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词条 Mercouri Kanatzidis
释义

  1. Early life and education

  2. Research

  3. Awards and honors

  4. References

  5. External links

{{Infobox scientist
| name = Mercouri Kanatzidis
| image = Mercouri Kanatzidis Picture.jpg
| birth_date = {{birth year and age|1957}}
| birth_place = Thessaloniki, Greece
| death_date =
| death_place =
| residence = U.S.
| nationality = United States
| field = Chemistry, Materials Science, and Nanotechnology
| work_institutions = Northwestern University, Argonne National Laboratory, Michigan State University
| alma_mater = Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University of Iowa
| awards = Samson Prime Minister's Prize for Innovation in Alternative Fuels for Transportation, 2016; ACS Award in Inorganic Chemistry, 2016; ENI Award for the "Renewable Energy Prize" category, 2015.
}}Mercouri Kanatzidis ({{lang-el|Μερκούριος Κανατζίδης}}; born 1957) is a Charles E. and Emma H. Morrison Professor of Chemistry and Professor of Materials Science and Engineering at Northwestern University[1] and Senior Scientist at Argonne National Laboratory.[2]

Kanatzidis was listed as one of the most cited researchers in Materials Science and Engineering in 2016 based on Elsevier Scopus data.[3] He has published over 1,250 manuscripts (ISI h-index =106, Google = 117) and has over 30 patents. As of May 2018, Mercouri Kanatzidis has mentored over 56 Ph.D. students and nearly 90 postdoctoral fellows. More than 50 of these alumni hold academic positions worldwide.

Early life and education

Kanatzidis was born in Thessaloniki, Greece. He received his B.S. degree from Aristotle University in 1979 and his Ph.D. from the University of Iowa in 1984 [1] (with [https://lsa.umich.edu/chem/people/emeritus/dcouc.html Dimitri Coucouvanis]). He spent two years at the University of Iowa from 1980-1982 and then moved to the University of Michigan when Coucouvanis moved there in 1982. He was a Postdoctoral Research Fellow at the University of Michigan (1985) and Northwestern University (1986-1987) where he worked with Professor Tobin J. Marks on conductive polymers and intercalation compounds. He became assistant professor at Michigan State University in 1987. He was promoted to full Professor in 1994. He moved to Northwestern University in 2006.

Research

Kanatzidis has developed synthesis methodologies for the design and discovery of new chalcogenide materials and intermetallics. He is known for the elaboration of flux synthesis techniques which allow reactions to proceed at lower temperatures than otherwise would and can lead to new structures and compositions. From his research, metal sulfide ion-exchangers[4] have been discovered. They are effective materials in heavy metal remediation of industrial waste waters.

Kanatzidis’ ideas on nanostructured thermoelectrics have had a strong impact in thermoelectric research and these ideas are now the new paradigm followed by researchers worldwide. He developed effective strategies for achieving "nanostructuring" in bulk thermoelectric semiconductors. This led to high performance materials e.g. AgPbmSbTe2+m (ZT~1.7),[5] PbTe-PbS (ZT~1.7)[6] and PbTe-SrTe (ZT~2.2).[7]

Nanostructured thermoelectric materials possess coherently embedded nanodots in PbTe (a phenomenon called endotaxy). The nanodots efficiently scatter heat carrying phonons and add to the other modes of scattering effectively lowering the thermal conductivity in some cases by >70% while allowing high electrical conductivity, giving a very high ZT of >2.2.

Kanatzidis, along with fellow researcher Professor Robert P.H. Chang at Northwestern, developed a new solar cell that uses tin instead of lead perovskite.[8] They published the first paper employing a halide perovskite CsSnI3 in an all solid state dye-sensitized Gratzel cell with ~10% efficiency. He was first to demonstrate functioning CH3NH3SnI3 based solar cells.

Kanatzidis has proposed ideas and concepts for predictive synthesis. For example, he demonstrated that certain systems of A/M/M’/Q (A = alkali; M, M’ = main group, Q = chalcogen) are "infinitely adaptive" and can yield new compounds, for almost any stoichiometry. This concept uses homologous superseries as a predictable path to new materials. Examples include as Cs4[Bi2n+4Te3n+6], CsPbmBi3Te5+m, Am[M1+lSe2+l]2m[M2l+nSe2+3l+n] (A = alkali metal, M = Sn, Pb, Sb, Bi), and (PbSe)n(Bi2Se3)m.[9]

Kanatzidis refers to these homologous superseries as "compound generating machines".

