| 词条 | Miklos Porkolab |
| 释义 |
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1939|03|24}} | birth_place = Budapest | death_date = | death_place = | residence = United States | nationality = American | field = Plasma Physics | work_institution = Massachusetts Institute of Technology | alma_mater = University of British Columbia Stanford University | doctoral_advisor = | doctoral_students = | known_for = plasma waves, plasma microturbulence, phase-contrast imaging | prizes = {{no wrap|Humboldt Prize {{small|(1976)}} John Dawson Award {{small|(1984)}} Karoly Simony Memorial Plaque and Prize {{small|(2007)}} Fusion Power Associates Distinguished Career Award {{small|(2010)}} James Clerk Maxwell Prize in Plasma Physics (2009) Hannes Alfvén Prize (2013) }} | influenced = | footnotes = }}Miklos Porkolab (born March 24, 1939) is a Hungarian-American physicist specializing in plasma physics. He emigrated in 1957 from Hungary to Canada, where he studied at the University of British Columbia (Bachelor, 1963) and then at Stanford University, where he obtained his Master degree in 1964 and his PhD in 1968. He then moved to the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, where he worked as a Senior Research Physicist until 1975. During the following year, Porkolab worked at the Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics in Garching, Germany, under the auspices of the Humboldt Foundation as a winner of the "US Senior Scientist Award". In 1977 he became Professor of Physics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where he later led the Plasma Science and Fusion Center (PSFC) for many years.[1] Scientific ContributionsWhilst at Princeton, Porkolab concentrated on disperive properties of plasma waves and instabilities in magnetized plasmas. Measurements corroborating the validity of the collisionless Boltzmann equation and demonstrating nonlinear scattering of Bernstein waves with wavelengths comparable to the electron Larmor radius were obtained. Porkolab's work provided experimental verifications of Landau damping, nonlinear resonant wave-wave scattering and parametric instabilities, also predicting upper hybrid solitons. From 1977, whilst at the MIT Physics Department, Porkolab joined the newly established Plasma Physics and Fusion Center where he began experiments on lower hybrid current drive in tokamak plasmas. He also carried out investigations on ion cyclotron heating and mode conversion processes in multi-ion species fusion plasmas. Phase contrast imaging (PCI) was developed by Porkolab's group both for use at the Alcator C-Mod tokamak and the DIII-D tokamak of General Atomics, in San Diego. In recent years, PCI measurements contributed to the advanced in understanding of turbulence and Alfvén wave phenomena. Notable AwardsFor his work on radio frequency heating and noninductive current drive on the Versator II, the Alcator C and C-Mod tokamaks, Professor Porkolab shared the 1984 American Physical Society Excellence in Plasma Research Award (now the John Dawson Award).[3] In 2009 Porkolab was awarded the James Clerk Maxwell Prize in Plasma Physics for plasma physics by the American Physical Society, with the citation "For pioneering investigations of linear and nonlinear plasma waves and wave-particle interactions; fundamental contributions to the development of plasma heating, current drive and diagnostics; and leadership in promoting plasma science education and domestic and international collaborations."[4] In 2013 he received the Hannes Alfvén Prize of the European Physical Society, "for pioneering investigations of linear and nonlinear plasma waves and wave-particle interactions; fundamental contributions to the development of plasma heating, current drive and diagnostics; and leadership in promoting plasma science education and domestic and international collaborations."[5] Porkolab was also awarded the Karoly Simony Memorial Plaque and Prize by the Hungarian Nuclear Society in 2007 [6] and a Fusion Power Associates Distinguished Career Award in 2010.[7] In 2016 Porkolab was elected an External Member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. Between 1991 and 2001, Porkolab served as Editor of Physics Letters A, in the Plasma Physics and Fluid Dynamics subsection. He also represented the U.S. Plasma Physics community for six years on the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) Commission–16 (Plasma Physics) (1991-1997). Between 1992 and 1995, he served as a member of the National Research Council Subpanel on Plasma Science. In 1999, he served as Chair of the Plasma Physics Division of the American Physical Society.[8] References1. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.aps.org/programs/honors/prizes/prizerecipient.cfm?name=Miklos%20Porkolab&year=2009 |title=Maxwell Prize awarded to Porkolab |publisher=APS |accessdate=3 October 2016}} [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]2. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0741-3335/55/12/120301/pdf;jsessionid=3F4FBF5DA3DE1A6D4A458E409ABF99CF.c4.iopscience.cld.iop.org |title= Hannes Alfvén Prize 2013 |publisher=European Physical Society |accessdate=3 October 2016}} 3. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://web.mit.edu/physics/people/faculty/porkolab_miklos.html |title= Porkolab's home page on the MIT website |publisher=MIT|accessdate=3 October 2016}} 4. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Hungarian+Nuclear+Society+honors+Miklos+Porkolab.-a0173375549 |title= Simony Medal awarded to Prof. Porkolab|publisher=MIT|accessdate=3 October 2016}} 5. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://web.mit.edu/physics/people/faculty/porkolab_miklos.html |title= Prof. Porkolab's biography on the APS website|publisher=APS|accessdate=3 October 2016}} 6. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://aries.pppl.gov/FPA/ARC10/fpn10-38.shtml |title= Porkolab, Ryutov to Receive Distinguished Career Awards |publisher=Fusion Power Associates|accessdate=3 October 2016}} 7. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.aps.org/programs/honors/awards/dawson.cfm |title= John Dawson Award for Excellence in Plasma Physics Research |publisher=Fusion Power Associates|accessdate=3 October 2016}} }}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Porkolab, Miklos}} 6 : 1939 births|Living people|21st-century American physicists|Fellows of the American Physical Society|Massachusetts Institute of Technology faculty|People from Budapest |
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