1. History
    Early years  Conception  Opening 

2. Aquino Assassination

3. Capacity breach

4. The terminal today

5. Asia and World's Worst Airport list, rehabilitation

6. Operations
     Airlines and Destinations  

7. References

Ninoy Aquino International Airport Terminal 1 (NAIA 1), in Paranaque City, Metro Manila, Philippines, (also known as Ninoy Aquino Terminal), is an airport terminal at Ninoy Aquino International Airport, the main serving Manila and its surrounding metropolitan area. Located along the border between the cities of Pasay and Parañaque. Opened in 1981, it has an area of {{convert|67000|m2|sqft}} and is the first higher-capacity airport terminal in the Philippines and the second oldest-terminal in the NAIA complex (the first oldest being Terminal 4 or the Manila Domestic Passenger Terminal). Terminal 1 is currently used by major international airlines flying to Manila.

The terminal has a design capacity of 4.5 million passengers per year^[1] but was further expanded to accommodate 6 million passengers.

History

Early years

After the original structure of Manila International Airport was destroyed by fire on January 22, 1972, a slightly smaller terminal was designed by Philippine National Artist for Architecture, Leandro Locsin, Sr. and his firm L.V. Locsin and Associates. This airport terminal would serve as Manila International Airport's main terminal from that year until 1981.

Conception

The development of the Manila International Airport was finally approved through the promulgation of Executive Order No. 381, which authorized the airport's development. In 1973, a feasibility study/airport master plan was done by Airways Engineering Corporation through a US$29.6 million loan from the Asian Development Bank.^[2] The Detailed Engineering Design of the New Manila International Airport Development Project was done by Renardet-Sauti/Transplan/F.F. Cruz Consultant while the terminal's Detailed brutalist Architectural Design was prepared by Leandro Locsin's L.V. Locsin and Associates.^[3]

The detailed designs were adopted by the Philippine Government on 1974 and was subsequently approved by the Asian Development Bank on September 18, 1975. The government chose an area close to the original site of the old Manila Airport, settling in on a spot at the airport complex which was on a land governed by Parañaque City, which was then a municipality of Metro Manila. Actual work on the terminal began during the second quarter of 1978.

Opening

The terminal was completed in 1981 and began operations in 1982. On April 2 the same year, a PAL Boeing 747-200B arriving from San Francisco via Honolulu became the first aircraft to dock at the terminal. During its heyday, Terminal 1 was deemed as one of the world's most modern airports.

Aquino Assassination

August 21, 1983 would be known not only to the Philippines and the whole world but also to the airport as a dark day of history.

China Airlines Flight 811 was a regularly scheduled flight from Taipei to Manila. On the said August day, the flight utilized a Boeing 767-200 with the registration B-1836. Onboard this flight was Benigno S. Aquino, Jr., known by the nickname, Ninoy. Upon landing in Manila, the aircraft docked at Gate 8 (the present-day Gate 11), Aviation Security Command (AVSECOM) personnel escorted him out of the plane to the tarmac where a van owned by the agency awaited him. A single gunshot was heard, which was then identified as the shot that killed Aquino. A few more shots burst out, killing the alleged assassin, Rolando Galman. Seconds later, a barrage of gunfire erupted, causing chaos in both the plane and the terminal. The body of Ninoy and Galman lay dead on the tarmac; the latter's body was loaded to the van which sped away.

Four years after the incident, the airport was given its present name by virtue of Republic Act No. 6639. A body mark of Ninoy's assassination is on display at the departure parking lot while the spot at Gate 8 where he lay has a plaque memorializing it.

Capacity breach

In 1989, a Master Plan Review recommended the construction of two new terminals (NAIA 2 and NAIA 3), as well as many other facility improvements.^[3]

The terminal reached capacity in 1991, when it registered a total passenger volume of 4.53 million. Since 1991, the terminal has been over capacity and has been recording an annual average growth rate of 11%,^[3] but improvements to the airport increased its capacity to 6 million passengers yearly.^[4]

The terminal today

The terminal currently serves foreign carriers operating in Manila, except for All Nippon Airways, Cathay Pacific, Delta Air Lines, Emirates, KLM, Qantas, Qatar Airways, Singapore Airlines, Turkish Airlines and United Airlines. It also serves Philippine Airlines flights to and from the Canada (Toronto and Vancouver) and Middle East, except Dubai flights.^[5]

Asia and World's Worst Airport list, rehabilitation

Compared to international terminals in other Asian countries, Terminal 1 has consistently ranked at the bottom due to limited and outdated facilities, poor passenger comfort, and crowding (the Terminal has been operating above designed capacity for decades now).^[6] From 2011 to 2013, Terminal 1 was on the list of worst airports in Asia and the world by the travel website "The Guide to Sleeping In Airports", ranking on number one.^[7] In this regard, transport authorities plan to give Terminal 1 a makeover; the plans were approved by President Benigno Aquino III. The makeover and upgrade includes the expansion of the arrival area, addition of parking spaces, and improvement of other terminal facilities.^[8]

The Transportation and Communications Department previously announced that as soon as Terminal 3 becomes fully operational, Terminal 1 was eyed by Cebu Pacific with the intention rehabilitating the terminal into an "Airport City" and serve as an exclusive terminal for their aircraft.^[9]

Terminal 1 started renovation on January 23, 2014 to upgrade and modernize the 32-year-old passenger terminal building and to be finalized and operational by May 2015.^[10][11] Divided into six phases with 40% completion on December 16, 2014,^[12] renovations include the installation of buckling restrained braces to strengthen the structural integrity of the building, and a much-needed facelift in the interior design of the terminal.^[13] Five international airlines, which are Delta Air Lines, KLM, Emirates, Singapore Airlines, and Cathay Pacific, have transferred to Terminal 3 from August 1 to October 1, 2014 in an effort to decongest the terminal.^[14] Both United Airlines and Qantas are relocated to Terminal 3 from Terminal 1 on October 28, 2018.^[15] Middle Eastern carriers Qatar Airways was also relocated to Terminal 3 on December 1, 2018, while Turkish Airlines is scheduled to transfer to Terminal 3 on January 1, 2019.^[16]

Operations

Terminal 1 is the terminal of foreign airlines like Air China, Japan Airlines, and Etihad Airways are one of the airlines operating the terminal. It is also the terminal of Philippine Airlines for Phnom Penh, Hanoi, Auckland, New York, Canada and Middle East (except Dubai) flights.

Airlines and Destinations

References

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• Akiva Vroman
• Akiva Yaglom
• Aki Ville Yrjana
• Aki Ville Yrjänä
• Akiwumi
• Akiya
• Akiyama (disambiguation)
• Akiyama, M.
• Akiyama Mio
• Akiyama mio
• Akiyama Rina
• Akiyama Ryo
• Akiyama Shinichi
• Akiyama Shin'ichi
• Akiyama Station
• Akiyama Tadasuke
• Akiyamatakashi
• Akiyama-Tanigawa algorithm
• Akiyama Tokino
• Akiyama Toyohiro