| 词条 | Otto Baumbach |
| 释义 |
| name = Otto Baumbach | birth_date = 10 September 1882 | birth_place = Niederwilligen, Germany | death_date = 1966 | death_place = Alkrington, UK }}Otto Baumbach (1882-1966) was the glassblower who built part of the apparatus used by Ernest Rutherford and colleagues in the famous Gold foil experiment.[1][2] In fact, this experiment has been refereed to as the Rutherford-Royds-Baumbach experiment:[3]{{Quote|text=The essential feature of that famous experiment - surely the centerpiece of Rutherford's Nobel Lecture ate the same fall - was a tiny glass tube blown so thin (about 1/100 mm) that it allowed α-particles emitted from radium emanation encapsulated within it to penetrate with negligible change in velocity, yet was imperious to helium gas [17-48]. The tube, still preserved in Cambridge, was the handiwork of Otto Baumbach, imported from Germany by Schuster; his role in Rutherford's laboratory is reminiscent of Kamerlingh Onnes' Glasbläsermeister O Kesselring in Leiden and his craftsmanship - witness figure 14.2 in an earlier chapter. (The experiment with Royds is sometimes referred to as the Rutherford-Royds-Baumbach experiment.)|sign=Per F Dahl|source=Flash of the cathode rays : a history of J.J. Thomson's electron}} It was Baumbach's ability to blow, "fine tubes very uniform in thickness." which led to him being key to Rutherford's work.[2][4] In fact, such was Baumbach's skill that he was involved in many important experiments and acknowledged on some of the associated publications.[5][6][7] Personal lifeGottlob Otto Baumbach was born on 10 September 1882 in Niederwilligen, Germany.[1] He studied at the Thüringische Landesfachschule für Glasinstrumententechnik in Ilmenau (Thuringia School for Glass Instrument Technology). He died in 1966, at the age of 84, in Alkrington, UK.[8] CareerBaumbach started working at the University of Manchester at some time in the early 1900s. Certainly before 1905 when an article, published in May that year, stated:[9]{{quote|We are indebted to the skill of the University glassblower OTTO BAUMBACH for the accurate grinding of these taps, and for the joints by which he succeeded in fusing hard Jena to soft glass.}} He had a independent business selling glassware and building equipment. He supplied Falcon Scott with sample tubes for his 1910 Terra Nova Antarctic Expedition.[1] After World War 1 he began trading as J.C.Cowlishaw and this business was incorporated in 1925 and continued until it was officially wound-up in 1982.[1] References1. ^1 2 3 {{Cite web|url=http://www.physicshistory.org.uk/NewsLTR/n23/n23p44.htm|title=History of Physics Newsletter Vol 23 part 3|website=www.physicshistory.org.uk|access-date=2018-11-22}} 2. ^1 {{Cite journal|last=Rutherford|first=E.|last2=Royds|first2=T.|date=February 1909|title=XXI. The nature of the α particle from radioactive substances|journal=The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science|language=en|volume=17|issue=98|pages=281–286|doi=10.1080/14786440208636599|issn=1941-5982}} 3. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=TURZDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA332&lpg=PA332&dq=Rutherford-Royds-Baumbach+experiment#v=onepage&q=Rutherford-Royds-Baumbach%20experiment&f=false|title=Flash of the cathode rays : a history of J.J. Thomson's electron|last=1932-2011.|first=Dahl, Per F.|date=1997|publisher=Institute of Physics Pub|isbn=978-0585208534|location=Bristol|pages=332|oclc=44959463|quote=|via=Google Books}} 4. ^{{Cite book|title=A companion to the history of science|others=Lightman, Bernard V., 1950-|isbn=9781118620748|location=Chichester, UK|oclc=926106013|last1 = Lightman|first1 = Bernard|date=2016-01-28}} 5. ^{{Cite journal|last=White|first=Charles Powell|date=1909|title=On the occurrence of crystals in tumours|journal=The Journal of Pathology and Bacteriology|language=en|volume=13|issue=1|pages=3–10|doi=10.1002/path.1700130103|issn=0368-3494}} 6. ^{{Cite journal|last=Magian|first=A. C.|date=1911-06-24|title=The Rapid Treatment of Gonorrhoea|journal=British Medical Journal|volume=1|issue=2634|pages=1463|issn=0007-1447|pmc=2334347|pmid=20765694}} 7. ^{{Cite journal|last=Rooth|first=J.|date=1911-06-24|title=A Case of Blackwater Fever in England|journal=British Medical Journal|volume=1|issue=2634|pages=1462–1463|issn=0007-1447|pmc=2334324|pmid=20765693}} 8. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.physicshistory.org.uk/NewsLTR/n23/n23p44.htm|title=History of Physics Newsletter Vol 23 part 3|website=www.physicshistory.org.uk|access-date=2018-11-24}} 9. ^{{Cite journal|last=Dixon|first=Harold Baily|last2=Edgar|first2=Edward C.|date=1906-01-01|title=V. The atomic weight of chlorine: An attempt to determine the equivalent of chlorine by direct burning with hydrogen|journal=Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A|language=en|volume=205|issue=387–401|pages=169–200|doi=10.1098/rsta.1906.0005|issn=0264-3952}} 5 : 19th-century British scientists|1882 births|Glassblowers|19th-century German people|1966 deaths |
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