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词条 No Wonder (sternwheeler)
释义

  1. Construction

     Design  Nomenclature  Engineering  Dimensions 

  2. Operations under original owners

     Logging work  Mate injured  Complaint 

  3. Operations with Shaver Transportation Company

     Struck snag and sunk  Collision with T.J. Potter  Reconstruction  Grounding in the Columbia Gorge 

  4. Later years

     Charter to Hosfords  Loss of a watchman 

  5. Disposition

  6. Notes

  7. References

     Printed sources  On-line newspaper collections 
{{Infobox ship image
Ship image=No Wonder at Ostrander WA.jpgShip caption= Steamer No Wonder at Ostrander, Washington.
}}{{Infobox ship career		Hide header=Ship name=Ship owner=Ship operator=Ship registry=Ship route= Willamette. Columbia, and Cowlitz riversShip ordered=Ship builder=Ship original cost=Ship yard number=Ship way number=Ship laid down=Ship launched=Ship completed=Ship christened=Ship acquired=Ship maiden voyage=Ship in service= 1889Ship out of service= 1930Ship identification= U.S. # 130458Ship fate= AbandonedShip status=Ship notes=
}}{{Infobox ship characteristics		Hide header=Header caption=Ship class= riverine all-purposeShip tonnage= 269.66 gross tons; 235.30 registered tonsShip displacement=135.3|ft|m|1|abbr=on}} over hull (exclusive of fantail)27.8|ft|m|1|abbr=on}} over hull (exclusive of guardsShip height=Ship draught=Ship draft=5.6|ft|6|in|m|2|abbr=on}}Ship decks=Ship deck clearance=Ship ramps=Ship ice class=Ship sail plan=16|in|mm|1|abbr=on}} and stroke of {{convert|84|ft|m|2|abbr=on}}, 17 nominal horsepowerShip propulsion=stern-wheelShip speed=Ship capacity=Ship crew= Thirteen (13).Ship notes=
}}

No Wonder was a stern-wheel driven steamboat that operated on the Willamette, Columbia and Cowlitz rivers from 1889 to 1930. No Wonder was originally built in 1877 as Wonder, which was dismantled in 1888, with components being shifted over to a new hull, which when launched in late 1889 was called No Wonder.

No Wonder served almost entirely in the logging and towing trade until it was abandoned in 1930. No Wonder was sometimes referred to as the Wonder during its operational career.[1]

Construction

No Wonder was built in East Portland, Oregon, in 1889, just above the landing of the Jefferson Street ferry.[2][3] The original owner was the Willamette Steam Mills & Lumbering Company.[3] Construction was supervised by Capt. Frank B. Turner (b.1859).[3] David Stephenson (b.1835), a native of St. John, New Brunswick, was the actual builder.[4]

Design

No Wonder was built as a replacement boat by Captain Turner for the steamer Wonder.[5] Wonder had been built in 1877 by George Washington Weidler (commonly known as “Old Man Weidler”) as the first log-towing steamer on the Willamette River.[6][9]

Components of Wonder were salvaged and installed on the new hull, which was named No Wonder.[5][7] The new steamer was fitted with special equipment for handling log tows.[3]

Nomenclature

The joke circulating about the old Wonder was that it had received that have because everyone was wondering where Captain Turner had obtained the money to build the boat.[5][9][8] The name No Wonder was chosen apparently as a response.[5][9]

Engineering

No Wonder was driven by a stern-wheel, which was turned by twin steam engines, horizontally mounted, each with bore of {{convert|16|in|mm|1|abbr=on}} and stroke of {{convert|84|ft|m|2|abbr=on}}, generating 17 nominal horsepower.[9]No Wonder was equipped with steam steering gear, an invention which Captain Turner had patented in 1888.[10] No Wonder was reported to be the best equipped logging towboat on the Columbia River.[11] The boiler, as of 1910, was reported to carry 100 pounds of steam pressure.[12] As built, No Wonder had a wood-fired boiler.[13]No Wonder required a crew of 13 to run the boat.[23]

