1. Demographics

2. Industry
     Mining and Drilling    Manufacturing and Agriculture  

3. Agriculture

4. Infrastructure
     Transport infrastructure    Social infrastructure  

5. Climate

6. Biodiversity

7. See also

8. References

The Mountainous Shirvan Economic Region is one of many economic areas in Azerbaijan. These regions include the Agsu, Ismayilli, Gobustan, and the Shemakha regional administrative districts. This region consists of four cities, four districts, and eight settlements consisting of 106 territorial districts, and 275 settlements. The region is located in the Southeast of the Greater Caucasus. The area (6,130 km²) comprises 7% of the Republic of Azerbaijan. As of 2015, the population of the region was 304,000 people which is 3.2% of Azerbaijan's total population. The average population density of the economic region is 50 people/km². Most of the area is mountainous, and it shares borders with the Aran economic region in the south, the Sheki-Zaqatala^[1] in the northwest, the Guba-Khachmaz in the northeast, and the Absheron economic regions in the east.^[2][3]

Demographics

From 2016 to 2019, the population has increased by 8%.

Industry

Mining and Drilling

The Mountainous Shirvan Economic Region mainly exports oil, natural gas, and shale oil. The region is not rich in minerals, but there are deposits of stone, rubble, sand, limestone, and other building materials. Clay deposits in the Shamakhi, Agsu, and Ismayilli regions are of great importance to the construction industry.

Manufacturing and Agriculture

The region houses both small industries and agriculture-based industries. Small industries include carpet weaving enterprises, container producers, timber & building materials processors, and agricultural machinery repair. Agriculture-based industries include butter and cheese production, canneries, wine making, and fruit enterprises.

From 2004 to 2008, more than 250 new enterprises were started in the Mountainous Shirvan zone, creating close to 19,000 new jobs. Since 2009, the number of industrial enterprises has increased from 39 to 44.^[4]

In 2016, under the framework of the program of providing concessional loans to entrepreneurs in Azerbaijan, 30 subjects in the zone received preferential loans totaling 262,000 manat.^[5]

Agriculture

Azerbaijan's fauna is of wide variety. Within the territory of the Republic, there are around 4,100 types of vegetation. The basis of agriculture in Azerbaijan is two-fold: crop and animal production. Currently, the area gives development priority to grain, cotton, vegetables, potatoes, fruits, viticulture, tobacco, livestock breeding, poultry farming, and horse breeding. 63.1% of agricultural production in 2008 г. Crop production accounted for 36.9% for livestock. Between 1995 and 2008, the share of crop production increased by 4.5%, and the proportion of livestock fell by 4.5%.[https://actascientific.com/ASAG/pdf/ASAG-02-0149.pdf Acta Scientific Agriculture (ISSN: 2581-365X)]

Branches of agriculture include: viticulture, winemaking, livestock and grain production. Potatoes are grown in the mountainous regions, and cotton is grown on the plains. Beekeeping, sericulture, gardening, the cultivation of vegetables and fruits is well developed in the area. The area under grape cultivation is 10,324 hectares. The number of livestock reached 729,949 in 2018. A major problem in this field is the lack of fresh water.^[7]

Infrastructure

Transport infrastructure

The Baku-Tbilisi railway provides an opportunity for economic relations with the CIS countries. In addition to the railways, there are motorways in the area. The Baku-Gazakh Highway, connecting the capital of the country with the eastern regions, passes through this area.

Social infrastructure

There are secondary specific schools and branches of higher educational institutions (Shemakha branch of the State Pedagogical University and the University of Odlar Yurdu), as well as cultural institutions. Education and health, theatres and museums, are focused on in the Parea operated Pirkulinsk Observatory area. ^[8]

Climate

The typical climates of the region are semi-desert and dry slope (Gobustan), mild warm climate with dry summers (Gurjivan '* Shamakhi - Maraza plateau), moderate warm climate with dry winters (the areas with 1000 - 1200 m altitudes in the North - Eastern slopes of Great Caucasus Mountains), temperate climate with equal distribution of precipitations during the year (the Northern part of Ismayilli region and North - Western part of Shamakhi) and mountain tundra climate (Babadagh peak zone over 3000 m altitude).^[9]

Biodiversity

Semi-desert plants in the Shirvan plain zone (southern plain of Shamakhi and Agsu regions) are spread up to 200 meters altitude. The semi-desert plants in the valleys and large river valleys extend up to 400–500 meters altitude. The upper limit of a semi-desert plant reaches 300–400 meters. In the lowland and foothills, sparse forests and shrubs are spread in mountainous terrain. The low mountain-forest zone extends in the form of a narrow belt at the altitude of 500–900 meters. The forests are pale and pale-horned. There are Iberian oak, oak, and vultures. There are chestnut and chestnut oak trees in Ismayilli forests. Hawthorn, peanuts, hips, nuts, cranberries, cherries grow in these forests. Ismailli State Reserve and parts of the Shahdag National Park are located here.

See also

• Administrative divisions of Azerbaijan
• Guba-Khachmaz economic region

References

https://books.google.com/books?id=p8l0Qwl9gdcC&pg=PT198&lpg=PT198&dq=shen+tong&source=bl&ots=W4_FQGZJO5&sig=ACfU3U3sduQYwzabzFzJ8YTiaHK1DLNZ5w&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwizpc_3jMDgAhVLGpoKHTaFAw4Q6AEwW3oECBoQAQ

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