1. Early life

2. Career

3. References
    Citations  Bibliography 

Mary Coco Maltez de Callejas (7 March 1925 – 22 February 2016) was a Nicaraguan feminist, teacher and politician. She was a founding member of both the Union of American Women and Ala Femenina, serving as the vice president of the latter organization from its founding in 1955 to 1971, when she became President. She was one of the first three women to run for and be elected to the Chamber of Deputies in 1957. After her initial election, she served in the National Assembly until 1979. Between 1969 and 1979, she served as the Minister of Education. In her latter years, she participated in the Alliance of Pan American Round Tables.

Early life

Pura María del Socorro Maltez Huezo, known as Mary Coco, was born on 7 March 1925, in Managua, Nicaragua to Isabel Huezo and Manuel Maltez.{{sfn|Nicaraguan Birth Records|1925|p=226}}{{sfn|Nicaraguan Marriage Records|1950|p=133}} She was one of the founding members of the Union of American Women ({{lang-es|Union de Mujeres Americanas}}, organized by Josefa Toledo de Aguirre in 1942.{{sfn|González-Rivera|2011|p=177}} She graduated from the Escuela Normal Central in Managua in 1943.{{sfn|Pérez-Valle|2016}}

Career

Maltez began her career as a teacher and in 1950, married Reinaldo Santiago Jose Jimmy Callejos Callejos.{{sfn|Nicaraguan Marriage Records|1950|p=133}} In 1955, along with Clementina Arcia, Gladys Bonilla Muñoz, Amelia Borge de Sotomayor, Esperanza Centeno Sequeira, Zaida Fernandez de Ruiz, Evelina Mayorga, Lucrecia Noguera Carazo, Olga Núñez Abaunza, Ofelia Padilla, and Gloria Zeledón, Maltez de Callejas founded the magazine, Ala Femenina,{{sfn|González-Rivera|2011|p=72}} as the press organ of the organization by the same name.{{sfn|González-Rivera|2011|p=69}} While a feminist organization, the group was a partisan organization and devoted to liberalism and the Nationalist Liberal Party,{{sfn|González-Rivera|2011|p=72}} with the majority of its members were middle-class professional women.{{sfn|González-Rivera|2011|p=74}} From the organization's founding, Maltez de Callejas served as the vice president, until the death of president Olga Núñez Abaunza in 1971, when she became president of Ala.{{sfn|González-Rivera|2011|p=75}} Maltez de Callejas was one of the most influential feminists of her era.{{sfn|El Nuevo Diario|2010}}

In 1957, the first year women were allowed to vote in Nicaragua, Maltez de Callejas, Núñez, Mirna Hueck de Matamoros became the first women candidates to run for public office. Núñez was elected as a Deputy to the National Assembly and the other two women were elected as alternates.{{sfn|University of California|2017}}{{sfn|Membreño Palacios|2012}} During the Somoza regime, Ala became aligned in a power arrangement with Somoza, whereby women were increasingly given political office in exchange for their support of his regime.{{sfn|González-Rivera|Kampwirth|2010|p=57}} Between 1963 and 1967, Maltez de Callejas served in the Chamber of Deputies.{{sfn|Ferrey Rivera|2015|p=9}} She was appointed Vice-Minister of Education in 1967{{sfn|La Gaceta|1968|p=1602}} and the following year was appointed as Minister of Education.{{sfn|National Assembly|1969}} Between 1972 and 1974, she was a delegate to the Constituent National Assembly{{sfn|Ferrey Rivera|2015|p=10}} and then served again in the Chamber of Deputies from 1974 to 1979.{{sfn|Ferrey Rivera|2015|p=11}}

When the Sandinista National Liberation Front, overthrew the government of Anastasio Somoza DeBayle, Maltez de Callejas went into exile for a lengthy period of time. She returned to Managua in 2001 and was involved in organizing the Alliance of Pan American Round Tables,{{sfn|Lara de Gutiérrez|2001}} continuing her involvement in the organization through 2013.{{sfn|Bolsa de Noticias|2013}}

