| 词条 | Mammalian-wide interspersed repeat |
| 释义 |
Mammalian-wide interspersed repeats (MIRs) are transposable elements in the genomes of some organisms and belong to the group of Short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs). IncidenceMIRs are found in all mammals (including marsupials).[1] In humanIt is estimated that there are around 368,000 MIRs in the human genome.[2] StructureThe MIR consensus sequence is 260 basepairs long and has an A/T-rich 3' end.[1] PropagationLike other Short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), MIR elements used the machinery of LINE elements for their propagation in the genome, which took place around 130 million years ago. They cannot retrotranspose anymore since the loss of activity of the required reverse transcriptase.[3] History of discoveryMIR elements have been first described in human genome 1989-1991 [4][5][6] and were first referred as MB1 family repeats (mirror to sequences of mouse B1 repeat). Then this family repeats were found in other mammalian genomes.[7] Then this family was renamed as "Mammalian interspersed repeats" in 1992 [8] Later this family was shown to be common for vertebrate genomes.[9] References1. ^1 {{cite journal|last1=Smit|first1=Arian F. A.|last2=Riggs|first2=Arthur D.|title=MIRs are classic, tRNA-derived SINEs that amplified before the mammalian radiation|journal=Nucleic Acids Research|date=1995|volume=23|issue=1|pages=98–102|doi=10.1093/nar/23.1.98}} {{Repeated sequence}}2. ^{{cite journal|last1=Lander|title=Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome.|journal=Nature|date=2001|volume=409|issue=6822|pages=860–921|pmid=11237011|display-authors=etal|doi=10.1038/35057062|url=https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/62798/1/409860a0.pdf}} 3. ^{{cite journal|last1=Krull|first1=M|last2=Petrusma|first2=M|last3=Makalowski|first3=W|last4=Brosius|first4=J|last5=Schmitz|first5=J|title=Functional persistence of exonized mammalian-wide interspersed repeat elements (MIRs).|journal=Genome Research|date=August 2007|volume=17|issue=8|pages=1139–45|pmid=17623809|doi=10.1101/gr.6320607|pmc=1933517}} 4. ^{{cite journal|last1=Donehower|first1=Lawrence A.|last2=Slagle|first2=Betty L.|last3=Wilde|first3=Margaret|last4=Darlington|first4=Gretchen|last5=Butel|first5=Janet S.|title=Identification of a conserved sequence in the non-coding regions of many human genes|journal=Nucleic Acids Research|date=1989|volume=17|issue=2|pages=699–722|doi=10.1093/nar/17.2.699|pmid=2536922|pmc=331613}} 5. ^{{cite journal|last1=Korotkov|first1=Eugene V.|title=A family of mirror B1-like sequences from human genome|journal=Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR|date=1990|volume=311|issue=1|pages=238–242|PMID=2357927|language=ru}} 6. ^{{cite journal|last1=Korotkov|first1=Eugene V.|title=A new family of widely propagated MB1-repeats in the human genome|journal=Mol Biol (Mosk)|date=1991|volume=25|issue=1|pages=250–263|PMID=1896037|language=ru}} 7. ^{{cite journal|last1=Korotkov|first1=Eugene V.|title=The MB1 family of repeats in clones from the genomes of mammals|journal= Izv Akad Nauk SSSR Biol |date=1992|volume=Jul-Aug|issue=4|pages=546–557|PMID=1452902|language=ru}} 8. ^{{cite journal|last1=Jurka|first1=Jerzy |last2=Walichiewicz |first2=Jolanta|last3=Milosavljevic|first3=Aleksandar|title=Prototypic sequences for human repetitive DNA|journal=Journal of Molecular Evolution|date=October 1992|volume=35|issue=4|pages=286–291|doi=10.1007/BF00161166|pmid=1404414}} 9. ^{{cite journal|last1=Korotkov|first1=Eugene V.|last2=Korotkova|first2=Maria A.|last3=Rudenko|first3=Valentina M.|title=MIR--family of repeats common for vertebrate genomes|journal=Mol Biol (Mosk)|date=2000|volume=34|issue=4|pages=553–559|PMID=11042848|language=ru}} 2 : Mobile genetic elements|Molecular biology |
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