| 词条 | African olive pigeon |
| 释义 |
| name = African olive pigeon | status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = [1] | image = Pigeon African Olive 2011 09 19 07 51 51 6049 crop.jpg | genus = Columba | species = arquatrix | authority = Temminck, 1808 | range_map = African_Olive_Pigeon_Distribution.jpg | range_map_caption = {{legend0|#C23734|distribution|outline=gray}} }} The African olive pigeon or Rameron pigeon (Columba arquatrix) is a pigeon which is a resident breeding bird in much of eastern and southern Africa from Ethiopia to the Cape. Populations also are found in western Angola, southwestern Saudi Arabia and northern Yemen. It is locally common, although sizeable gaps in its distribution occur due to its habitat requirements. DescriptionThe adult male African olive pigeon is a large pigeon at {{convert|37|to|42|cm|in|abbr=on}} in length and a weight of {{convert|300|to|450|g|oz|abbr=on}}.[2][3][4] Its back and wings are maroon, with the shoulders heavily speckled with white spots. The underparts are maroon with heavy white spotting, and the head is grey with yellow patches around the eye, and a yellow bill. The neck plumage, used in display, is streaked maroon and white, the underwing and undertail are dark grey, and the feet are yellow. Females are very similar but somewhat duller. Juvenile birds have the maroon and grey replaced with dark brown, the bare parts are a dull greenish-yellow, and the wing feathers have pale fringes. In flight, this pigeon looks very dark. Its flight is quick, with the regular beats and an occasional sharp flick of the wings which are characteristic of pigeons in general. The call is a loud coo coo. HabitatThis is a species of cool, moist forest canopies above 1,400 m altitude, although it occurs locally as low as 700 m. It will use mountain fynbos, second growth, and clearings, and feed on agricultural land when not persecuted. BehaviourBreedingThe African olive pigeon builds a large stick nest up to 15 m high in a tree and lays one (rarely two) white eggs. The eggs are incubated for 17–20 days to hatching, and the chicks fledge in another 20 days. The male has a display consisting of deep bows, and a display flight which consists of a climb, wing clapping, and slow glide down. FeedingThe African olive pigeon feeds on fruit and berries, mainly picked in the canopy, but it will also descend for fallen fruit and take some insects and caterpillars. In the south of its range, it favours the fruit of a highly invasive plant, the bugweed, Solanum mauritianum. Birds fly considerable distances from their roosts to feeding areas, and young or nonbreeding birds form flocks. Geophagy has been observed in this species.[5]GalleryReferences1. ^{{IUCN|id=22690145 |title=Columba arquatrix |assessor=BirdLife International |assessor-link=BirdLife International |version=2013.2 |year=2012 |accessdate=26 November 2013}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.waza.org/en/zoo/choose-a-species/birds/doves-and-pigeons-columbiformes/columba-arquatrix |title=Rameron (African olive) pigeon - Columba arquatrix : WAZA : World Association of Zoos and Aquariums |publisher=WAZA |date= |accessdate=2012-08-24}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.thekruger.com/knpbirds/columbaarquatrix.htm |title=African Olive Pigeon (Columba arquatrix fam. columbidae) Kruger Park Birds & Birding |publisher=Thekruger.com |date=2010-09-15 |accessdate=2012-08-24}} 4. ^Field Guide to the Birds of East Africa: Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi by Stevenson & Fanshawe. Elsevier Science (2001), {{ISBN|978-0856610790}} 5. ^{{cite book|last1=Dean|first1=W. R. J.|editor1-last=Hockey|editor1-first=P.A.R.|editor2-last=Dean|editor2-first=W. R. J.|editor3-last=Ryan|editor3-first=P. G.|title=Roberts Birds of Southern Africa|date=2005|publisher=Trustees of the John Voelcker Bird Book Fund|location=Cape Town|isbn=0620340533|edition=7th|chapter=African Olive Pigeon|page=278}}
External links
4 : Columba (genus)|Birds of Africa|Birds of Sub-Saharan Africa|Birds described in 1808 |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。