Kanatzidis invented a new class of materials called chalcogels. These are unique inorganic compounds that are aerogels. Using ligand metathesis chemistry, he reported experimental conditions suitable to create gels and avoid the undesirable precipitates. The chalcogels are built like a sponge, and can soak up many heavy-metal atoms from polluted water. And because the chalcogels pack an enormous surface area into a tiny volume, small pieces can clear out thousands of liters of water. For example, the chalcogels reduce mercury, lead and cadmium concentrations down to ppt levels. Biomimetic chalcogels containing Fe4S4 clusters were reported to reduce photochemically N2 to NH3.[10]

Recent approaches include the development of panoramic synthesis. Traditional materials synthesis is often performed ex situ: the products are only examined after the reaction has completed. He and his group have used x-ray scattering to monitor materials synthesis reactions in situ. With a single experiment all phases in a given combination (e.g. Na/Cu/S, etc.) can be detected. This offers a panoramic view of all the phases present . "Panoramic synthesis" promises to unravel the mechanisms of how new materials form.

Awards and honors

  • 2018 - American Institute of Chemistry Chemical Pioneer Award
  • 2017 - Hershel and Hilda Rich Visiting Professorship, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology[11]
  • 2017 - University of Crete - Honorary Doctorate Degree[12]
  • 2016 - Samson Prime Minister's Prize for Innovation in Alternative Fuels for Transportation[13]
  • 2016 – American Physical Society (APS) Fellow[14]
  • 2016 - APS James C. McGroddy Prize for New Materials[15]
  • 2016 – American Chemical Society (ACS) Award in Inorganic Chemistry[16]
  • 2015 - ENI Award for the "Renewable Energy Prize" category[17]
  • 2015 - Awarded Wilhelm Manchot Professorship, Technical University of Munich[18]
  • 2015 - Elected Fellow of the Royal Chemical Society
  • 2015 - Royal Chemical Society De Gennes Prize[19]
  • 2014 – Materials Research Society (MRS) Medal[20]
  • 2014 - International Thermoelectric Society Outstanding Achievement Award[21]
  • 2014 - Einstein Professor, Chinese Academy of Sciences[22]
  • 2013 - Cheetham Lecturer Award, University of California Santa Barbara[23]
  • 2012 - American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) Fellow[22]
  • 2010 - MRS Fellow[22]
  • 2006 - Charles E. and Emma H. Morrison Professor, Northwestern University[1]
  • 2003 - Morley Medal, American Chemical Society, Cleveland Section[24]
  • 2003 - Alexander von Humboldt Prize[1]
  • 2002 - John Simon Guggenheim Foundation Fellow[1]
  • 2001 - University Distinguished Professor MSU[1]
  • 2000 - Sigma Xi Senior Meritorious Faculty Award[1]
  • 1998 - Michigan State University Distinguished Faculty Award[1]
  • 1993-1998 - Camille and Henry Dreyfus Teacher Scholar[1]
  • 1991-1993 - Alfred P. Sloan Fellow (see Sloan Fellows)[1]
  • 1992-1994 - Beckman Young Investigator[1]
  • 1990 - ACS Inorganic Chemistry Division Award, EXXON Faculty Fellowship in Solid State Chemistry[1]
  • 1989-1994 - Presidential Young Investigator Award, National Science Foundation[1]

