| 词条 | Olga Gzovskaya |
| 释义 |
| name = Olga Gzovskaya | image = Olga Gzovskaya.jpg | alt = | caption = | birth_name = Olga Vladimirovna Gzovskaya (О́льга Влади́мировна Гзо́вская) | birth_date = {{Birth date|1883|10|10|df=yes}} | birth_place = Moscow, Russian Empire | death_date = {{Death date and age|1962|7|2|1883|10|10|df=yes}} | death_place = Leningrad, Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Soviet Union | nationality = Russian | other_names = Olga Gsowskaja | occupation = Actress | years_active = | known_for = | notable_works = }} Olga Gzovskaya (Russian: О́льга Влади́мировна Гзо́вская; 10 October 1883 – 2 July 1962) was a Russian theater and film actress. LifeGzovskaya was born to a family of Moscow customs official[1] of Polish origin.{{cn|date=July 2016}} In 1905, she graduated from the Imperial Drama School at the Maly Theatre,{{sfn|Ignatieva|2008|p=106}} having studied under Aleksandr Pavlovich Lensky.{{sfn|Тимофеева|2012}} On 1 September 1905 she joined the Maly Theatre troupe, with the first role of Ariel in "The Tempest" by William Shakespeare, that October.[1] From 1905 to 1908, she appeared at the Maly Theatre.{{sfn|Тимофеева|2012}} In 1907, she met Konstantin Stanislavski at a summer resort and began taking private acting lessons from him.{{sfn|Ignatieva|2008|p=106}} During their classes Stanislavski commented to Gzovskaya that she should perform at the Moscow Art Theatre, which she took as an offer of employment and quit the Maly. As the board had not been consulted, the engagement by the Moscow Art Theatre became contentious and she was forced to tour throughout Russia during the 2008-2009 season.{{sfn|Ignatieva|2008|pp=107-108, 110}} Her employment was also complicated because her fiancé {{Interlanguage link multi|Vladimir Nelidov|ru|3=Нелидов, Владимир Александрович}}, who was working at the Maly, was trying to become the manager of the Moscow Art Theatre, but the theater did not trust his reputation.{{sfn|Ignatieva|2008|p=110}} In July 1908, she and Nelidov married.[1] Gzovskaya returned to the Maly for the 1909-1910 season, but in 1910, she moved to the Moscow Art Theatre.{{sfn|Тимофеева|2012}} In 1912, she performed a series of engagements in Prague,{{sfn|White|2014|p=168}} but was primarily engaged until 1917 at the Moscow Art Theater. Between 1917 and 1919 Gzovskaya returned to the Maly.{{sfn|Тимофеева|2012}} When Gzovskaya left the Moscow Art Theatre, she severed her studies with Stanislavski, though she tried to promote use of his method in other companies.{{sfn|Ignatieva|2008|p=116}} In 1919, she taught at the studio and toured with the Chialiapin Studio and Opera Studio of the Bolshoi Theatre.{{sfn|Тимофеева|2012}} In November 1920, together with her husband, actor Vladimir Gajdarov{{clarify|date=March 2017|reason= two paragraphs earlier she married Nelidov}} and a few other artists she went abroad. It happened so unexpectedly that none of the actors were ready to leave. They toured in Ukraine, but the Russian Civil War in 1919, cut them off from Moscow. People were trying to survive, gradually they were joined by other Moscow artists who also found themselves cut off as in other parts of the country, including several actors of the Sinelnikov troupe.{{cn|date=March 2017}} As a result, there was quite a large group of well-known theater figures, which included, in addition to Gzovskaya and Gaydarov, Alla Tarasova, Vasily Kachalov, his wife Nina Litovtseva, Olga Knipper, M.N. Nablotskaya, her husband actor Putyata, Nikolai Massalitinov, Yury Rakitin, Vladimir Zhedrinsky, M.A. Kryzhanovskaya, Maria Germanova, E.N. Roshchin-Insarov, Peter F. Sharov and many others. They decided to stay together. Katchalov and LItovtseva's son, Vadim Shverubovich, wrote about this episode in the history of the Moscow Art Theater and in the lives of his parents.{{cn|date=March 2017}} Gzovskaya worked in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, Poland and Germany, where, together with her husband she organized a studio.{{cn|date=March 2017}} But they failed to maintain it. At the Berlin City Opera in 1926 Gzovskaya performed "Queen of Spades" by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky. On her return in 1932 to the USSR, she worked in concert organizations in Moscow. In November 1934 she moved to Leningrad, where she continued in concert and presented a few literary compositions. In 1939, she arrived in Leningrad's Leninsky Komsomol Theatre. At the outbreak of World War II she was evacuated to Novosibirsk, where she continued her theatrical work, staged "Tyrant" by Goldoni and "Little House in Cherkizovo" by Aleksei Arbuzov. From March 1943 to 1956 she worked for the Alexandrinsky Theatre. In addition, she led the amateur clubs House of Scientists, Club of Seamen, and others.{{cn|date=March 2017}} She was buried in Moscow in Vvedenskoye Cemetery. RolesMaly Theatre (Moscow)
In 1917–1919 years
Moscow Art Theatre
Leningrad Theatre. Lenin Komsomol
Leningrad Drama Theatre
Selected filmography
See also
ReferencesCitations1. ^1 2 Olga Gzovskaya's biography. Krugosvet Online Encyclopedia Bibliography{{Refbegin|30em}}
Literature
8 : Moscow Art Theater|Russian stage actresses|Russian film actresses|Russian silent film actresses|Soviet actresses|1883 births|1962 deaths|Actresses from Moscow |
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