| 词条 | Mago Orona Gándara |
| 释义 |
| honorific_prefix = | name = | honorific_suffix = | image = Mago_Orona_Gándara.png | image_size = | alt = | caption = | native_name = | native_name_lang = | birth_name = | birth_date = {{Birth date|1929|02|08}} | birth_place = | death_date = {{Death date and age|2018|02|18|1929|02|08}} | death_place = El Paso, Texas, US | resting_place = | resting_place_coordinates = | nationality = American | residence = | education = {{plainlist|University of Texas at El Paso
}} | alma_mater = | known_for = Murals | notable_works = | style = | movement = | spouse = | partner = | awards = | elected = | patrons = | memorials = | website = | module = }} Margarita "Mago" Orona Gándara ( February 8, 1929 – February 18, 2018) was a Chicana artist. She is known for her murals which can be seen throughout El Paso, Texas and in Ciudad Juárez. BiographyOrona Gándara was born and raised in El Paso, Texas.[1] Her nickname, "Mago," means "magician" in Spanish.[1] She was a graduate of the University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP) and then went on to teach art at Bowie High School.[1] In 1949, she saved $1,000 to go and study at the Art Institute of Chicago.[2] She attended the Chouinard Art Institute.[3] Orona Gándara also studied with Urbici Soler.[6] When Orona Gándara was twenty-one, she got married and had five children.[4] For many years, she followed her husband in his career, only separating after twenty-one years to pursue her own art career.[1][4] Orona Gándara returned to El Paso in late 1971 after living in California for around twenty years.[5] She began teaching classes at the El Paso Museum of Art and opened her own art studio.[5] Orona Gándara also began teaching at the El Paso Community College (EPCC).[2] A mural project she did for EPCC became part of her master's degree from Antioch University.[2] She also opened an art studio in Juárez with help from her daughter who lent her the money for the home and studio.[3][2] In the state of Chihuahua, Orona Gándara was considered an "art queen."[6] She also attempted to make a difference in the colonia she lived in, Colonia Libertad, using art and murals.[6][7] She left Juárez in 2011 when there was a large amount of violence in the city and when she was personally targeted by sicarios (assassins) who noticed that her truck had Texas license plates.[8][9] After leaving Mexico, she continued to create art, calling her next exhibition of paintings, Immigrant Pilgrims, her "revenge" on those who drove her out of her home in the colonia.[10] Orona Gándara died in her home of natural causes on February 18, 2018.[11][8] WorkOrona Gándara is known as one of the few women creating murals in El Paso's art history.[12] Her work is a cultural mix of both Mexican and American themes and inhabits the concept of nepantla.[1] Her murals, Señor Sol and Time and Sand were created by her working alone.[12] Señor Sol has degraded over time and Orona Gándara considered it "neglected and dishonored."[10] Some of her work was influenced by Aztec themes, such as those displayed on La Avenida de los Aztecas and in the Tourist Information Center for Chamizal in Juárez.[11] Gándara's final work was a tiled sculpture at her own home in Central El Paso based on St. Francis of Assisi.[8] References1. ^1 2 {{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QmFUC1HZIl8C&lpg=PA262&ots=bz76_ORqZC&dq=%22orona%20gandara%22&pg=PA262#v=onepage&q=%22orona%20gandara%22&f=false|title=Ordinary Women, Extraordinary Lives: Women in American History|last=Hakim|first=Musa Abdul|publisher=SR Books|year=2000|isbn=9780842027540|editor-last=Lindenmeyer|editor-first=Kriste|location=Lanham, Maryland|pages=262|language=en|chapter=Mago Orona Gandara}} 2. ^1 2 3 {{Cite news|url=https://www.texasobserver.org/1977-the-art-of-el-paso/|title=The Art of El Paso - The Texas Observer|last=Baron|first=Richard|date=2005-06-10|work=The Texas Observer|access-date=2018-05-01|language=en-US}} 3. ^1 {{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/19667123/|title=Art From the Border|last=|first=|date=4 October 1992|work=Albuquerque Journal|access-date=2018-04-29|language=en|via=Newspapers.com}} 4. ^1 {{Cite news|url=http://netnoticias.mx/2016-06-14-30a50ab6/margarita-magos-orona/|title=Margarita "Magos" Orona|last=García|first=Joaquín|date=14 June 2016|work=Net Noticias.mx|access-date=2018-04-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160615114646/http://netnoticias.mx/2016-06-14-30a50ab6/margarita-magos-orona/|archive-date=15 June 2016}} 5. ^1 2 3 {{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/19665782/|title=Muralist Depicts Struggle for Beliefs|last=Pierce|first=Betty|date=13 May 1972|work=El Paso Herald-Post|access-date=2018-04-29|language=en|via=Newspapers.com}} 6. