local lipos = string.find(s, "

if lipos then

s1 = string.sub(s, 1, lipos + 3)

s = string.sub(s, lipos + 4)

end

-- s1 is either "" or the first part of the list markup, so we can continue

-- and prepend s1 to the returned string

if string.find(s, "^%[%]+|[^%+%]%]") then

-- this is a piped wikilink, so we capitalise the text, not the pipe

local b, c = string.find(s, "|%A*%a") -- find the first letter after the pipe

return s1 .. string.sub(s, 1, c-1) .. string.upper(string.sub(s, c, c)) .. string.sub(s, c+1)

end

local letterpos = string.find(s, '%a')

if letterpos then

local first = string.sub(s, 1, letterpos - 1)

local letter = string.sub(s, letterpos, letterpos)

local rest = string.sub(s, letterpos + 1)

return s1 .. first .. string.upper(letter) .. string.lower(rest)

else

return s1 .. s

end

end

p.title = function (frame )

-- http://grammar.yourdictionary.com/capitalization/rules-for-capitalization-in-titles.html

-- recommended by The U.S. Government Printing Office Style Manual:

-- "Capitalize all words in titles of publications and documents,

-- except a, an, the, at, by, for, in, of, on, to, up, and, as, but, or, and nor."

local alwayslower = {['a'] = 1, ['an'] = 1, ['the'] = 1,

['and'] = 1, ['but'] = 1, ['or'] = 1, ['for'] = 1,

['nor'] = 1, ['on'] = 1, ['in'] = 1, ['at'] = 1, ['to'] = 1,

['from'] = 1, ['by'] = 1, ['of'] = 1, ['up'] = 1 }

local res =

local s = mw.text.trim( frame.args[1] or "" )

local words = mw.text.split( s, " ")

for i, s in ipairs(words) do

s = string.lower( s )

if( i > 1 ) then

if( alwayslower[s] ~= 1 ) then

s = mw.getContentLanguage():ucfirst(s)

end

else

s = mw.getContentLanguage():ucfirst(s)

end

words[i] = s

end

return table.concat(words, " ")

end

p.label = function (frame )

-- Capitalizing only first letter for fetched Wikidata labels.

-- Wikidata English labels generally begin with a lowercase letter. d:Help:Label#Capitalization

local s = mw.text.trim( frame.args[1] or "" )

if string.find(s, "^%[%]+|[^%+%]%]") then

-- this is a piped wikilink, so we capitalise the text, not the pipe

local b, c = string.find(s, "|%A*%a") -- find the first letter after the pipe

return string.sub(s, 1, c-1) .. string.upper(string.sub(s, c, c)) .. string.sub(s, c+1)

end

local letterpos = string.find(s, '%a')

if letterpos then

local first = string.sub(s, 1, letterpos - 1)

local letter = string.sub(s, letterpos, letterpos)

local rest = string.sub(s, letterpos + 1)

return first .. string.upper(letter) .. rest

else

return s

end

end

return p