References

Citations

Bibliography

• {{cite web|ref=harv|last1=Ferrey Rivera|first1=Pablo|title=Las mujeres en los cuerpos legislativos nicaragüenses (1957-2014)|url=http://www.tortillaconsal.com/mujeres_parlamentarias_1957-2014.pdf|publisher=National Assembly|accessdate=20 November 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171120221142/http://www.tortillaconsal.com/mujeres_parlamentarias_1957-2014.pdf|archivedate=20 November 2017|location=Managua, Nicaragua|language=Spanish|date=2015|trans-title=The women of the Nicaraguan legislative body (1957-2014)}}
• {{cite book|ref=harv|last=González-Rivera|first=Victoria|title=Before the Revolution: Women's Rights and Right-wing Politics in Nicaragua, 1821-1979|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0k33DgWpXqEC&pg=PA177|year=2011|publisher=Penn State University Press|location=University Park, Pennsylvania|isbn=0-271-04870-0}}
• {{cite book|ref=harv|last1=González-Rivera|first1=Victoria|last2=Kampwirth|first2=Karen|title=Radical Women in Latin America: Left and Right|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z9eu9eI1fwcC&pg=PA57|year=2010|publisher=Penn State University Press|location=University Park, Pennsylvania|isbn=0-271-04247-8}}
• {{cite news|ref=harv|last1=Lara de Gutiérrez|first1=Graciela|title=Actividades de la Mesa Redonda Panamericana|url=http://www.laprensa.com.ni/2001/03/07/cartas-al-director-noticias/1704840-actividades-de-la-mesa-redonda-panamericana-2|accessdate=20 November 2017|publisher=La Prensa|date=7 March 2001|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171120231041/http://www.laprensa.com.ni/2001/03/07/cartas-al-director-noticias/1704840-actividades-de-la-mesa-redonda-panamericana-2|archivedate=20 November 2017|location=Managua, Nicaragua|language=Spanish|trans-title=Activities of the Pan American Round Table}}
• {{cite news|ref=harv|last1=Membreño Palacios|first1=Chimenea|title=El voto femenino y la mujer liberal|url=https://www.laprensa.com.ni/2012/09/29/opinion/118111-el-voto-femenino-y-la-mujer-liberal|accessdate=20 November 2017|publisher=La Prensa|date=29 September 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171120234410/https://www.laprensa.com.ni/2012/09/29/opinion/118111-el-voto-femenino-y-la-mujer-liberal|archivedate=20 November 2017|location=Managua, Nicaragua|language=Spanish|trans-title=The feminine vote and the liberal woman}}
• {{cite web|ref=harv|last1=Pérez-Valle|first1=Eduardo|title=Antecedentes Históricos de la Normal de Señoritas|url=https://eduardoperezvalle.blogspot.mx/2016/02/antecedentes-historicos-de-la-normal-de.html|website=Nicaragua: Desde El Mirador de Nuestra Historia|accessdate=20 November 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171120204309/https://eduardoperezvalle.blogspot.mx/2016/02/antecedentes-historicos-de-la-normal-de.html|archivedate=20 November 2017|location=Managua, Nicaragua|language=Spanish|date=7 February 2016|trans-title=Historical Background of the Women's Normal School}}
• {{cite web|ref={{harvid|National Assembly|1969}}|author=|title=Apruébase Planes de Estudios para las Carreras de Artes Industriales, Educación para el Hogar y Educación Comercial|website=National Assembly|date=17 December 1969|url=http://sajurin.enriquebolanos.org/vega/docs/G-1968-05-28.pdf|accessdate=20 November 2017|trans-title=Approved Study Plans for the Careers of Industrial Arts, Education for the Home and Commercial Education|publisher=República de Nicaragua|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070801063225/http://legislacion.asamblea.gob.ni/Normaweb.nsf/($All)/D1AB2AE6A845A327062570A100583F75?OpenDocument|archivedate=1 August 2007|location=Managua, Nicaragua|language=Spanish}}
