Oesterley, a surname of German origin, may refer to:

• Carl Wilhelm Friedrich Oesterley (1805–1891), German painter and art historian
• Carl August Heinrich Ferdinand Oesterley (1839–1930), German landscape painter
• {{Interlanguage link multi|Hermann Oesterley|de|s:Hermann Oesterley}} (1834–1891), German historian
• {{Interlanguage link multi|Marie Oesterley|de|Marie Oesterley}} (1842–1917), German painter
• William Oscar Emil (W.O.E.) Oesterley (1866–1950), British theologian

• Xiaoyin Island
• Xiaoyinsha
• Xiaoyin Sha
• Xiao Yishan
• Xiaoyi, Shanxi
• Xiaoyong Railway
• Xiao Youmei
• Xiaoyuan (Shawn) Chen
• Xiaoyuan (Shawn) Chen, Ph.D.
• Xiaoyueyue
• Xiao Yu Hill
• Xiaoyu Liu
• Xiao Yu Shan
• Xiaoyu Yu
• Xiaoze Xie
• Xiaozhai station
• Xiaozhai Tiankeng
• Xiaozhai tiankeng
• Xiaozhang Empress
• Xiaozhao Si
• Xiaozhao Temple
• Xiao Zhengnan
• Xiao Zheng Nan
• Xiao Zhimei
• Xiao Zhi (Tang Dynasty)