| 词条 | Monument Peak (San Bernardino County) |
| 释义 |
| name = Monument Peak | photo = | photo_caption = | elevation = 5,272 ft (1607 m) | elevation_ref = [1] | prominence_ft = | prominence_ref = | listing = | location = San Bernardino County, California, U.S. | range = San Bernardino Mountains | map = USA California | map_caption = Location in California | map_size = 200 | coordinates = {{coord|34.2458397|N|117.3533795|W|type:mountain_region:US-CA_scale:100000_source:GNIS|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | range_coordinates = | coordinates_ref = [1] | topo = USGS San Bernardino North | first_ascent = | easiest_route = }}Monument Peak is a summit in the San Bernardino Mountains, of San Bernardino County, California. It lies at an elevation of 5272 feet.[2] HistoryMonument Peak is the location where the Mohave Trail and the crossed the crest of the San Bernardino Mountains after ascending from the headwaters of the Mojave River up Sawpit Canyon and descended down the ridge between Cable Canyon and Devil Canyon to the San Bernardino Valley at the mouth of Cajon Pass. The Garces-Smith Monument is located on the summit on Forest Road 2N49. This marker indicates the path of the Mohave Indian Trail, a centuries old trade route linking the tribes of the Colorado River to those of the Pacific Ocean. It also memorializes two noted early travelers, Father Francisco Garcés, who in 1776 became the first known missionary explorer to travel across San Bernardino County and leave a written record of his experiences and Jedediah Smith, who in 1826, was the first known Anglo-American to use the Mohave Trail. A historical marker was placed on the site September 19, 1931, by the San Bernardino County Historical Society.[3] In 1829–30 Santa Fe, New Mexico, merchant Antonio Armijo led a trade party of 60 men and 100 mules to California, opening the Old Spanish Trail, following most of the route pioneered by those two pioneer explorers. Armijo did not cross over the mountains by the Mojave Trail route over Monument Peak but followed a route he called "San Bernardino Canyon" from the upper Mojave River west through Cajon Pass and down Crowder Canyon and Cajon Canyon, known to the vaqueros of the San Bernardino de Sena Estancia who had come to their aid with food.[4] References1. ^1 {{cite gnis |id=246157 |name=Monument Peak |accessdate=2015-09-27}} {{SanBernardinoCountyCA-geo-stub}}2. ^{{GNIS|246157|Monument Peak}} 3. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.sbsun.com/lifestyle/20140421/hidden-treasures-offer-historic-secrets |title='Hidden treasures' offer historic secrets |author= Nick Cataldo|newspaper=San Bernardino County Sun|date= April 21, 2014 |accessdate=2015-09-27}} 4. ^{{cite journal |author=LeRoy R. Hafen |author2=Antonio Armijo |jstor=3816035 |title=Armijo's Journal |journal=Huntington Library Quarterly |volume=11 |number=1 |date=November 1947 |pages=87–101 |doi=10.2307/3816035}} 4 : Mountains of San Bernardino County, California|Old Spanish Trail (trade route)|Mountains of Southern California|Mohave Trail |
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