1. Numerals
     Numbers 1 to 10 and 20    Higher numbers  

2. See also

3. References
     Bibliography  

For the representation of their numbers they used hieroglyphs drawn inspired by their natural surroundings, especially toads; ata ("one") and aca ("nine") were both derived from the animals so abundant on the Bogotá savanna and other parts of the Altiplano Cundiboyacense where the Muisca lived in their confederation.

Most important scholars who provided knowledge about the Muisca numerals were Bernardo de Lugo (1619),^[1] Pedro Simón (17th century), Alexander von Humboldt and José Domingo Duquesne (late 18th and early 19th century) and Liborio Zerda.^{[3][4][5][6][7]}

Numerals

The Muisca used a vigesimal counting system and counted primarily with their fingers and secondarily with their toes. Their system went from 1 to 10 and for higher numerations they used the prefix quihicha or qhicha, which means "foot" in their Chibcha language Muysccubun. Eleven became thus "foot one", twelve: "foot two", etc. As in the other pre-Columbian civilizations, the number 20 was special. It was the total number of all body extremities; fingers and toes. The Muisca used two forms to express twenty: "foot ten"; quihícha ubchihica or their exclusive word gueta, derived from gue, which means "house". Numbers between 20 and 30 were counted gueta asaqui ata ("twenty plus one"; 21), gueta asaqui ubchihica ("twenty plus ten"; 30). Larger numbers were counted as multiples of twenty; gue-bosa ("20 times 2"; 40), gue-hisca ("20 times 5"; 100).^[3]

Numbers 1 to 10 and 20

Higher numbers

See also

• Muisca art
• Muysccubun
• Quipu - Inca numerals
• Muisca calendar
• Maya numerals

References

Bibliography

• {{cite LSA |last=Duquesne |first=José Domingo |year=1795 |title=Disertación sobre el calendario de los muyscas, indios naturales de este Nuevo Reino de Granada - Dissertation about the Muisca calendar, indigenous people of this New Kingdom of Granada |url=http://www.accefyn.org.co/proyecto/Documentos/Duquesne/Calendario.pdf |pages=1–17 |language=es |accessdate=2016-07-08}}
• {{cite LSA |last=Humboldt |first=Alexander von |year=1807 |title=Sitios de las Cordilleras y monumentos de los pueblos indígenas de América - Calendario de los indios muiscas - Parte 1 - Views of the Cordilleras and Monuments of the Indigenous Peoples of the Americas - Muisca calendar - Part 1 |url=http://www.banrepcultural.org/blaavirtual/arqueologia/sitios/sitios7a.htm |chapter=VI |publisher=Biblioteca Luis Ángel Arango |language=es |accessdate=2016-07-08}}
• {{cite LSA |last=Humboldt |first=Alexander von |year=1807 |title=Sitios de las Cordilleras y monumentos de los pueblos indígenas de América - Calendario de los indios muiscas - Parte 2|trans_title=Views of the Cordilleras and Monuments of the Indigenous Peoples of the Americas - Muisca calendar - Part 2 |url=http://www.banrepcultural.org/blaavirtual/arqueologia/sitios/sitios7b.htm |chapter=VI |publisher=Biblioteca Luis Ángel Arango |language=es |accessdate=2016-07-08}}
• {{cite LSA |last=Humboldt |first=Alexander von |year=1807 |title=Sitios de las Cordilleras y monumentos de los pueblos indígenas de América - Calendario de los indios muiscas - Parte 3|trans_title=Views of the Cordilleras and Monuments of the Indigenous Peoples of the Americas - Muisca calendar - Part 3 |url=http://www.banrepcultural.org/blaavirtual/arqueologia/sitios/sitios7c.htm |chapter=VI |publisher=Biblioteca Luis Ángel Arango |language=es |accessdate=2016-07-08}}
• {{cite LSA |last=Izquierdo Peña |first=Manuel Arturo |year=2009 |title=The Muisca Calendar: An approximation to the timekeeping system of the ancient native people of the northeastern Andes of Colombia |url=https://arxiv.org/pdf/0812.0574v3.pdf |pages=1–170 |publisher=Université de Montréal |accessdate=2016-07-08}}
• {{cite LSA |last=Zerda |first=Liborio |year=1947 (1883) |title=El Dorado |url=http://www.banrepcultural.org/sites/default/files/87219/brblaa302323.pdf |language=es |accessdate=2016-07-08}}

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