| 词条 | Aida Camp |
| 释义 |
|name=Aida |image=Aida Refugee Camp Entrance.jpg |caption = Mural at the entrance to Aida camp |arname=مخيم عايده |meaning= |founded= |type=ref |typefrom=1950 |altOffSp='Ayda |altUnoSp= |governorate=bl |coordinates = {{coord|31|43|10.34|N|35|11|56.31|E|region:PS|display=inline,title}} |population=5,498 |popyear=2014 |area=66 |areakm=0.1 |mayor= }} Aida ({{lang-ar|مخيم عايده}}), also spelled 'Ayda, is a Palestinian refugee camp situated 2 kilometers north of the historic centre of Bethlehem and 1 kilometer north of Beit Jala, in the central West Bank. According to the UNRWA, the camp had a population of approximately 5,498 refugees at the end of 2014.[1] HistoryNamed after a famous coffeehouse (maqhah) located on the site in the early 1940s,{{CN|date=March 2016}} Aida camp was established in 1950 by refugees from the Jerusalem and Hebron areas,[2] and covered an area of 66 dunams (0.17 square kilometres).[3] At the time, Aida housed 1125 refugees living in 94 tents.[3] The camp came under special hardship during the Second Intifada, when the school sustained severe damage and 29 housing units were destroyed by Israeli military incursions.[3] The Israeli military placed the camp and surrounding areas under curfew, made arrests and even demolished walls between houses in order to bypass the roads in the camp.[3] In one such maneuver, camp resident Huda Hawaja was mortally wounded when Israeli soldiers demolished her doors, and died after there were delays in calling an ambulance due to the military presence.[4] The incident was documented by embedded journalists and broadcast on Channel 2, leading to a public outcry and backlash from the Israeli military against the press.[5] Pope Benedict XVI visited the refugee camp during his Middle East pilgrimage visit to Jordan, Israel and the Palestinian territories in May 2009. He said that the refugees lived in "precarious and difficult conditions" and that "It is tragic to see walls still being erected".[6]On 29 October 2015, at dusk, a video filmed on his iPhone by a resident of the Aida Refugee Camp, Yazan Ikhlayel (17), captured a megaphone address made from an Israeli military vehicle during a raid into the camp. The speech warned residents that, if they did not desist from stone throwing they would be gassed to death -children, youths and the aged. Referring apparently to the arrest of Qassan Abu Aker, the speaker added that one of the arrested would be killed as the residents looked on if the throwing did not stop.[7][8][9][10] The Border Police immediately suspended the officer suspected in the incident, and is reviewing his continued service in the force.[9] TodayAida camp is adjacent to Rachel's Tomb, walled off from Jerusalem by the Israeli West Bank barrier and contiguous to the Israeli settlement of Gilo.[11] The Aida Refugee camp is adjacent to a new 4-star hotel, the Intercontinental, on the Jerusalem-Hebron road. On the camp's entrance gate a huge "key of return" is pictured, and on the separation barrier a largo graffito has been painted with the words Gernika [Guernica]1936 – Palestina 1948.[11] The camp contains two schools and no health clinics,[12] although UNRWA has provided assistance for physicians and physiotherapists to provide medical assistance within the camp.[13] Access to water is often disrupted for Aida's residents,[14] and sewerage is poor. The unemployment rate in Aida stands at 43%.[15] Aida is the location of the Al Rowwad Cultural and Theatre Training Center[16] and the Lajee Youth Center,[17] both of which practice cultural and creative forms of resistance.[18] Refugees in Aida camp have practiced predominantly non-violent opposition to the Israeli occupation.[11] The situation for youth in Aida camp was publicised in Flying Home, an illustrated children's book produced by Lajee in 2009.