| 词条 | Mary Brazier |
| 释义 |
| name = Mary A.B. Brazier | image = | image_size = | caption = | birth_date = {{birth date|1904|5|18}} | birth_place = Weston-super-Mare, England | death_date = {{death date and age|1995|5|14|1904|5|18}} | death_place = Falmouth, Massachusetts | residence = | citizenship = | nationality = | ethnicity = | field = Biology | work_institution = Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of California, Los Angeles | alma_mater = University of London | doctoral_advisor = | doctoral_students = | known_for = Electron microscopy | author_abbreviation_bot = | author_abbreviation_zoo = | prizes = | religion = | children = Oliver Gidden Brazier (1935–2001) | footnotes = }} Mary "Mollie" Agnes Burnston Brown Brazier (1904–1995) was a prominent neuroscientist at Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). Life and workShe was born in Weston-super-Mare, England in 1904 and died in Falmouth, Massachusetts in 1995. She was the second of two children in a Quaker family. She attended the Sidcot School and earned a Bachelor of Science from Bedford College of the University of London. She received a Ph.D in physiology and biochemistry from the University of London in 1930, began neuroscience research at Maudsley Hospital, London, and in 1940 came to Boston on a Rockefeller Fellowship. She remained at the Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard University, and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology for twenty years. In 1961, she moved to the Brain Research Institute at UCLA until her retirement. She was internationally known as an outstanding neuroscientist, historian, author, and editor.[1] Brazier made many fundamental contributions to the study of EEG changes in anesthesia and was one of the pioneers in applying computer analysis to EEG signals. She also published in history of science. Beginning in 1948 Brazier worked on integrating Norbert Wiener's work on noise processing to the analysis of EEGs.[2] Her work in autocorrelation and cross-correlational analyses was published in 1952, co-authored by James Casby - an undergraduate working in her laboratory.[2][3] In 1953 Brazier and Wiener presented their work at the Third International EEG Congress in Cambridge, Massachusetts.[4] In the 1950s she was one of the people, together with Herbert Jasper, Henri Gastaut, Ivane Beritashvili and Denise Albe-Fessard to promote the idea of the International Brain Research Organization (IBRO) and assisted in its founding by enlisting UNESCO support. She was the sixth secretary general, and first woman in that role at IBRO, beginning in 1978 and remaining in that position until 1983.[5] She was editor-in-chief of Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology from 1974 to 1984.[6] Brazier was the author of almost 250 articles and books. Her papers are kept at the UCLA Special Collections library.[7] FamilyHer older brother became a physicist.[8] Her father was a cousin of Sir Arthur Eddington, the English astrophysicist whose 1919 solar eclipse observations provided confirmation of one of Albert Einstein's predictions from the General relativity theory. In 1928 she married electrical engineer Leslie J. Brazier.[9] They had a son, Oliver, in 1935. In 1940 Brazier moved to Boston with her son; her husband Leslie remained in England.[10] In popular cultureShe is mentioned as a New Year's Eve 1954 dinner guest of Avis DeVoto in As Always, Julia.[11] Selected books and articles
Honors and awards
After her death the M.A.B. Brazier Young Investigator International Award was named in her honor by the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology.[14] The award is now named the Mary Brazier Young Investigator Paper Award.[17] References1. ^Marshall, 292 2. ^1 Parlee, 423. 3. ^Brazier, M.A. and Casby, J.U. "Cross-correlation and autocorrelation studies of electroencephalographic potentials." Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology. 1952 May;4(2):201-11. 4. ^1 Barlow, 2. 5. ^Marshall, 292, 295. 6. ^Marshall, 295. 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt0t1nc56b/|title=Finding Aid for the Mary Agnes Burniston Brazier Papers 1941-1995|website=www.oac.cdlib.org}} 8. ^Barlow et al., 2. 9. ^Parlee, 421. 10. ^Parlee, 422. 11. ^Reardon, 223 - 224. 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.thyroid.org/about-american-thyroid-association/events-awards-lectures/van-meter-award/|title=Van Meter Award - American Thyroid Association|website=www.thyroid.org}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.amacad.org/content/system/search.aspx?s=Brazier|title=Academy of Arts & Sciences Website Search|website=www.amacad.org}} 14. ^1 Parlee, 424. 15. ^Barlow, 3. 16. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bscn.org.uk/content.aspx?Group=home&Page=grey+walter|title=The British Society for Clinical Neurophysiology|website=www.bscn.org.uk}} 17. ^{{cite web|url=http://ifcn.info/showcontent.aspx?MenuID=1782|title=International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology (IFCN) - Young Investigator Paper Awards Clinical Neurophysiology|first=|last=VW|website=ifcn.info}} Sources
6 : 1904 births|1995 deaths|American neuroscientists|Alumni of the University of London|Women neuroscientists|Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences |
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