| 词条 | North Main Street (Cork) |
| 释义 |
| name = North Main Street | native_name = An Phríomhshráid Thuaidh | native_name_lang = | image = North Main Street (geograph 4749428).jpg | caption = North Main Street in 2015 | image_size = | image_alt = | former_names = | namesake = | location = Cork, Ireland | coordinates = | junction = North Gate Bridge, Shandon Street, Washington Street, South Main Street, Castle Street | known_for = | status = | length_m = 392 }} North Main Street (Irish: An Phríomhshráid Thuaidh), is a street and retail area in Cork City, Ireland. HistoryMedieval Cork City was separated in two by channels of the River Lee, with the northern part of the main street being the North Main Street and the southern island containing the South Main Street, both of which were connected by a bridge built in 1190.[1] It is not believed that North Main Street was extensively inhabited until the 13th century, following the walling of the northern island in sandstone, after which it became the main street of medieval Cork. At this time, the population of the walled city consisted primarily of Anglo-Norman merchant families.[2][3] Property on North Main Street was divided into strips running perpendicular to the street, known as burgage plots.[1]A number of archaeological excavations of the area have revealed the remains of houses which were Anglo-Norman in style, made mainly of timber and wattle. The building of houses from timber posed a fire risk, and declined after May 1622, when a lightning strike on North Main Street resulted in a loss of 1500 houses in the city.[2] Other 20th century excavations focused on Skiddy's Castle, a 15th century tower house which became a gunpowder magazine for a period, prior to its demolition in the late 18th century.[4][5][6] At the top of the North Main street in medieval Cork was the North Gate Bridge and adjacent North Gate Castle, which later saw use as a jail.[7][8] The street was also the principal street of the parish of St. Peter's,[9] the parish church now in use as the Cork Vision Centre.[2] In the 1820s, St Patrick's Street began to overtake North Main Street as the primary business street of the city.[10] Slum clearances were conducted around North Main Street in the 1850s and late 1870s, the former "cosmetic rather than socially ameliorative," the latter as part of a rehousing initiative.[11] A number of businesses on North Main Street were destroyed by fire during the Burning of Cork in December 1920.[12] Later developmentNorth Main street has undergone some redevelopment in the late 20th and early 21st centuries, with the construction of a cinema, apartment blocks and a shopping centre. A heritage conservation project was carried out on the street in the mid-1990s.[13] The street was also included in the "Painting and Facade Scheme" in 2016, which received grant aid from Cork City Council to give incentive to building owners in some parts of the city centre to paint their buildings.[14][15] A number of groups, including the 'North Main Street Traders’ Association', have advocated further initiatives to 'rejuvenate' the street - following 'a decline' in commercial activity in the early 21st century.[16][17][18] References1. ^1 {{cite web|title=Medieval City of Cork > About Cork > CorkCity.ie|url=http://www.corkcity.ie/aboutcork/historyofcork/medievalcityofcork/|website=www.corkcity.ie|accessdate=10 October 2017|language=en}} 2. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=Cork Heritage » 2b. Life in Medieval Cork|url=http://corkheritage.ie/?page_id=837|website=corkheritage.ie|accessdate=10 October 2017}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=The Walls of Cork > About Cork > - CorkCity.ie|url=http://www.corkcity.ie/aboutcork/historyofcork/thewallsofcork/|website=www.corkcity.ie|accessdate=10 October 2017|language=en}} 4. ^{{cite web|url = http://www.corkpastandpresent.ie/mapsimages/corkphotographs/michaelolearycollection/skiddyscastle/ | publisher = Cork City Libraries | work = Cork Past & Present | title = Skiddy's Castle | accessdate = 25 November 2017 | quote = Skiddy's Castle stood near the junction of present-day Adelaide Street and the North Main Street [.and.] after 1601 it [..] was used as a gunpowder magazine [.before.] most of the building was demolished in the late 1770s}} 