| 词条 | Michael W. Berns |
| 释义 |
| name = Michael W. Berns | image = | birth_date = {{birth date|mf=yes|1942|12|01}} | birth_place = Burlington, Vermont, U.S.[1] | death_date = | death_place = | residence = U.S. | nationality = United States | field = Medical use of lasers | work_institutions = Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, University of California, San Diego | alma_mater = Cornell University | doctoral_advisor = | awards = | spouse = Roberta Berns[1] }}Michael W. Berns (born December 1, 1942)[2] is a professor of surgery and cell biology at the University of California, Irvine (UCI) and the University of California, San Diego.[4][2] Berns is a founder of the first Laser Microbeam Program (LAMP),[6][7] the Beckman Laser Institute,[8]{{rp|328–331}}[9] the UCI Center for Biomedical Engineering, and the UCI Photonics Incubator.[2] His pioneering[9] work has focused on the use of laser technology in medical and biological research. He has developed tools and techniques for the surgical use of lasers,[4] down to the level of manipulating single cells and individual chromosomes.[4] Berns has published extensively on use of lasers in both biomedical research and medical treatment of illnesses including skin disorders,[4] vascular disease, eye problems, and cancer.[9] EducationBerns received his B.S. from Cornell University, Ithaca, NY in 1964, followed by his M.S. in 1966 and his Ph.D. in 1968. From 1968-1970, he held a postdoctoral position at the Pasadena Foundation for Medical Research, Pasadena, California.[2] CareerBerns was an assistant professor in the department of zoology of the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor from 1970 to 1972.[2] He them joined the University of California, Irvine (UCI) as an associate professor and department chair in the Department of Developmental and Cell Biology.[18] He was named the Arnold and Mabel Beckman Professor in 1988. In addition to a number of appointments at the University of California, Irvine, he became an adjunct professor in the Department of Biomedical Engineering at the University of California, San Diego in 2000.[2] Berns founded the first Laser Microbeam Program (LAMP) at UCI in 1979.[3] Sponsored by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) as a National Biotechnology Resource, the LAMP center's sophisticated laser microsurgery instruments could be used by cell biologists from across the country.[7] Berns co-founded the Beckman Laser Institute at UCI in 1982, with support from Arnold Beckman.[4]{{rp|328–331}}[5] The nonprofit institute for translational research opened on June 4, 1986.[6] Berns was its first director, serving from 1982-2003.[7] Berns was also a founding director of the UCI Center for Biomedical Engineering, from 1999 to 2000,[18][2] and founded the UCI Photonics Incubator in 1999.[2] ResearchIn 2006, Berns received the Biomedical Optics Lifetime Achievement Award at SPIE's International Symposium on Biomedical Optics, “for his contributions to the development and growth of laser microbeam technology, a major step towards establishing new tools for understanding laser interactions with biological tissues, which have resulted in significant improvements in diagnosis and treatment of disease.”[18] Sometimes referred to as the "father of laser microbeams,"[18] Berns has written over 480 articles and 6 books.[18] In 1969, Berns published a generative paper on use of lasers for subcellular surgery in Nature.[18] Using an argon laser with a phase-contrast microscope, small lesions were placed at specifically chosen sites on the chromosomes of cells sensitized with chemical fluorophores. In subsequent research, Berns and others found that YAG lasers could be used to cut organelles such as mitochondria or stress fibers without prior sensitization. This landmark study concluded that focusable laser light could have wide application to the ablation of cell components in biological systems. When combined with a light microscope to display the structures in a living cell, lasers could be used to selectively target those structures with minimum damage to surrounding structures.[8] Since then Berns has investigated the basic interactions of light beams at the levels of tissues, cells, and molecules. He has developed tools and techniques such as "laser scissors" and "laser tweezers" for manipulation of structures within a living cell, that can be used for the examination of cell biology and treatment of molecular pathology.[9][8][3][10] Books
Awards and honorsHonors and awards include the following:
References1. ^{{cite news|last1=Zigner|first1=Gloria|title=Zignature|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yRMEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA206|accessdate=15 March 2017|work=Orange Coast Magazine|date=Dec 1994}} {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Berns, Michael W.}}2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{cite web|title=CURRICULUM VITAE Michael W. Berns|url=http://www.robolase.ucsd.edu/michael_w_berns_cv.pdf|website=University of California, San Diego|accessdate=15 March 2017}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite journal|last1=Tromberg|first1=Bruce J.|last2=Anderson|first2=R. Rox|last3=Birngruber|first3=Reginald|last4=Brinkmann|first4=Ralf|last5=Berns|first5=Michael W.|last6=Parrish|first6=John A.|last7=Apiou-Sbirlea|first7=Gabriela|title=Biomedical optics centers: forty years of multidisciplinary clinical translation for improving human health|journal=Journal of Biomedical Optics|date=20 December 2016|volume=21|issue=12|pages=124001|doi=10.1117/1.JBO.21.12.124001|pmid=27997018}} 4. ^1 {{cite book | isbn = 978-0-941901-23-9 |author1=Arnold Thackray |author2=Minor Myers Jr. |lastauthoramp=yes |others = foreword by James D. Watson. | year = 2000 | publisher = Chemical Heritage Foundation | location = Philadelphia, Pa. | title = Arnold O. Beckman : one hundred years of excellence}} 5. ^1 2 3 {{cite news|last1=Davidson|first1=Jean|title=UCI's Beckman Institute, USC Team Up on Laser Project|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1989-03-30/local/me-967_1_beckman-institute|accessdate=15 March 2017|work=Los Angeles Times|date=March 30, 1989}} 6. ^{{cite news|title=Beckman Laser Institute Will Open to Public Today|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1986-06-04/local/me-8807_1_laser-institute|accessdate=20 October 2015|work=Los Angeles Times|date=June 4, 1986}} 7. ^{{cite news|title=New Leadership|url=http://www.bli.uci.edu/pubs/summer2004.pdf|accessdate=21 October 2015|work=Laser|agency=Beckman Laser Institute}} 8. ^1 2 3 {{cite book|last1=Magidson|first1=Valentin|last2=Lončarek|first2=Jadranka|last3=Hergert|first3=Polla|last4=Rieder|first4=Conly L.|last5=Khodjakov|first5=Alexey|title=Laser Microsurgery in the GFP Era: A Cell Biologist's Perspective|journal=Methods Cell Biology|date=2007|volume=82|pages=239–266|doi=10.1016/S0091-679X(06)82007-8|pmid=17586259|pmc=2570757|accessdate=|series=Methods in Cell Biology|isbn=9780123706485}} 9. ^{{cite book|editor-last1=Berns|editor-first1=Michael W.|editor-last2=Greulich|editor-first2=Karl Otto|title=Laser manipulation of cells and tissues|date=2007|publisher=Elsevier/Academic Press|location=Amsterdam|isbn=9780123706485}} 10. ^{{cite journal|last1=Berns|first1=Michael W.|title=Laser Scissors and Tweezers|journal=Scientific American|date=March 17, 1998|pages=62–67|url=http://www.robolase.ucsd.edu/SciAmerican.pdf|accessdate=20 October 2015}} 11. ^{{cite web|title=Berns named SPIE fellow|url=https://news.uci.edu/briefs/berns-named-spie-fellow/|website=UCI News|date=February 29, 2008}} 12. ^{{cite web|title=SWSC News - November 2007|url=http://swscommunity.org/newsletter.php|website=Sturge-Weber Syndrome Community|date=2007}} 13. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite web|title=Professor Berns Honored With Lifetime Achievement Award|url=http://engineering.uci.edu/news/2006/3/professor-berns-honored-lifetime-achievement-award|website=UCI Samueli School of Engineering|accessdate=15 March 2017}} 14. ^{{cite web|title=Fellow Directory|url=http://aimbe.org/college-of-fellows/directory/|website=American Institute for Biomedical Engineering|accessdate=15 March 2017}} 15. ^{{cite news|title=Community News Focus People|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1994-12-21/local/me-11400_1_cross-country|accessdate=15 March 2017|work=Los Angeles Times|date=December 21, 1994}} 16. ^{{cite web|title=Medalist Recognition|url=http://give.uci.edu/events/medal/medalist-recognition.php|website=UCI Giving|accessdate=15 March 2017}} 17. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite news|last1=McQueeney|first1=Tom|title=IRVINE : Professor Named to Science Society|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1993-03-16/local/me-523_1_science-society|work=Los Angeles Times|date=March 16, 1993}} 18. ^{{cite journal|last1=Mark|first1=Caroline S.|title=The American Society for Laser Medicine & Surgery Presents the William B. Mark Award to Michael W. Berns|journal=Journal of Laser Applications|date=October 1990|volume=2|issue=3|pages=57|doi=10.2351/1.4745269}} 19. ^{{cite journal|title=Twenty-eight scientists elected to the American Association for the Advancement of Science|journal=University Bulletin: A Weekly Bulletin for the Staff of the University of California|date=1983|volume=32|page=11|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zvM2AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA11|accessdate=15 March 2017|last1=(System)|first1=University of California}} 6 : Living people|Cornell University alumni|University of California, Irvine faculty|University of California, San Diego faculty|Fellows of the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering|1942 births |
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