References

1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 "Mercouri Kanatzidis, Professor". Northwestern University. Weinberg College of Arts & Sciences. Retrieved 13 December 2016.
2. ^"Mercouri G. Kanatzidis, Senior Chemist". Argonne National Laboratory. Materials Science Division. Retrieved 13 December 2016.
3. ^"The 2016 List of Most Cited Researchers in Materials Science and Engineering by Elsevier Scopus Data". MSESupplies.com. Retrieved 13 December 2016.
4. ^{{cite journal|last1=Manos|first1=Manolis J.|last2=Kanatzidis|first2=Mercouri G.|title=Metal sulfide ion exchangers: superior sorbents for the capture of toxic and nuclear waste-related metal ions|journal=Chem. Sci.|date=2016|volume=7|issue=8|pages=4804–4824|doi=10.1039/C6SC01039C}}
5. ^{{cite journal|last1=Hsu|first1=K. F.|last2=Loo|first2=S.|last3=Guo|first3=F.|last4=Chen|first4=W.|last5=Dyck|first5=J. S.|last6=Uher|first6=C.|last7=Hogan|first7=T.|last8=Polychroniadis|first8=E. K.|last9=Kanatzidis|first9=M. G.|title=Cubic AgPbmSbTe2+m: Bulk Thermoelectric Materials with High Figure of Merit|journal=Science|date=6 February 2004|volume=303|issue=5659|pages=818–821|doi=10.1126/science.1092963|bibcode=2004Sci...303..818H}}
6. ^{{cite journal|last1=Kanatzidis|first1=Mercouri G.|title=Nanostructured Thermoelectrics: The New Paradigm?|journal=Chemistry of Materials|date=9 February 2010|volume=22|issue=3|pages=648–659|doi=10.1021/cm902195j}}
7. ^{{cite journal|last1=Biswas|first1=Kanishka|last2=He|first2=Jiaqing|last3=Blum|first3=Ivan D.|last4=Wu|first4=Chun-I|last5=Hogan|first5=Timothy P.|last6=Seidman|first6=David N.|last7=Dravid|first7=Vinayak P.|last8=Kanatzidis|first8=Mercouri G.|title=High-performance bulk thermoelectrics with all-scale hierarchical architectures|journal=Nature|date=19 September 2012|volume=489|issue=7416|pages=414–418|doi=10.1038/nature11439|bibcode=2012Natur.489..414B}}
8. ^"[https://news.northwestern.edu/stories/2014/05/taking-the-lead-out-of-a-promising-solar-cell Taking the Lead out of a Promising Solar Cell]". Northwestern University. Retrieved 13 December 2016.
9. ^{{cite journal|last1=Mrotzek|first1=Antje|last2=Kanatzidis|first2=Mercouri G.|title="Design" in Solid-State Chemistry Based on Phase Homologies. The Concept of Structural Evolution and the New Megaseries Am[M1+lSe2+l]22m[M2l+nSe2+3l+n]|journal=Acc. Chem. Res.|date=2003|volume=36|issue=2|pages=111–119|doi=10.1021/ar020099+}}
10. ^"Iron-sulfur gel provides possible green route to ammonia". Chemical & Engineering News. Retrieved 15 December 2016.
11. ^{{cite web|title=Hershel and Hilda Rich Visiting Professorship in Applied Research 2017|url=http://materials.technion.ac.il/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Hershel-and-Hilda-Rich-Visiting-Professorship.pdf|accessdate=7 June 2017}}
12. ^{{cite web|title=Professor Mercouri Kanatzidis Receives Honorary Doctorate|url=http://eilotas.chemistry.uoc.gr/uocchem/images/banners/prosklisi_kanatzidi%20-.pdf|publisher=University of Crete|accessdate=23 March 2017}}
13. ^"The 2016 Samson – Prime Minister's Prize for Innovation in Alternative Fuels for Transportation". Fuel Choices Summit. Retrieved 13 December 2016.
14. ^"[https://www.aps.org/programs/honors/fellowships/ APS Fellow]". APS Physics. Retrieved 25 January 2017.
15. ^"[https://www.aps.org/units/dmp/awards/mcgroddy.cfm James C. McGroddy Prize for New Materials]". APS.org Retrieved 13 December 2016.
16. ^"[https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/funding-and-awards/awards/national/bytopic/acs-award-in-inorganic-chemistry.html ACS Award in Inorganic Chemistry]". American Chemical Society. Retrieved 25 January 2017.
17. ^"[https://www.eni.com/enipedia/en_IT/business-model/awards-recognition/eni-award-2015.page ENI Award 2015]". Enipedia. Retrieved 13 December 2016.
18. ^"[https://www.tum.de/en/about-tum/news/press-releases/detail/article/32888/ Wilhelm Manchot Professorship]". Technical University of Munich. Retrieved 25 January 2017.
19. ^"de Gennes Prize". Royal Society of Chemistry. Retrieved 13 December 2016.
20. ^"MRS Medal Recipients". Materials Research Society. Retrieved 13 December 2016.
21. ^"International Thermoelectric Society". International Themoelectric Society. Retrieved 25 January 2017.
22. ^1 2 "Northwestern University - McCormick School of Engineering". Northwestern University - McCormick School of Engineering. Retrieved 25 January 2017.
23. ^"[https://www.mrl.ucsb.edu/cheetham-lecturer Cheetham Lecturer]". Materials Research Laboratory at UC Santa Barbara. Retrieved 13 December 2016.
24. ^"The Morley Medal". American Chemical Society – Cleveland Section. Retrieved 13 December 2016.

External links

  • Northwestern University Chemistry Department
  • Kanatzidis Research Group
  • Argonne National Laboratory Material Sciences Division
{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Kanatzidis, Mercouri}}

7 : 1957 births|Living people|21st-century American chemists|Northwestern University faculty|Aristotle University of Thessaloniki alumni|University of Iowa alumni|University of Michigan fellows
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