| 词条 | Marietta Bones |
| 释义 |
Marietta Bones (May 4, 1842 – July 11, 1901) was an American woman suffragist, social reformer, and philanthropist. Bones was elected vice-president of the National Woman Suffrage Association, and annually re-elected for nine years, when Susan B. Anthony with thirty of her friends voted the organization into another. In 1882, Bones made her first appearance as a public speaker in Webster, South Dakota, where she later resided. She was an active temperance worker, and was secretary of the first Non-Partisan National Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) in 1889. She took great interest in all reform and charitable institutions.{{sfn|Herringshaw|1904|p=128}} Early years and educationMarietta Matilda Wilkins was born upon a farm in Clarion County, Pennsylvania, May 4, 1842. Her father, James A. Wilkins, was born in Clarion county, where he resided for forty-eight years, when he removed to Iowa, and died six months later. Mr. Wilkins was a noted Abolitionist, known to have maintained an Underground Railroad station." The mother's (Jane Trumbull) family, the Trumbulls, were orginally from Connecticut, and were descendants of Jonathan Trumbull, better known by George Washington's pet name, "Brother Jonathan."{{sfn|Willard|Livermore|1893|p=104}} Her education was received in the Huidekoper Seminary, Meadville, Pennsylvania, and in the Washington, Pennsylvania, female seminary.{{sfn|Willard|Livermore|1893|p=105}} CareerBones was elected vice-president of the National Woman Suffrage Association for Dakota Territory, in 1881, and was annually re-elected for nine years. She made her debut as a public speaker in an oration at a Fourth of July celebration in Webster, South Dakota, in 1882. In September, 1883, she addressed Dakota's State Constitutional Convention on behalf of woman's enfranchisement. Failing to have her claim for woman's equality before the law recognized in the State Constitution there framed, she earnestly petitioned both houses of Congress to deny Dakota's admission to the Union as a State. Then she carried on several lively newspaper controversies against efforts to make the social question of temperance a political question.{{sfn|Willard|Livermore|1893|p=105}} She was an active temperance worker and was secretary of the first Non-partisan National WCTU convention in Chicago, in 1889, for which the local WCTU in Webster, over which she had presided the previous year, discharged her, returning her dues, paid nearly three months before, with an official notice "That the ladies of Webster union moved and carried that Bones' dues be returned on account of her having joined the secession movement, and also on account of her antagonism to our State president."{{sfn|Willard|Livermore|1893|p=105}} As a pioneer settler in her town, she secured for it a donation of a block of lots for a courthouse and county buildings, and through her influence Day county was divided and a part added thereto, in order that the county-seat should be centrally located. So interested was she that their State capital should be situated at the geographical center, that the board of trade in the city of Pierre, South Dakota invited her to be the guest of their city. Through her intercession, three infirm veterans of the war were sent, at the expense of her county, to the Soldiers' Home in Hot Springs, South Dakota. Bones was an able assistant of Matilda Joslyn Gage in organizing the Woman's National Liberal Union. She addressed the convention in Washington, D.C., and was one of the executive council of that organization.{{sfn|Willard|Livermore|1893|p=105}} Personal lifeIn Iowa, she married Kendall Parker, and that marriage ended in divorce. She retained custody of their children, but did not receive any money in support. Secondly, she married Colonel Thomas Arthur Bones (1835–1923) in 1880 or 1881.{{sfn|Johnson|2010|p=71}} He was the president of the board of commissioners that built the Soldiers' Home at Hot Springs, South Dakota.{{sfn|Herringshaw|1904|p=128}} She died July 11, 1901 in Washington, D.C. and was buried at Glenwood Cemetery in that city. ReferencesAttribution
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6 : 1842 births|1901 deaths|People from Clarion County, Pennsylvania|American suffragists|American social reformers|Woman's Christian Temperance Union people |
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