“Mary Logan Tucker”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Mary Logan Tucker

释义

Early life
Scandal
Activism
Death and legacy
References
Bibliography

{{Infobox person
| name = Mary Logan Tucker
| image = Mary Logan Tucker.jpg
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_name = Mary Elizabeth Logan
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1858|06|20}}
| birth_place = Benton, Franklin County, Illinois
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1940|03|16|1858|06|20}}
| death_place = Washington, D. C.
| nationality = American
| other_names = Dolly Logan
| occupation = farmer, political activist
| years_active =
| known_for =
| notable_works =
}}Mary Logan Tucker (June 20, 1858 – March 16, 1940) was an American political activist. She attended the Convent of the Visitation, Georgetown, in Washington, D.C. Tucker organized and founded the Georgetown Alumnae Association and was elected and served as its first president in 1893. She was an active member of the Illinois State Association and the Illinois State Society of Washington, D.C. from the late nineteenth century until her death. She also served as the president of the Dames of the Loyal Legion of the United States from 1924 to 1928, and was a member of the Society of the Daughters of the American Revolution, the Society of the Army of the Tennessee, and the Legion of Loyal Women.^[1]

Early life

Mary Elizabeth Logan was born on June 20, 1858 in Benton, Franklin County, Illinois to Mary Simmerson (née Cunningham) and General John A. Logan.{{sfn|Logan|1905|p=170}}{{sfn|Logan|1912|p=dedication page}}{{sfn|Randall|1907|p=127}} Her father had served in both the Illinois legislature and the United States House of Representatives and then went on to serve in the Union Army. As an infant, when Congress was in session, the family resided in Washington, D. C. and maintained a home in Carbondale, Illinois for when the legislature was in recess. During the Civil War the family remained in Carbondale, but in 1871 moved to Chicago, where Logan began her education at a private school. Later that year when her father was elected to the U. S. Senate, the family returned to Washington. There, she was placed in Georgetown's Convent of the Visitation School, where she completed her schooling graduating from high school in 1876.{{sfn|Logan|1905|p=170}}

In Chicago, on November 27, 1877 Logan married William F. Tucker who was working for the Pay Corps of the Army. The couple were posted to Santa Fe, New Mexico, where they remained for four years.{{sfn|Logan|1905|p=170}} On September 21, 1878, the couple had their first child, Logan.{{sfn|The Chicago Tribune|1897|p=2}} Thereafter, Major Tucker was posted to Washington, D. C. where they lived for eight years, until a transfer sent the couple to St. Paul, Minnesota.{{sfn|Logan|1905|p=170}} The couple's second son, George Edwin Tucker was born on August 18, 1891.{{sfn|The Chicago Tribune|1897|p=2}} In 1893, Tucker founded the alumnae association of the Georgetown Convent of Visitation, for which she was elected as its first president.{{sfn|Logan|1912|p=615}} When the Major was sent to Atlanta, Georgia during the Spanish–American War, Tucker returned to Washington.{{sfn|Logan|1905|p=170}} In 1896, she and her son George were the beneficiaries of the estate of George E. Lemon, a family friend and godfather of Tucker's youngest son. Each inherited one-fifth of his estate plus an award of $25,000.{{sfn|The Indianapolis News|1896|p=2}} At the conclusion of the conflict, the couple reunited in Chicago and made a home there until 1899, when the major was recalled to Washington. Because the major was subsequently sent to Fort Vancouver in Portland, Oregon (1901) and Manila to serve as Chief Paymaster to the U.S. Army in the Philippines (1904), Tucker resided with her mother in Washington.{{sfn|Logan|1905|p=170}} In 1905, her son George died from appendicitis in Manila.{{sfn|The Daily Free Press|1905|p=3}} Tucker, took up farming in Maryland, and advocated it as a viable occupation for women.{{sfn|Randall|1907|p=127}}

