| 词条 | Marquesa del Ter |
| 释义 |
| name = Lilly Rose Cabrera Marquesa del Ter y Condesa de Morella | image = Marquesa del Ter.JPG | alt = | caption = | birth_name = Lilly Rose Schenrich | birth_date = 1864 | birth_place = Paris, France | death_date = 29 April 1936 | death_place = London, England | nationality = Spanish | other_names = Marquesa del Ter, Lily Rose Cabrera | occupation = pianist, social worker, women's right activist | years_active = 1914–1938 | known_for = | notable_works = }} Lilly Rose Cabrera, Marquise of Ter and Countess of Morella (1864–29 April 1936), known as the Marquesa del Ter, was the wife of the 2nd {{Ill|Marquis of Ter|es}} and 2nd Count of Morella, Ramón Cabrera y Richards. Born in Paris, she was a pianist and feminist who founded one of the first feminist organizations in Spain. She was awarded the Gold Médaille de la Reconnaissance française for her work with hospitals during World War I. BiographyLilly Rose Schenrich was born in 1864 in Paris to Julia Elizabeth (née Spuring) and Henri Joseph Schenrich.{{sfn|El Maestrazgo Carlista|2009}} She married Ramón Alejandro Leopoldo Cabrera y Richards (1854–1940){{sfn|Rovira i Gómez|2008|p=}} on 23 October 1884 at the French Catholic Chapel on Little George Street, Marylebone, London.[1][2] Her husband was a diplomat and ten years her senior. In 1889, the couple's only son, Ramón Henry was born in London. They divided their time primarily between London and Madrid though at various times he was posted briefly in Washington, D.C., St. Petersburg (1901){{sfn|El Maestrazgo Carlista|2009}} and Morocco (1921-1922), where the Marquesa spent three months during the worst part of the bombardment of Melilla a witness to the heavy Spanish losses.{{sfn|The Times|8 May 1936|p=18}} The Marquesa was a pianist and appeared in theaters in England, France, and Spain.{{sfn|Rádio e Televisão de Portugal|2006}} She also was an accomplished linguist, fluent in English, French and Spanish and spoke German and Italian. In 1914, at the start of World War I, the Marquesa founded the humanitarian organization Society for the Assistance of Allied Hospitals to provide supplies to 500 military hospitals in France. She also collected clothing and supplies for hospitals in Belgium and Salonica, Greece. The organization provided 110 ambulances and 300 men to lend aid during the war. For her work with the Red Cross, she received the Gold Médaille de la Reconnaissance française from the French Government.{{sfn|The Times|8 May 1936|p=18}} At the end of the 1920s, her husband's mother died and the couple returned to Spain with their son. There, the Marquesa joined the suffrage movement{{sfn|El Maestrazgo Carlista|2009}} and founded one of the first feminist organizations in Spain, Unión de Mujeres de España (UME) (Women's Union of Spain) on 24 December 1918.{{sfn|Branciforte|2012|p=17}} She wrote on feminist issues and her photograph was the cover portrait for the magazine "Voice of Women", issue 21, in January 1919.{{sfn|El Maestrazgo Carlista|2009}} Though it was short lived, the Marquesa founded a feminist journal called Renacimiento.{{sfn|The Times|8 May 1936|p=18}} She challenged Spanish laws which deprived women of acting without their husband's consent,{{sfn|Phayre|1921|p=69}} those that forced women to take the citizenship of their husband upon marriage and statutes that gave husbands full guardianship over children.{{sfn|Drexel|1920| p=25}} The Women's Union was staunchly in favor of women's education, which was ignored for all classes of society at the time.{{sfn|Wanatah Mirror|1919|p=7}} Though she tried to use her contacts with royalty, appealing directly to Queen consort Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg she met with little success{{sfn|Phayre|1921|p=69}} and frequently lamented in the press the slow progress being made in Spain.{{sfn|The Indiana Gazette|1926|p=16}}{{sfn|New York Tribune|1920|p=10}}{{sfn|Oakland Tribune|1926|p=17}} {{Quote box|bgcolor=#FFDEAD|align=right|width=35%|“Body and soul, we women are only slaves. The married actress can’t even sign a contract without her husband’s consent. The widow can’t take a flat without the aid of a male relative. And in the family council we are entirely ignored. We can’t even open a bank account, nor touch an inheritance, nor choose the teachers of our own children. Our dowries pass to our husbands the moment we marry. I may have a million a year of my own, but as a wife I must needs go to my husband for every dollar I want. Is this just or fair in 1921?” {{sfn|Phayre|1921|p=69}} {{right|The Marquesa del Ter addressing the Queen of Spain, quoted by the New York Times Book Review and Magazine (1 May 1921)}} }} Because of her extensive knowledge of language and international affairs, the Marquesa was selected as the Spanish delegate to the 1920 International Alliance Congress of Women’s Suffrage held in Geneva, Switzerland. She spoke as the Spanish representative at the Union des Femmes de France in Paris,{{sfn|The Times|8 May 1936|p=18}} at the Paris International Congress of 1926,{{sfn|Rádio e Televisão de Portugal|2006}} and then in 1927 at the Women's International Alliance Congress for Peace, in Amsterdam.{{sfn|The Times|8 May 1936|p=18}} During the collection of materials on international law and their impact on women's citizenship, undertaken by Doris Stevens and Alice Paul for the Pan American Union and League of Nations, the Marquesa was one of the feminists who assisted the duo in their efforts to compile information on the laws of each country.{{sfn|Lee|1929|p=2}} The report would ultimately lead to the first international agreement ever adopted concerning women's rights, albeit only for member states of the Pan American Union.{{sfn|1933 resolutions|2015}} She founded the National Council of Spanish women, served as vice-president of the Crusade of Spanish Women, and was a member of the Iberian Society of Natural Sciences and the Royal Madrid Economic Society.{{sfn|The Times|8 May 1936|p=18}} After several years in Spain, the couple returned to London,{{sfn|El Maestrazgo Carlista|2009}} where the Marquesa died on 29 April 1936 and was buried on 2 May 1936 at Windsor Cemetery.{{sfn|The Times|2 May 1936|p=1}} Posthumously, her music collection of 30 volumes was presented to the National Library of Portugal. The collection contained music for voice and piano sonatas featuring Beethoven, Haydn and several French composers.{{sfn|Rádio e Televisão de Portugal|2006}} A historical novel, written by Isabel Lizarraga called Cándida in 2012 recounts the stories of early Spanish feminists and includes depictions of the Marquesa. {{sfn|Pico|2014}} ReferencesCitations1. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.freebmd.org.uk/cgi/information.pl?cite=FM7awb79E%2FI9f2JfuyeRWA&scan=1|title=Scheurich, Lilly Rose|accessdate=3 March 2016|work=FreeBMD|publisher=ONS}} 2. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.freebmd.org.uk/cgi/information.pl?cite=C57E4z5ircyx7vsye6sGWg&scan=1|title=De Morella, Ramon Alexander L.C.(Count)|accessdate=3 March 2016|work=FreeBMD|publisher=ONS}} Sources
11 : 1864 births|1936 deaths|Spanish suffragists|Musicians from Paris|French feminists|French women classical pianists|French classical pianists|20th-century Spanish writers|Spanish women writers|Spanish women's rights activists|20th-century women writers |
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