| 词条 | Afroinsectiphilia |
| 释义 |
| fossil_range = {{fossil_range|59|0|Late Paleocene - Recent}} | image = Tanrek.jpg | image_caption = Tailless tenrec | taxon = Afroinsectiphilia | subdivision_ranks =Orders | subdivision =
}} The Afroinsectiphilia (African insectivores) is a clade that has been proposed based on the results of recent molecular phylogenetic studies.[1] Many of the taxa within it were once regarded as part of the order Insectivora, but Insectivora is now considered to be polyphyletic and obsolete. This proposed classification is based on molecular studies only, and there is no morphological evidence for it.[2] The golden moles, otter shrews and tenrecs are part of this clade. Some also regard the elephant shrews and aardvarks as part of it, although these two orders were traditionally seen as primitive ungulates. The sister group of the Afroinsectiphilia is the Paenungulata, which were also traditionally regarded as ungulates. If the clade of Afrotheria is genuine, then the Afroinsectiphilia are the closest relatives of the Pseudungulata (here regarded as part of Afroinsectiphilia) and the Paenungulata. In a classification governed by morphological data, both the Pseudungulata and Paenungulata are seen as true ungulates, thus not related to Afroinsectiphilia. However, DNA research is thought to provide a more fundamental classification. Additionally, there might be some dental synapomorphies uniting afroinsectiphilians: p4 talonid and trigonid of similar breadth, a prominent p4 hypoconid, presence of a P4 metacone and absence of parastyles on M1–2. Additional features uniting ptolemaiidans and tubulidentates specifically include hypsodont molars that wear down to a flat surface; a long and shallow mandible with an elongated symphyseal region; and trigonids and talonids that are separated by lateral constrictions.[3][4] Taxonomic tree
References1. ^{{Cite journal | last1 = Asher | first1 = R. J. | last2 = Bennett | first2 = N. | last3 = Lehmann | first3 = T. | doi = 10.1002/bies.200900053 | title = The new framework for understanding placental mammal evolution | journal = BioEssays | volume = 31 | issue = 8 | pages = 853–864 | date = 2009-07-06| pmid = 19582725| pmc =| ref = harv}} 2. ^{{cite book|title=The Rise of Placental Mammals: Origins and Relationships of the Major Extant Clades|first1=Kenneth David |last1=Rose|first2= J. David |last2=Archibald|publisher=JHU Press|year= 2005|isbn=0-8018-8022-X|page=65}} 3. ^{{cite journal |vauthors=Cote S, Werdelin L, Seiffert ER, Barry JC |title=Additional material of the enigmatic Early Miocene mammal Kelba and its relationship to the order Ptolemaiida |journal=Proc Natl Acad Sci USA |volume=104 |issue=13 |pages=5510–5 |date=March 2007 |pmid=17372202 |pmc=1838468 |doi=10.1073/pnas.0700441104 |bibcode = 2007PNAS..104.5510C }} 4. ^{{cite journal|last=Seiffert|first=Erik R|title=A new estimate of afrotherian phylogeny based on simultaneous analysis of genomic, morphological, and fossil evidence|journal=BMC Evolutionary Biology|year=2007|volume=7|issue=1|pages=224|doi=10.1186/1471-2148-7-224|url=http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/7/224|pmid=17999766|pmc=2248600}} 5. ^{{Cite journal | doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0059614| pmid=23555726| pmc=3608660|title = A Molecular Phylogeny of Plesiorycteropus Reassigns the Extinct Mammalian Order 'Bibymalagasia'| journal=PLOS ONE| volume=8| issue=3| pages=e59614|year = 2013|last1 = Buckley|first1 = Michael}} 2 : Mammals of Africa|Phylogenetics |
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