Scandal

Beginning in 1907, Tucker was involved in a scandalous divorce,{{sfn|Quad-City Times|1907|p=1}} which threatened to tarnish the carefully crafted family history that her mother had spent years building.{{sfn|Simon|1997|p=xxii}} For two years, newspapers from coast to coast covered the story.{{sfn|The Richmond Times-Dispatch|1907|p=2}}{{sfn|The Los Angeles Times|1909|p=2}} Tucker initiated the proceedings alleging misconduct by her husband.{{sfn|Quad-City Times|1907|p=1}} Approaching the War Department, she attempted to have him discharged from the military, alleging he had engaged in conduct unbecoming to an officer. The military investigation proved the charges insufficient and when her divorce was declined Colonel Tucker instigated proceedings.{{sfn|The McCook Tribune|1907|p=3}} The press carried reports that the marital trouble was due to the bequest from Lemon, several years before.{{sfn|The Chicago Tribune|1907|p=3}}{{sfn|Quad-City Times|1907|p=1}} Tucker then changed the grounds to desertion,{{sfn|The Chicago Tribune|1909|p=3}} and Colonel Tucker was arrested, but released as he was undergoing medical treatment.{{sfn|The New York Tribune|1908|p=14}}{{sfn|The Baltimore Sun|1908|p=5}} In 1909, the couple were granted an absolute divorce, with the Colonel ordered to pay alimony to Tucker.{{sfn|The Washington Times|1909|p=7}} In 1911 the couple's only remaining child, Logan, died of heart failure amid rumors of suicide.{{sfn|The Brooklyn Daily Eagle|1911|p=12}}{{sfn|The Washington Herald|1911|p=4}}{{sfn|The Huntington Herald|1911|p=3}}

Activism

In 1916, Tucker organized a branch of the Loyal Legion of Dames in Washington, D. C.{{sfn|The Washington Post|1916|p=16}} That same year, she was serving as a vice president of the Women’s National Republican Club, which was not in support of women’s suffrage. Instead, their aim was to mobilize women to support the candidacy of Charles Evans Hughes.{{sfn|The Washington Times|1916|p=4}} Opposed to the pacifist stance of the group of feminists who would form the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom, Tucker urged the army to train women to participate in the conflict, teaching them small arms use, telegraphy and signalling.{{sfn|Delegard|2012|pp=87–88}}{{sfn|The Washington Times|1915|p=8}} By the early 1920s, Tucker and Cornelia Ross Potts were so opposed to the WILPF message that they convened a meeting to protest the annual WILPF convention in 1924 and attended the convention heckling the speakers.{{sfn|Delegard|2012|p=88}} In response, they formed a group known as the National Patriotic Council, bringing together women from the American Legion Auxiliary, Daughters of 1812, Daughters of the American Revolution, and other organizations with the purpose of eliminating communism and pacifist movements, which were radical or unpatriotic.{{sfn|Delegard|2012|p=89}} Tucker and Potts, who shared the leadership of the Daughters of 1812, created a propaganda investigation committee and by 1927 created a loyalty committee.{{sfn|Delegard|2012|p=102}} In 1928, Tucker organized a national convention of patriotic societies to combat the pacifist movement.{{sfn|The Indianapolis Star|1928|p=51}} That same year, she took her message to the radio, broadcasting a Dames of the Loyal Legion program aimed to generate respect for heroes. She called for all teachers in either public or private schools to take an oath of allegiance to the United States and pledge to give honor to all historic soldiers and sailors of the nation.{{sfn|The Los Angeles Times|1928|p=29}}

Death and legacy

Tucker died on March 16, 1940 at her home in Washington, D. C.{{sfn|The Chicago Tribune|1940|p=14}} She was buried on the grounds of the Old Soldiers and Sailors Home in the Logan family crypt.{{sfn|Illinois State Society|2017}}

References

1. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=W5nNAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA21&lpg=PA21&dq=Mary+Logan+Tucker&source=bl&ots=Chb9Gi3tA7&sig=3JI2uYM_Tuvu_d1Pc9aFsuwloDk&hl=en&sa=X&ei=qUsXVfrMNculNpapgOgH&ved=0CDYQ6AEwBTgK#v=onepage&q=Mary%20Logan%20Tucker&f=false|title=National Magazine|last=Tarbell|first=Arthur Wilson|date=1903|publisher=Bostonian publishing Company|language=en}}