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://glasstire.com/2011/08/21/border-artist-seeks-haven-in-el-paso-mago-gandara-leaves-juarez-studio-after-threats/|title=Border Artist Seeks Haven in El Paso: Mago Gándara Leaves Juarez Studio After Threats|last=Davenport|first=Bill|date=21 August 2011|website=Glasstire|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120215140732/http://glasstire.com/2011/08/21/border-artist-seeks-haven-in-el-paso-mago-gandara-leaves-juarez-studio-after-threats/|archive-date=15 February 2012|dead-url=|access-date=2018-05-01}} 7. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.iak-net.de/mago-gandara-kuenstlerin-an-der-grenze/|title=MEXIKO – Mago Gándara – Künstlerin an der Grenze|last=Jokinen|first=Hannimari|date=3 November 2017|website=IAK. Politisch Reisen|language=de-DE|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180501173453/http://www.iak-net.de/mago-gandara-kuenstlerin-an-der-grenze/|archive-date=1 May 2018|dead-url=|access-date=2018-05-01}} 8. ^1 2 3 {{Cite news|url=https://www.elpasotimes.com/story/news/local/el-paso/2018/02/20/borderland-muralist-mago-gandara-known-murals-died-sunday/355359002/|title=Borderland tile muralist Margarita 'Mago' Gándara dies at 89|last=Cortés González|first=María|date=20 February 2018|work=El Paso Times|access-date=2018-04-29|language=en}} 9. ^{{Cite news|url=http://borderzine.com/2011/09/when-sicarios-threatened-to-kill-her-the-muralist-brought-her-art-to-el-paso/|title=When Sicarios Threatened to Kill Her, the Muralist Brought Her Art to El Paso|last=Urbina|first=Danielle|date=2011-09-23|work=Borderzine|access-date=2018-05-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140626132320/http://borderzine.com/2011/09/when-sicarios-threatened-to-kill-her-the-muralist-brought-her-art-to-el-paso/|archive-date=26 June 2014|language=en-US}} 10. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://news.wexico.com/arts-culture/22aug2011/from-art-queen-to-exile-jurez-muralist-mago-gndara-seeks-her-revenge-in-new-show.htm|title=From 'Art Queen' to Exile: Juárez Muralist Mago Gándara Seeks her 'Revenge' in New Show|last=Rentería|first=Ramón|date=22 August 2011|website=El Paso Times|via=News.Wexico|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180501174239/http://news.wexico.com/arts-culture/22aug2011/from-art-queen-to-exile-jurez-muralist-mago-gndara-seeks-her-revenge-in-new-show.htm|archive-date=1 May 2018|dead-url=|access-date=2018-05-01}} 11. ^1 {{Cite news|url=http://diario.mx/El_Paso/2018-02-20_310ea906/muere-la-artista-plastica-mago-gandara/|title=Muere la artista plástica Mago Gándara|last=Arteaga|first=Roberto Carrillo|date=21 February 2018|work=El Diario de Juárez|access-date=2018-04-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180221160403/http://diario.mx/El_Paso/2018-02-20_310ea906/muere-la-artista-plastica-mago-gandara/|archive-date=21 February 2018|language=es-MX}} 12. ^1 {{Cite web|url=https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/kjc03|title=Chicano Mural Movement|last=Acosta|first=Teresa Palomo|date=12 June 2010|website=Handbook of Texas Online|publisher=Texas State Historical Association|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=29 April 2018}} External links
11 : 1929 births|2018 deaths|American people of Mexican descent|American women artists|Muralists|People from El Paso, Texas|People from Ciudad Juárez|University of Texas at El Paso alumni|School of the Art Institute of Chicago alumni|Chouinard Art Institute alumni|Educators from Texas |
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