“N,N-Dimethylphenethylamine”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

N,N-Dimethylphenethylamine (N,N-DMPEA) is a substituted phenethylamine that is used as a flavoring agent. It is an alkaloid that was first isolated from the orchid Eria jarensis.^[1] Its aroma is described as "sweet, fishy". It is mainly used in cereal, cheese, dairy products, fish, fruit and meat.^[2] It is also being used in pre-workout and bodybuilding supplements with claims of a stimulant effect.^[3]{{unreliable source?|date=October 2016}}

There is also evidence suggesting that N,N-DMPEA acts as a TAAR1 agonist in humans,^[4] and as a 5-HT1A ligand in rats. Some less conclusive research also indicated that it had interaction with MAO-B, most likely as an enzyme substrate and not an inhibitor.^[5]

Safety

N,N-DMPEA has been found to be safe for use as a flavoring agent by the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA) Expert Panel^[6] and also by the Joint Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA)^[7]—a collaboration between the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Health Organization.^[8]

References

1. ^{{Cite journal | author = K. Hedman, K. Leander and B. Luning | journal = Acta Chem. Scand. | volume = 23 | pages = 3261 | date = 1969 | doi = 10.3891/acta.chem.scand.23-3261 | title = Studies on Orchidaceae Alkaloids. XV. Phenethylamines from Eria jarensis Ames}}
2. ^{{cite book|title=Fenaroli's Handbook of Flavor Ingredients, Sixth Edition|author=Burdock, G.A.|date=2016|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=9781420090864|url=https://books.google.hu/books?id=pUEqBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA499#v=onepage|page=499|accessdate=2016-09-13}}
3. ^{{Cite web|url=https://blog.priceplow.com/eria-jarensis-extract-n-phenethyl-dimethylamine|title=Eria Jarensis Extract / N-phenethyl dimethylamine: The Next Big Thing?|website=blog.priceplow.com|access-date=2016-10-05}}
4. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Wainscott DB, Little SP, Yin T, Tu Y, Rocco VP, He JX, Nelson DL | title = Pharmacologic characterization of the cloned human trace amine-associated receptor1 (TAAR1) and evidence for species differences with the rat TAAR1 | journal = The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics | volume = 320 | issue = 1 | pages = 475–485 | date = January 2007 | pmid = 17038507 | doi = 10.1124/jpet.106.112532 | url = http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/320/1/475.long]}}
5. ^{{Cite web|url=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/N_N-Dimethylphenethylamine#section=Biological-Test-Results|title=N,N-Dimethylphenethylamine {{!}} C10H15N - PubChem|last=Pubchem|website=pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov|access-date=2016-10-05}}
6. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.femaflavor.org/flavor-library/nn-dimethylphenethylamine|title=Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA) GRAS Flavoring Substances 22|website=www.femaflavor.org|access-date=2019-01-14}}
7. ^{{Cite web|url=http://apps.who.int/food-additives-contaminants-jecfa-database/chemical.aspx?chemID=4513|title=Evaluations of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA)|website=apps.who.int|access-date=2019-01-14}}
8. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.fao.org/food/food-safety-quality/scientific-advice/jecfa/en/|title=The Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA)|website=www.fao.org|access-date=2019-01-14| quote =The Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) is an international expert scientific committee that is administered jointly by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Health Organization (WHO).}}