Dimensions

No Wonder was {{convert|135.3|ft|m|1|abbr=on}} over hull (exclusive of fantail), with a beam of {{convert|27.8|ft|m|1|abbr=on}} over hull (exclusive of guards and depth of hold of {{convert|5.6|ft|6|in|m|2|abbr=on}}.[2] The overall size of the vessel was 269.66 gross tons and 235.30 registered tons.[2] The official merchant vessel registry number was 130458.[2]

Operations under original owners

In April 1890, one J. Ordway was reported to be the principal owner of No Wonder.[14] Capt Frank Turner remained in charge of No Wonder until 1893, with W.H. Marshall (b.1853) as chief engineer.[3] After 1893, and up to at least 1895, Capt. Charles Spinner (b.1849) was in command.[3]

Logging work

In February 1890, a flood washed away 4,000,000 board feet of logs belong to the Willamette Steam Mills.[1] About 3,000,000 board feet of these logs were recovered.[1] In two days in late February, No Wonder, under Captain Turner, working as far downriver as Clifton, recovered 1,900 logs, paying one dollar apiece for them.[1]

On June 29, 1890, No Wonder, under Capt. James Whitcomb, master, departed up the Columbia River with a tow of logs from the Lewis and Clark River, comprising over one-half million board feet of lumber.[15]

Mate injured

On February 20, 1890, the mate of No Wonder, Kane Olney, was serious injured in a towing accident.[16] The accident occurred about on the Columbia River, about a mile upriver from Cathlamet, Washington.[16] Captain Turner was in command at that time.[16] The steamer was using its donkey steam engine to haul logs out of the water onto the bank.[16] The mate was out of boat on the bank when one of the irons used to secure the pulling chain to the logs snapped loose from the log, striking the mate in the left temple, breaking his skull and exposing his brain.[16]

Olney was taken on board No Wonder, and the steamer proceeded downstream as fast as possible, reaching Astoria two hours later, where the mate was taken to the hospital.[16] As of midnight, he was still alive, but it was reported that “two spoonfuls of the brain matter exuded” from his skull.[16] Olney survived however, and lived to command other river steamers before his death in September 1936.[17]

Complaint

On April 24, 1890, F.B. Jones, owner of the sternwheeler Maria, filed an affidavit with the U.S. Steamboat Inspector’s office, alleging that the day before, No Wonder, while towing logs on the Columbia River, had crowded the Maria, also towing logs, into a dangerous position from which it took three hours time to extricate the steamer.[14]

Operations with Shaver Transportation Company

In October 1897, No Wonder was sold to the Shaver Transportation Company.[11] No Wonder had been lying idle since the Willamette Steam Mills had burned.[11] Shaver Transportation intended for No Wonder to take the place of Sarah Dixon.[11] Sarah Dixon had been built primarily for passenger work, but was being employed as a towboat by Shaver.[11]

With the acquisition of No Wonder, Shaver intended to return the Sarah Dixon to passenger work on the run from Portland to The Dalles, Oregon, but only after a haul-out and some extensive repairs.[11]

Struck snag and sunk

On October 11, 1902, on the Cowlitz River, No Wonder ran upon a snag while towing a raft of cottonwood logs.[18] This tore a hole in the hull about 6 to 8 inches wide and 6 to 8 feet long.[18] The captain immediately cast off the tow, and headed to the opposite side of the Columbia River, where he beached the vessel at Rainier, Oregon.[18] On the night of Saturday, October 11, 1902, Captain Shaver departed Portland on the Sarah Dixon to investigate the damage. He was expected to return on Sunday, gather up a salvage crew and equipment, and return on the Dixon that Monday.[18]