• {{cite journal|ref={{harvid|La Gaceta|1968}}|author=|title=Comuníquese|journal=La Gaceta|date=28 May 1968|volume=LXXII|issue=118|page=1602|url=http://sajurin.enriquebolanos.org/vega/docs/G-1968-05-28.pdf|accessdate=20 November 2017|trans-title=Communication|publisher=República de Nicaragua|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171120224744/http://sajurin.enriquebolanos.org/vega/docs/G-1968-05-28.pdf|archivedate=20 November 2017|location=Managua, Nicaragua|language=Spanish|quote=19 de Diciembre de 1967. Mary Coco Maltez de Callejas, Vice-Ministro de Educación Pública}}
• {{cite web|ref={{harvid|El Nuevo Diario|2010}}|author=|title=La evolución histórica de los derechos de las mujeres en Nicaragua|url= http://archivo.elnuevodiario.com.ni/nuevo-amanecer/312035-evolucion-historica-derechos-mujeres-nicaragua/|publisher=El Nuevo Diario|accessdate=20 November 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171120232135/http://archivo.elnuevodiario.com.ni/nuevo-amanecer/312035-evolucion-historica-derechos-mujeres-nicaragua/|archivedate=20 November 2017|location=Managua, Nicaragua|language=Spanish|date=1 October 2010|trans-title= The historical evolution of women's rights in Nicaragua}}
• {{cite web|ref={{harvid|University of California|2017}}|author=|title=Nicaragua: Elections and Events 1937-1970|url=https://library.ucsd.edu/research-and-collections/collections/notable-collections/latin-american-elections-statistics/Nicaragua/elections-and-events-19371970.html|website=Latin American Election Statistics|publisher=University of California, San Diego|accessdate=20 November 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171120203524/https://library.ucsd.edu/research-and-collections/collections/notable-collections/latin-american-elections-statistics/Nicaragua/elections-and-events-19371970.html|archivedate=20 November 2017|location=La Jolla, California|date=2017}}
• {{cite web|ref={{harvid|Nicaraguan Marriage Records|1950}}|author=|title=Nicaragua, Matrimonios 1950: Reinaldo Santiago Jose Jimmy Callejos Callejos / Pura María del Socorro (Mary Coco) Maltez Huezo|url=https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HT-6763-5TL?i=132&cc=1601210|accessdate=20 November 2017|website=FamilySearch|publisher=Archivo del Registro Civil del Departamento de Managua|date=1 June 1950|location=Managua, Nicaragua|language=Spanish|id=FHL digital folder #4164374, Vol.2, certificate #436}}
• {{cite web|ref={{harvid|Nicaraguan Birth Records|1925}}|author=|title=Nicaragua, Nacimientos, vol 72C, ene-jun 1925: María del Socorro Maltez|url=https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HT-DTJQ-86F?i=225&cc=1601210|accessdate=20 November 2017|website=FamilySearch|publisher=Archivo del Registro Civil del Departamento de Managua|date=7 March 1925|location=Managua, Nicaragua|language=Spanish|id=FHL digital folder #4190339, Book 72-C, certificate #593|quote="En Managua, á dia de siete de marzo de mil novecientos veinticinco..." (In Managua, on the day of March 7, one thousand nine hundred twenty-five...)}}
• {{cite news|ref={{harvid|Bolsa de Noticias|2013}}|author=|title=Senses Pésames|url=http://www.bolsadenoticias.com.ni/2013/febrero/07/revoltillo.html|accessdate=21 November 2017|publisher=Bolsa de Noticias|date=7 February 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171120211132/http://www.bolsadenoticias.com.ni/2013/febrero/07/revoltillo.html|archivedate=21 November 2017|location=Managua, Nicaragua|language=Spanish|trans-title=Heartfelt Condolences}}

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