[19] References{{Commons category|Aida (camp)}}1. ^{{cite book |author= |title=Survey of Palestinian Refugees and Internally Displaced Persons 2013-2015 Volume VIII |url=http://www.badil.org/en/publication/survey-of-refugees.html?download=1192:badil-survey-2015 |location= |publisher=Badil |page=40 |date= |issn=1728-1679}} 2. ^{{cite web|title=A Day in Aida Refugee Camp|url=http://www.unrwa.org/galleries/photos/day-aida-refugee-camp|publisher=UNRWA|accessdate=12 March 2016|ref=UNRWA Day Aida}} 3. ^1 {{cite web|title=History - Aida Youth Centre|url=http://www.aidacenter.org/category/history/|publisher=Aida Youth Centre|accessdate=12 March 2016}} 4. ^{{cite news|last1=Palmer|first1=Tim|title=Security heads to meet amid ongoing Mid East violence|url=http://www.abc.net.au/lateline/stories/s511650.htm|accessdate=14 March 2016|work=Lateline|publisher=ABC|date=22 March 2002}} 5. ^{{cite news|last1=Lavie|first1=Aviv|title=Trying to Buck the News Blackout|url=http://www.haaretz.com/life/2.207/trying-to-buck-the-news-blackout-1.50164|accessdate=14 March 2016|work=Haaretz|date=18 March 2002}} 6. ^{{cite news|last1=McCarthy|first1=Rory|title=In Bethlehem, Pope Benedict XVI makes strongest call yet for a Palestinian homeland|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/may/13/pope-benedict-palestinians-gaza|accessdate=12 March 2016|work=The Guardian|date=14 May 2009}} 7. ^Megan Hanna,'Israeli soldiers tell Palestinians: ‘We will gas you until you die',' Ma'an News Agency 29 October 2015. 8. ^Sheren Khalel and Abed al Qaisi, 'WATCH: Israeli forces threaten Palestinian refugees over loudspeaker,' Middle East Eye 30 October 2015. 9. ^1 .'Border cop suspended for threatening to ‘gas’ Palestinians,' The Times of Israel, 30 October 2015. 10. ^Megan O'Toole,‘Israeli officer: 'We will gas you until you die',’, Al Jazeera,31 October 2015. 11. ^1 2 Gideon Levy and Alex Levac, 'The most surreal place in the occupied territories,' Haaretz 30 March 2014. 12. ^{{cite web|title=Ayda Camp (fact sheet)|url=http://vprofile.arij.org/bethlehem/pdfs/EN/Ayda%20Camp_fs_en.pdf|publisher=ARIJ|accessdate=12 March 2016|ref=ARIJ factsheet}} 13. ^{{cite web|title=Refugee Assistance|url=http://www.badil.org/en/publication/periodicals/al-majdal/item/1161-refugee-assistance.html|website=Al-Majdal|publisher=Badil|accessdate=12 March 2016}} 14. ^{{cite news|last1=Elmuti|first1=Dina|title=Courage and resistance at Aida refugee camp|url=https://electronicintifada.net/content/courage-and-resistance-aida-refugee-camp/8462|accessdate=12 March 2016|work=Electronic Intifada|date=28 September 2009}} 15. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=Where We Work - Camp Profiles|url=http://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/west-bank/camp-profiles?field=12|publisher=UNRWA|accessdate=12 March 2016}} 16. ^{{cite web|title=Who We Are|url=http://www.alrowwad.org/en/?page_id=705|publisher=Al Rowwad|accessdate=12 March 2016}} 17. ^{{cite web|title=About Us|url=http://www.lajee.org/content/about-us|publisher=Lajee Center|accessdate=12 March 2016}} 18. ^{{cite web|last1=Wiles|first1=Rich|title=The Art of Resistance|url=http://www.badil.org/en/publication/periodicals/al-majdal/item/1266-the-art-of-resistance.html|website=Al-Majdal|publisher=Badil|accessdate=12 March 2016|ref=Badil Art Resistance}} 19. ^{{cite web|last1=Haddad|first1=Toufic|title=Book Review: Flying Home|url=http://www.badil.org/en/publication/periodicals/al-majdal/item/1272-book-review-flying-home.html|website=Al-Majdal|publisher=Badil|accessdate=12 March 2016|ref=flying home}} See also
4 : Populated places established in 1950|Bethlehem|Bethlehem Governorate|Palestinian refugee camps in the West Bank |
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