Collision with T.J. Potter

On the afternoon of Tuesday, January 26, 1909, No Wonder sank as a result of a collision with the large side-wheel steamer T.J. Potter.[19] The incident occurred near the mouth of the Willamette River, near Gillihan, in a thick fog.[19][54] Running under Capt. Fred Stimson, No Wonder was towing a raft of boom logs, and, upon approaching the Potter, gave two blasts of the steam whistle.[19] Stimson heard no reply from the Potter.[19] The two steamers collided, and the hull of No Wonder, which sustained heavy damage in the forward part, began to fill with water.[19] Captain Stimson immediately headed No Wonder in towards the river bank, where he grounded the vessel, after which the crew of 13 escaped unharmed.[19] The after part of No Wonder sank below the surface of the water.

The collision was investigated on February 1, 1909 by the U.S. Steamboat Inspection Service.[20] There was no damage to the T.J. Potter.[20] Damage to No Wonder was estimated at $300.[20] As a result of the investigation, the license of Harry Haslam, acting pilot on the Potter, was suspended for 30 days.[20] Captain Stimson, of No Wonder, was exonerated.[20]

Reconstruction

In October 1910, the boiler of the Dixon, which generated steam at 160 pounds pressure (or 200 pounds according to another source[64]) was installed into No Wonder, replacing the old boiler, which produced only 100 pounds of steam pressure.[12] (The Dixon received a new boiler.[12])

At the same time, the hull of the No Wonder was substantially rebuilt from amidships back to the stern, where new cylinder timbers were installed.[21] The stern-wheel had to be lifted out of place for this work to be done.[21]

On the morning of December 10, 1910, No Wonder was back in the water following reconstruction. That day, crewmen heard the cries of an inebriated man, who had fallen off the dock at the foot of Everett Street into the Willamette River.[22] Frank Watts and Burle Campbell launched a rowboat from No Wonder, and found Norman clinging to a piling, where they were able to rescue him.[22]

Grounding in the Columbia Gorge

On Wednesday, October 25, 1911, No Wonder went aground on the middle Columbia river at Prindle’s Landing, near Cape Horn, where the steamer had stopped to pick up a log tow.[23] The Shaver stern-wheeler Wauna was initially sent to the scene to assist No Wonder, and later, on Saturday, October 28, Capt. “Dell” Shaver went himself with Sarah Dixon to assist Wauna.[23] The wind was blowing hard from the east, which seemed to be pushing the water away from the area where No Wonder was stranded, making it harder to refloat the vessel.[23] A report was that the east wind was blowing so hard that it was almost impossible to stand on the forward deck of Wauna approaching Cape Horn.[23]

Wauna was able to extricate No Wonder that Saturday night, by backing towards the stranded boat, while spinning the stern-wheel at full speed, and thereby making a channel deep enough for No Wonder to pass through.[24]

Later years

From September 1916 to April 1917, No Wonder was out of service (except for two days) due to a decline in the need for transport of logs.[25]

Charter to Hosfords

In 1917, the Hosford Transportation Company needed another steamer to handle a surfeit of logs, so they chartered No Wonder from Shaver Transportation.[26] In early November 1917 the Hosfords returned No Wonder to Shaver Transportation.[26]

Loss of a watchman

Watchman D.W. Fairclaugh went missing from No Wonder in on the night of Tuesday, December 7, 1920.[27] The steamer was then in the vicinity of St. Helens, Oregon. Fairclaugh had been feeling ill, and been placed in his bunk by the crew.[27] The next morning his bunk was empty and he was not found on the boat.[27] The surmise was that he had fallen overboard during the night and drowned.[27] Fairclaugh was 55 years old and a resident of Portland, Oregon.[27]

On the afternoon of December 18, 1920, a body was found by the Coast Guard crew on the sand spit near Fort Canby.[28] The body was believed to be that of Fairclaugh.[28]

Disposition

No Wonder was abandoned, either in 1930[6][8] or 1933.[9]