Bibliography

{{cite book|ref=harv|last=Delegard|first=Kirsten Marie|title=Battling Miss Bolsheviki: The Origins of Female Conservatism in the United States|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sYOAPrzH4coC&pg=PA87|year=2012|publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press|location=Philadelphia, Pennsylvania|isbn=0-8122-0716-5}}
{{cite book|ref=harv|last1=Logan|first1=Mrs. John (Mary)|editor1-last=Wilcox|editor1-first=J. F.|title=Historical Souvenir of Williamson County, Illinois: Being a Brief Review of the County from Date of Founding to the Present|date=1905|url=https://archive.org/stream/historicalsouven00effi#page/170/mode/1up|chapter=Mary Logan Tucker|publisher=LeCrone Press|location=Effingham, Illinois|oclc=881168947|pages=170–171}}
{{cite book|ref=harv|last1=Logan|first1=Mrs. John (Mary)|title=The Part Taken by Women in American History|date=1912|url=https://archive.org/stream/parttakenbywome00logagoog#page/n660/mode/1up|publisher=Perry-Nalle Publishing Company|location=Wilmington, Delaware|oclc=3443917}}
{{cite journal|ref=harv|editor1-last=Randall|editor1-first=Annie G.|title=Women at Work|journal=State Normal Magazine|date=January 1907|volume=XI|issue=2|pages=125–130|url=https://archive.org/stream/statenormalmagjan1907unse#page/127/mode/1up|accessdate=20 August 2017|publisher=Adelphian and Cornelian Literary Societies by the State Normal School Press|location=Greensboro, North Carolina}}
{{cite book|ref={{harvid|Simon|1997}}|editor-last1=Simon|editor-first1=John Y.|last1=Logan|first1=Mrs. John A. (Mary)|title=Reminiscences of a Soldier's Wife: An Autobiography|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8ICRdOJgSVcC&pg=PR22|year=1997|publisher=Southern Illinois University Press|location=Carbondale, Illinois|isbn=978-0-8093-2157-5|chapter=Forward|pages=xx-xxii}}
{{cite news|ref={{harvid|The Los Angeles Times|1909}}|author=|title=Army Scandal over Tuckers|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13226746/army_scandal_over_tuckers_the_los/|accessdate=20 August 2017|publisher=The Los Angeles Times|date=June 22, 1909|location=Los Angeles, California|page=2|via = Newspapers.com}} {{open access}}
{{cite news|ref={{harvid|Quad-City Times|1907}}|author=|title=Big Scandal Brews in Army|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13225951/big_scandal_brews_in_army_quadcity/|accessdate=20 August 2017|publisher=Quad-City Times|date=July 1, 1907|location=Davenport, Iowa|page=1|via = Newspapers.com}} {{open access}}
{{cite news|ref={{harvid|The Brooklyn Daily Eagle|1911}}|author=|title=Captain Tucker Suicide?|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13230622/captain_tucker_suicide_the_brooklyn/|accessdate=20 August 2017|publisher=The Brooklyn Daily Eagle|date=December 22, 1911|location=Brooklyn, New York|page=12|via = Newspapers.com}} {{open access}}
{{cite news|ref={{harvid|The Baltimore Sun|1908}}|author=|title=Col. Tucker Arrested|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13228650/col_tucker_arrested_the_baltimore_sun/|accessdate=20 August 2017|publisher=The Baltimore Sun|date=October 14, 1908|location=Baltimore, Maryland|page=5|via = Newspapers.com}} {{open access}}
{{cite news|ref={{harvid|The New York Tribune|1908}}|author=|title=Col. Tucker Arrested|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13228889/col_tucker_arrested_the_new_york/|accessdate=20 August 2017|publisher=The New York Tribune|date=October 14, 1908|location=New York, New York|page=14|via = Newspapers.com}} {{open access}}
{{cite news|ref={{harvid|The Chicago Tribune|1897}}|author=|title=Come for Logan Day (pt 1)|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13227304/come_for_logan_day_pt_1_the_chicago/|accessdate=20 August 2017|publisher=The Chicago Tribune|date=July 20, 1897|location=Chicago, Illinois|page=1|via = Newspapers.com}} {{open access}} and {{cite news|title=Come for Logan Day (pt 2)|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13227375/come_for_logan_day_pt_2_the_chicago/|accessdate=20 August 2017|publisher=The Chicago Tribune|date=July 20, 1897|location=Chicago, Illinois|page=2|via = Newspapers.com}} {{open access}}
{{cite news|ref={{harvid|The Washington Times|1915}}|author=|title=Gen. John A. Logan's Daughter Urges Army Training to Instruct Women|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13231804/the_washington_times/|accessdate=20 August 2017|publisher=The Washington Times|date=September 2, 1915|location=Washington, D. C.|page=8|via = Newspapers.com}} {{open access}}
{{cite news|ref={{harvid|The Chicago Tribune|1940}}|author=|title=General Logan's Daughter Dies in Washington at 82|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13223690/chicago_tribune/|accessdate=20 August 2017|publisher=The Chicago Tribune|date=18 March 1940|location=Chicago, Illinois|page=14|via = Newspapers.com}} {{open access}}
