| 词条 | Max Sandin |
| 释义 |
Max Sandin (c. 1889–1967) was a painter and anti-war activist who was persecuted by the United States government during both World Wars for refusal to cooperate with military conscription. World War ⅠWhen Sandin was drafted into the U.S. military during World War Ⅰ, he declared himself a conscientious objector. The military would not accept this, on the grounds that his objection was political, not religious, in nature. Subsequently, for refusing to obey an order, Sandin was sentenced to be killed by firing squad. President Wilson commuted that sentence to imprisonment at Fort Leavenworth.[1] World War ⅡSandin was again imprisoned for refusing to register for the draft in 1943.[2] War Tax ResistanceIn 1943, Sandin began to refuse to pay taxes that would be destined for military spending.[3] He continued to refuse for the rest of his life. In 1949, he joined the war tax resistance pledge of Peacemakers, the first non-sectarian organized war tax resistance movement in the United States.[4] When, in 1961, the government began to seize his social security benefits and small pension for back taxes, leaving him destitute, he began a sit-down protest and hunger strike at the U.S. Treasury building. The United States Secret Service responded by imprisoning him, ostensibly for psychiatric evaluation (he was judged sane and released in a few days).[5] Other ActionsSandin also took part in a blockade designed to stop the deployment of a Polaris nuclear-weapon-armed submarine in 1960.[6] See also
References1. ^"Wilson Saves Soldier From Death" La Plata Home Press (Missouri) 6 March 1919, p. 1 2. ^"Stubborn War Objector Still Locked in Private War With Tax Collectors" (Associated Press dispatch) The Circleville Herald (Ohio) 11 April 1955, p. 1 3. ^"Cleveland Pacifist Insists He'll Pay No Income Taxes" The Circleville Herald (Ohio) 31 March 1949, p. 1 4. ^"8 Ohioans Refuse To Pay Tax For 'Financing War'" (United Press dispatch) The Sandusky Register (Ohio) 14 March 1949, p. 1 5. ^"Ohio Pacifist, 72, Is Ruled as Sane" (Associated Press dispatch) The Circleville Herald (Ohio) 14 September 1961, p. 2 6. ^"Loses Social Security Tax; Threatens Hunger Strike" (Scripps-Howard Newspapers dispatch) El Paso Herald-Post (Texas) 30 August 1961, p. 23; "CNVA Again Thwarted: By Marines" (Associated Press dispatch) Kingsport News (Tennessee) 6 September 1960, p. 6 1 : American tax resisters |
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