Notes

1. ^1 2 3 {{Cite news| title = Oregoniana … The steamer Wonder has been working along the river …| url = http://infoweb.newsbank.com/resources/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_dat=document_id%3Aimage%252Fv2%253A11A73E5827618330%2540EANX-NB-1235015CDF69EA78%25402411422-12305643AE803C60%25403-12D4CB23315D8708%2540Oregoniana&rft_id=info%3Asid%2Finfoweb.newsbank.com&rft_val_format=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx&svc_dat=AMNEWS&req_dat=0D10F2CADB4B24C0| newspaper = Sunday Oregonian| publication-place = Portland, OR| volume = 9| issue = 13| publication-date = February 23, 1890| at = p.4, col.1| editor =| publisher =}}
2. ^1 2 3 {{cite book| last1 = U.S. Treasury Dept, Statistics Bureau| title = Annual List of Merchant Vessels| type = FY end Jun 30, 1893| url = http://hdl.handle.net/2027/nnc1.cu05600073| location = Wash. DC| publisher = GPO| publication-date = 1894| volume = 25}}
3. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite book| editor1-last = Wright| editor1-first = E.W.| title = Lewis & Dryden's Marine History of the Pacific Northwest| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=seRDAAAAYAAJ| chapter = Chapter XVIII: Finest Steamers in the Northwest Appear in Puget Sound Waters| chapter-url = https://books.google.com/books?id=seRDAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false| lccn = 28001147| location = Portland, OR| publisher = Lewis and Dryden Printing Co.| publication-date = 1895| page = 366| year = 1895}}
4. ^{{cite book| editor1-last = Wright| editor1-first = E.W.| title = Lewis & Dryden's Marine History of the Pacific Northwest| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=seRDAAAAYAAJ| chapter = Chapter XVI: New Steamers on Interior Waters, Tremendous Losses by Marine Disasters| chapter-url = https://books.google.com/books?id=seRDAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false| lccn = 28001147| location = Portland, OR| publisher = Lewis and Dryden Printing Co.| publication-date = 1895| at = p.335, n.18| year = 1895}}
5. ^1 2 3 4 {{Cite news| title = The Old Wonder and Nowonder| url = http://oregonnews.uoregon.edu/lccn/sn96061150/1889-11-27/ed-1/seq-2/| newspaper = Daily Morning Astorian| publication-place = Astoria, OR| volume = 33| issue = 123| publication-date = November 27, 1889| at = p.2, col.2| editor =| publisher =}}
6. ^1 {{cite book| author1-last = Mills| author1-first = Randall V.| author-link1 = Randall V. Mills| title = Sternwheelers up Columbia -- A Century of Steamboating in the Oregon Country | isbn = 0-8032-5874-7| chapter = Appendix A: Steamers of the Columbia River System| lccn = 77007161| location = Lincoln NE| publisher = University of Nebraska| publication-date = 1947| pages = 198, 203}}
7. ^{{Cite news| title = From Portland’s Suburbs … Activity at the Willamette Ship-Building Yard| url = http://infoweb.newsbank.com/resources/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_dat=document_id%3Aimage%252Fv2%253A11A73E5827618330%2540EANX-NB-1234FAE511E70200%25402411295-1230561010D36750%25406-12D4C8DE573EED80%2540From%2520Portland%252527s%2520Suburbs.%2520East%2520Side%2520News%2520Notes%25252C%2520Including%2520the%2520Albina%2520Council.%2520Activity%2520at%2520the%2520Willamette&rft_id=info%3Asid%2Finfoweb.newsbank.com&rft_val_format=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx&svc_dat=AMNEWS&req_dat=0D10F2CADB4B24C0| newspaper = Morning Oregonian| publication-place = Portland, OR| volume = 29| issue = 9,062| publication-date = October 19, 1889| at = p.7, col. 7| editor =| publisher =}}
8. ^1 {{Cite book| editor1-last = Newell| editor1-first = Gordon R.| title = H.W. McCurdy Marine History of the Pacific Northwest| publisher = Superior Pub. Co| date = 1966| location = Seattle, WA| pages = 26, 404| oclc =| lccn =66025424 }}