5. ^{{cite magazine|url = http://www.historyireland.com/vikings/viking-cork/ | publisher = History Ireland | title = Viking Cork | date = November 2010 | issue = 6 | volume = 18 |author = Henry A. Jefferies | quote = Between 1974 and 1977 Dermot Twohig of UCC supervised major archaeological excavations at Skiddy’s Castle, off North Main Street }} 6. ^{{cite book |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=dT9IAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA368&lpg=PA368&dq=skiddys+castle+cork&source=bl&ots=LnVMxCl-Jd&sig=YUCFNUVUO8tiM0fbKjsCS_wvC1U&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjN34XSvNjXAhXLJMAKHVpVDp04FBDoAQgyMAM#v=onepage&q=skiddys%20castle%20cork&f=false | page = 368 | title = The Ancient and Present State of the County and City of Cork (Volume 1) | date = 1815 | publisher = John Connor | place = Cork | author = Charles Smith }} 7. ^{{cite web|title=North Main Street - Cork Past & Present|url=http://www.corkpastandpresent.ie/mapsimages/corkphotographs/corkcameraclubhistoricalphotos/northmainstreet/|website=www.corkpastandpresent.ie|accessdate=10 October 2017|language=en}} 8. ^{{cite web|title=North Main Street Cork - The Marsh Cork {{!}} Cork City Centre|url=http://corkcitycentre.ie/northmainstreet/|website=Cork City Centre|accessdate=10 October 2017}} 9. ^{{cite web|last1=Lewis|first1=Kae|title=The Historical Records of Cork, Ireland|url=http://www.corkrecords.com/StPetersParish.htm|website=www.corkrecords.com|accessdate=10 October 2017}} 10. ^{{cite web|title=Historic Outline - Cork Past & Present| url=http://www.corkpastandpresent.ie/places/stpatricksstreet/historicoutline/|website=www.corkpastandpresent.ie|accessdate=10 October 2017|language=en}} 11. ^{{cite book |last1= Cronin |first1= Maura |date= |year=2005 |chapter= Place, Class and Politics |editor1-last= Crowley |editor1-first= John |editor2-last= Devoy |editor2-first= Robert |editor3-last= Linehan |editor3-first= Denis |editor4-last= O'Flanagan |editor4-first= Patrick |display-editors= |title= Atlas of Cork City |location= |publisher= Cork University Press|page=205 |isbn=978-1-85918-380-9}} 12. ^{{cite book| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=tZLV7wH2qe4C&pg=PA79&dq=%22North+Main+Street%22+burning&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=%22North%20Main%20Street%22%20burning&f=false | title = The Burning of Cork | date = 2006 | authors = Gerry White, Brendan O'Shea | publisher = Mercier Press | isbn = 9781856355223 | page = 79 }} 13. ^{{cite book |last1= Mansergh |first1= Nicholas |date= |year=2005 |chapter= Planning and Development |editor1-last= Crowley |editor1-first= John |editor2-last= Devoy |editor2-first= Robert |editor3-last= Linehan |editor3-first= Denis |editor4-last= O'Flanagan |editor4-first= Patrick |display-editors= |title= Atlas of Cork City |location= |publisher= Cork University Press|pages=408, 426 |isbn=978-1-85918-380-9}} 14. ^{{cite web|title=Council urged to expand painting grant initiative|url=http://www.irishexaminer.com/ireland/council-urged-to-expand-painting-grant-initiative-254326.html|accessdate=10 October 2017|date=6 January 2014}} 15. ^{{cite web|title=Painting and Facade Scheme {{!}} Cork City Centre|url=http://corkcitycentre.ie/painting-and-facade-scheme/|website=Cork City Centre|accessdate=10 October 2017}} 16. ^{{cite web|url = http://www.irishexaminer.com/video/news/raft-of-changes-urged-to-reinvigorate-historic-cork-street-430730.html | publisher = Irish Examiner | date = 16 November 2016 | title = Raft of changes urged to reinvigorate historic Cork street |accessdate = 25 November 2017 }} 17. ^{{cite web|url = https://www.ucc.ie/en/media/academic/programmeinplanningandsustainabledevelopment/NorthMainStreetPlanningStudyFinal-1.pdf | publisher = UCC Centre for Planning Education & Research | title = North Main Street Planning Study | date = 2016 | accessdate = 25 November 2017 }} 18. ^{{cite web|url = http://www.eveningecho.ie/corknews/City-Hall-hits-back-at-Smiddy-saying-his-criticisms-are-not-credible-1661def6-9bd4-45da-85e3-58e37adc83ba-ds | title = City Hall hits back at Smiddy saying his criticisms are not credible | publisher = Evening Echo | date = 31 August 2017 | accessdate = 25 November 2017 }} 1 : Streets in Cork (city) |
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