{{cite news|ref={{harvid|The Richmond Times-Dispatch|1907}}|author=|title=General Logan's Daughter Silent|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13229261/general_logans_daughter_silent_the/|accessdate=20 August 2017|publisher=The Richmond Times-Dispatch|date=August 26, 1907|location=Richmond, Virginia|page=2|via = Newspapers.com}} {{open access}}
{{cite news|ref={{harvid|The Daily Free Press|1905}}|author=|title=George Edwin Tucker|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13228281/george_edwin_tucker_the_daily_free/|accessdate=20 August 2017|publisher=The Daily Free Press|date=October 5, 1905|location=Carbondale, Illinois|page=3|via = Newspapers.com}} {{open access}}
{{cite news|ref={{harvid|The Indianapolis News|1896}}|author=|title=John A. Logan's Daughter|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13227994/john_a_logans_daughter_the/|accessdate=20 August 2017|publisher=The Indianapolis News|date=December 29, 1896|location=Indianapolis, Indiana|page=2|via = Newspapers.com}} {{open access}}
{{cite news|ref={{harvid|The Washington Post|1916}}|author=|title=Loyal Legion Dames to Meet|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13225975/loyal_legion_dames_to_meet_the/|accessdate=20 August 2017|publisher=The Washington Post|date=June 25, 1916|location=Washington, D. C.|page=16|via = Newspapers.com}} {{open access}}
{{cite web|ref={{harvid|Illinois State Society|2017}}|author=|title=Mrs. Mary Logan Tucker about 1907|url=http://illinoisstatesoceity.typepad.com/photos/1917_1930_illinois_state_/mary-logan-tucker.html|website=Illinois State Society|publisher=The Illinois State Society of Washington, DC|accessdate=20 August 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170820171840/http://illinoisstatesoceity.typepad.com/photos/1917_1930_illinois_state_/mary-logan-tucker.html|archivedate=20 August 2017|location=Washington, D. C.|date=2017}}
{{cite news|ref={{harvid|The Los Angeles Times|1928}}|author=|title=Radio Spreads Patriotism|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13232905/radio_spreads_patriotism_the_los/|accessdate=20 August 2017|publisher=The Los Angeles Times|date=March 29, 1928|location=Los Angeles, California|page=29|via = Newspapers.com}} {{open access}}
{{cite news|ref={{harvid|The Washington Times|1916}}|author=|title=Republican Women Organize for Hughes|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13226006/republican_women_organize_for_hughes/|accessdate=20 August 2017|publisher=The Washington Times|date=August 20, 1916|location=Washington, D. C.|page=4|via = Newspapers.com}} {{open access}}
{{cite news|ref={{harvid|The Huntington Herald|1911}}|author=|title=Resent Idea of Suicide|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13230644/resent_idea_of_suicide_the_huntington/|accessdate=20 August 2017|publisher=The Huntington Herald|date=December 26, 1911|location=Huntington, Indiana|page=3|via = Newspapers.com}} {{open access}}
{{cite news|ref={{harvid|The Chicago Tribune|1909}}|author=|title=Tell How Tucker Tippled|url=http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1909/05/16/page/3/article/tell-how-tucker-tippled|accessdate=20 August 2017|publisher=The Chicago Tribune|date=May 16, 1909|location=Chicago, Illinois|page=3}}
{{cite news|ref={{harvid|The Washington Herald|1911}}|author=|title=Tucker is Suicide, According to Dr. Slifer|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13230741/the_washington_herald/|accessdate=20 August 2017|publisher=The Washington Herald|date=December 22, 1911|location=Washington, D. C.|page=4|via = Newspapers.com}} {{open access}}
{{cite news|ref={{harvid|The Chicago Tribune|1907}}|author=|title=Tucker 'Scandal' Is Thrown Over|url=http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1907/08/01/page/3/article/tucker-scandal-is-thrown-over|accessdate=20 August 2017|publisher=The Chicago Tribune|date=August 1, 1907|location=Chicago, Illinois|page=3}}
{{cite news|ref={{harvid|The Indianapolis Star|1928}}|author=|title=(untitled)|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13233007/untitled_the_indianapolis_star/|accessdate=20 August 2017|publisher=The Indianapolis Star|date=February 5, 1928|location=Indianapolis, Indiana|page=51|via = Newspapers.com}} {{open access}}
{{cite news|ref={{harvid|The McCook Tribune|1907}}|author=|title=(untitled)|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13225864/untitled_the_mccook_tribune_mccook/|accessdate=20 August 2017|publisher=The McCook Tribune|date=September 27, 1907|location=McCook, Nebraska|page=3|via = Newspapers.com}} {{open access}}
{{cite news|ref={{harvid|The Washington Times|1909}}|author=|title=Wins Long Legal Fight|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13225886/wins_long_legal_fight_the_washington/|accessdate=20 August 2017|publisher=The Washington Times|date=June 30, 1909|location=Washington, D. C.|page=7|via = Newspapers.com}} {{open access}}

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