9. ^1 {{cite book| author1-last = Affleck| author1-first = Edward L.| title = A Century of Paddlewheelers in the Pacific Northwest, the Yukon, and Alaska| chapter = Part One: Chapter Two: Columbia River Waterways — List of Vessels| lccn = | isbn =0-920034-08-X| location = Vancouver, BC| publisher = Alexander Nicholls Press| date = 2000| page = 21}}
10. ^{{cite book| editor1-last = Wright| editor1-first = E.W.| title = Lewis & Dryden's Marine History of the Pacific Northwest| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=seRDAAAAYAAJ| chapter = Chapter XI: Loss of the “Pacific,” New Transportation Companies on the Willamette and Columbia| chapter-url = https://books.google.com/books?id=seRDAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false| lccn = 28001147| location = Portland, OR| publisher = Lewis and Dryden Printing Co.| publication-date = 1895| at = p.240, n.33| year = 1895}}
11. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{Cite news| title = The No Wonder Sold — Fine Towboat Purchased by Shaver Transportation Company| url = http://infoweb.newsbank.com/resources/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_dat=document_id%3Aimage%252Fv2%253A11A73E5827618330%2540EANX-NB-1236FE730669DC68%25402414219-1231FD5C634582B0%25405-125BCB0CC0BD360F%2540The%2520Transit%2520Clears%2520First%2520Of%2520The%2520Steam%2520Grain%2520Fleet%2520Has%2520Quick%2520Dispatch.%2520In%2520Port%2520but&rft_id=info%3Asid%2Finfoweb.newsbank.com&rft_val_format=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx&svc_dat=AMNEWS&req_dat=0D10F2CADB4B24C0| newspaper = Morning Oregonian| publication-place = Portland, OR| volume = 36| issue = 11,874| publication-date = October 21, 1897| at = p.6, col.5| editor =| publisher =}}
12. ^1 2 {{Cite news| title = Marine Notes| url = http://infoweb.newsbank.com/resources/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_dat=document_id%3Aimage%252Fv2%253A11A73E5827618330%2540EANX-NB-11B981E186BAABE8%25402418953-11B981E21A2FB858%254017-11B981E4813EA638%2540&rft_id=info%3Asid%2Finfoweb.newsbank.com&rft_val_format=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx&svc_dat=AMNEWS&req_dat=0D10F2CADB4B24C0| newspaper = Morning Oregonian| publication-place = Portland, OR| volume = 50| issue = 15,559| publication-date = October 8, 1910| at = p.16, col.3| editor =| publisher =}}
13. ^1 2 3 {{cite book| author1-last = Timmen| author1-first = Fritz| title = Blow for the Landing -- A Hundred Years of Steam Navigation on the Waters of the West| isbn = 0-87004-221-1| lccn = 73150815| location = Caldwell, ID| publisher = Caxton Printers| publication-date = 1973| pages = 139–140}}
14. ^1 {{Cite news| title = Jones Prefers Charges — The Owner of the Steamer Maria Files an Affidavit, Reporting the No Wonder| url = http://infoweb.newsbank.com/resources/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_dat=document_id%3Aimage%252Fv2%253A11A73E5827618330%2540EANX-NB-1235FB9DA0E67858%25402411483-123056A45398FBA8%25405-12D4DC9691097B10%2540First%2520Japan%2520Steamer.It%2520Will%2520Sail%2520for%2520Portland%2520About%2520the%2520Middle%2520Of%2520May%25252C%2520Flour%2520Trade&rft_id=info%3Asid%2Finfoweb.newsbank.com&rft_val_format=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx&svc_dat=AMNEWS&req_dat=0D10F2CADB4B24C0| newspaper = Morning Oregonian| publication-place = Portland, OR| volume = 30| issue = 9,223| publication-date = April 25, 1890| at = p.6, col.7| editor =| publisher =}}
15. ^{{Cite news| title = The steamer No Wonder, Capt Jas. Whitcomb, will go up the river …| url = http://oregonnews.uoregon.edu/lccn/sn96061150/1890-06-29/ed-1/seq-2/| newspaper = Daily Morning Astorian| publication-place = Astoria, OR| volume = 34| issue = 156| publication-date = June 29, 1890| at = p.2, col.2| editor =| publisher =}}
16. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{Cite news| title = A Fright Accident — A Steamboat Man’s Fearful Blow on the Head| url = http://oregonnews.uoregon.edu/lccn/sn96061150/1890-02-21/ed-1/seq-3/| newspaper = Daily Morning Astorian| publication-place = Astoria, OR| volume = 34| issue = 44| publication-date = February 21, 1890| at = p.3, col.3| editor =| publisher =}}
17. ^{{Cite news| title = Funeral Notices … Olney| url = http://infoweb.newsbank.com/resources/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_dat=document_id%3Aimage%252Fv2%253A11A73E5827618330%2540EANX-NB-12A36E5D8B30E5E9%25402428429-129F148FF542E9CA%254016-12A46D04A2988548%2540&rft_id=info%3Asid%2Finfoweb.newsbank.com&rft_val_format=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx&svc_dat=AMNEWS&req_dat=0D10F2CADB4B24C0| newspaper = Morning Oregonian| publication-place = Portland, OR| volume = 75| issue = 23,674| publication-date = September 17, 1936| at = p.17, col.4| editor =| publisher =}}
18. ^1 2 3 {{Cite news| title = Runs on a Snag — Steamer No Wonder Strikes an Obstruction in the Cowlitz River| url = http://infoweb.newsbank.com/resources/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_dat=document_id%3Aimage%252Fv2%253A11A73E5827618330%2540EANX-NB-1569F4962B6A5CA7%25402416035-156961DF4BDFD282%254022-157331A7A01D86F0%2540&rft_id=info%3Asid%2Finfoweb.newsbank.com&rft_val_format=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx&svc_dat=AMNEWS&req_dat=0D10F2CADB4B24C0| newspaper = Sunday Oregonian| publication-place = Portland, OR| volume = 21| issue = 41| publication-date = October 12, 1902| at = p.23, col.4| editor =| publisher =}}
19. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{Cite news| title = No Wonder Sinks — Tugboat Goes Down When Hit by Steamer Potter — Collide in Thick Fog| url = http://oregonnews.uoregon.edu/lccn/sn83025138/1909-01-27/ed-1/seq-16/| newspaper = Morning Oregonian| publication-place = Portland, OR| volume = | issue = | publication-date = January 27, 1909| at = p.16, col.3| editor =| publisher =}}
20. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite book| last1 = U.S. Steamboat Inspection Service| title = Annual Report of the Supervising Inspector General,| type = FY end Jun 30, 1910| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=u_BblcFIghwC| location = Wash. DC| publisher = GPO| publication-date = 1910| volume = 15| page = 270| year = 1910}}
21. ^1 2 {{Cite news| title = Bulkheads Now Being Rebuilt … The steamer No Wonder, of the Shaver fleet is having her hull rebuilt| url = http://infoweb.newsbank.com/resources/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_dat=document_id%3Aimage%252Fv2%253A11A73E5827618330%2540EANX-NB-11B98214AF229AC8%25402418965-11B982157B90DB08%254021-11B98218566FF138%2540Ship%2520Capacity%2520Big%2520Grain%2520Vessels%2520in%2520Harbor%2520Represent%252011%25252C501%2520Tonnage&rft_id=info%3Asid%2Finfoweb.newsbank.com&rft_val_format=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx&svc_dat=AMNEWS&req_dat=0D10F2CADB4B24C0| newspaper = Morning Oregonian| publication-place = Portland, OR| volume = 50| issue = 15,569| publication-date = October 20, 1910| at = p.22, col.1| editor =| publisher =}}
22. ^1 {{Cite news| title = Man Falls Off Dock| url = http://infoweb.newsbank.com/resources/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_dat=document_id%3Aimage%252Fv2%253A11A73E5827618330%2540EANX-NB-11B9834A5B67F5F0%25402419017-11B9834C2BFEC1A0%254070&rft_id=info%3Asid%2Finfoweb.newsbank.com&rft_val_format=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx&svc_dat=AMNEWS&req_dat=0D10F2CADB4B24C0| newspaper = Sunday Oregonian| publication-place = Portland, OR| volume = 29| issue = 50| publication-date = December 11, 1910| at = p.4, col.6| editor =| publisher =}}
23. ^1 2 3 {{Cite news| title = Wind Holds Steamer Fast -- Change in Blow Expected to Extend Depth of Water| url = http://infoweb.newsbank.com/resources/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_dat=document_id%3Aimage%252Fv2%253A11A73E5827618330%2540EANX-NB-11C1A9E89D96AD30%25402419339-11C1A9EA9719F0C0%254080-11C1A9F1A0303C00%2540&rft_id=info%3Asid%2Finfoweb.newsbank.com&rft_val_format=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx&svc_dat=AMNEWS&req_dat=0D10F2CADB4B24C0| newspaper = Sunday Oregonian| publication-place = Portland, OR| volume = 30| issue = 44| publication-date = October 29, 1911| at = p.19, col.1| editor =| publisher =}}
24. ^{{Cite news| title = Shipping News| url = http://infoweb.newsbank.com/resources/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_dat=document_id%3Aimage%252Fv2%253A11A73E5827618330%2540EANX-NB-11C1A99308A086D0%25402419341-11C1A9939FEDDBD0%254017-11C1A995A54C4378%2540&rft_id=info%3Asid%2Finfoweb.newsbank.com&rft_val_format=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx&svc_dat=AMNEWS&req_dat=0D10F2CADB4B24C0| newspaper = Morning Oregonian| publication-place = Portland, OR| volume = 51| issue = 15,891| publication-date = October 31, 1911| at = p.18, col.2| editor =| publisher =}}
25. ^{{Cite news| title = Patrol to Be Started Here … After being laid up since September …| url = http://infoweb.newsbank.com/resources/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_dat=document_id%3Aimage%252Fv2%253A11A73E5827618330%2540EANX-NB-11C5E84BEE9D6150%25402421327-11C58CAD4E83AAF0%254038-13B3690EE76C7728%2540Patrol%2520To%2520Be%2520Started%2520Captin%2520Kuenzli%2520Here%2520To%2520Direct%2520Precautionary%2520Service.%2520Exit%2520From%2520and%2520Entrance&rft_id=info%3Asid%2Finfoweb.newsbank.com&rft_val_format=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx&svc_dat=AMNEWS&req_dat=0D10F2CADB4B24C0| newspaper = Sunday Oregonian| publication-place = Portland, OR| volume = 36| issue = 14| publication-date = April 8, 1917| at = p.14, col.5| editor =| publisher =}}
26. ^1 {{Cite news| title = Marine Notes| url = http://infoweb.newsbank.com/resources/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_dat=document_id%3Aimage%252Fv2%253A11A73E5827618330%2540EANX-NB-11C5F5BCA8056838%25402421540-11C59EDC61A41368%254015-12F450B09E3A6740%2540Higher%2520Wages%2520Sought%2520Longshoremen%2520Submit%2520Proposed%2520New%2520Scale%2520To%2520Employers.%2520Some%2520Firms%2520Are%2520of%2520Opinion&rft_id=info%3Asid%2Finfoweb.newsbank.com&rft_val_format=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx&svc_dat=AMNEWS&req_dat=0D10F2CADB4B24C0| newspaper = Morning Oregonian| publication-place = Portland, Oregon| volume = 57| issue = 17,772| publication-date = November 7, 1917| at = p.16, col.4| editor =| publisher =}}
27. ^1 2 3 4 {{Cite news| title = Watchman is Missing| url = http://infoweb.newsbank.com/resources/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_dat=document_id%3Aimage%252Fv2%253A11A73E5827618330%2540EANX-NB-11D63BD718CFFD60%25402422668-11D63BD797E1C8E8%25406-11D63BD998F918D0%2540Watchman%2520is%2520Missing.%2520D.%2520W.%2520Fairclaugh%2520Thought%2520to%2520Have%2520Fallen%2520Overboard&rft_id=info%3Asid%2Finfoweb.newsbank.com&rft_val_format=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx&svc_dat=AMNEWS&req_dat=0D10F2CADB4B24C0| newspaper = Morning Oregonian| publication-place = Portland, OR| volume = 59| issue = 18,734| publication-date = December 9, 1920| at = p.7, col.1| editor =| publisher =}}
28. ^1 {{Cite news| title = Body Is Recovered| url = http://infoweb.newsbank.com/resources/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_dat=document_id%3Aimage%252Fv2%253A11A73E5827618330%2540EANX-NB-11D63C8E7391F720%25402422678-11D63C90ACE898E8%254072-11D63C98E8F48710%2540Body%2520is%2520Recovered&rft_id=info%3Asid%2Finfoweb.newsbank.com&rft_val_format=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx&svc_dat=AMNEWS&req_dat=0D10F2CADB4B24C0| newspaper = Sunday Oregonian| publication-place = Portland, OR| volume = 39| issue = 51| publication-date = December 19, 1920| at = p.4, col.5| editor =| publisher =}}

References

Printed sources

  • {{cite book

| author1-last = Affleck
| author1-first = Edward L.
| title = A Century of Paddlewheelers in the Pacific Northwest, the Yukon, and Alaska
| chapter =
| lccn =
| isbn =0-920034-08-X
| location = Vancouver, BC
| publisher = Alexander Nicholls Press
| date = 2000
}}
  • {{cite book

| author1-last = Mills
| author1-first = Randall V.
| author-link1 = Randall V. Mills
| title = Sternwheelers up Columbia -- A Century of Steamboating in the Oregon Country | isbn = 0-8032-5874-7
| chapter =
| lccn = 77007161
| location = Lincoln NE
| publisher = University of Nebraska
| publication-date = 1947
}}
  • {{Cite book

| editor1-last = Newell
| editor1-first = Gordon R.
| title = H.W. McCurdy Marine History of the Pacific Northwest
| publisher = Superior Pub. Co
| date = 1966
| location = Seattle, WA
| oclc =
| lccn =66025424 }}
  • {{cite book

| author1-last = Timmen
| author1-first = Fritz
| title = Blow for the Landing -- A Hundred Years of Steam Navigation on the Waters of the West
| isbn = 0-87004-221-1
| lccn = 73150815
| location = Caldwell, ID
| publisher = Caxton Printers
| publication-date = 1973
}}
  • {{cite book

| editor1-last = Wright
| editor1-first = E.W.
| title = Lewis & Dryden's Marine History of the Pacific Northwest
| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=seRDAAAAYAAJ
| chapter =
| chapter-url =
| lccn = 28001147
| location = Portland, OR
| publisher = Lewis and Dryden Printing Co.
| publication-date = 1895
}}

On-line newspaper collections

  • {{cite web

| url = http://oregonnews.uoregon.edu
| title = Historic Oregon Newspapers
| publisher = University of Oregon
| accessdate =
}}{{Columbia River Steamboats}}

3 : Shaver Transportation Company|Steamboats of the Columbia River|Ships built in Oregon
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