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词条 Pace of play
释义

  1. References

  2. External links

{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2018}}

Pace of play is an issue concerning college baseball and professional baseball regarding the length of games.

Game length in Major League Baseball (MLB) began increasing, with the 1988 New York Yankees being the first team to average over three hours per game.[1] From 2004 through 2014, MLB games had increased from an average of 2.85 hours to 3.13 hours.[2] This was in spite of decreases in scoring, with MLB teams scoring 4.1 runs per game in 2014, down from 5.14 in 2000.[1]

In college baseball, the Southeastern Conference experimented with a 20-second pitch clock during the 2010 season,[3] and the National Collegiate Athletic Association instituted the pitch clock before the 2011 season for when no runners are on base.[4]

During the 2014 season, the Atlantic League of Professional Baseball instituted its own changes. These included a 12-second pitch clock, reducing timeouts, warm-up pitches, making intentional walks automatic by signalling the umpire, rather than throwing four intentional balls.[5] The Arizona Fall League began using a pitch clock in 2014 and the Double-A and Triple-A levels of Minor League Baseball followed suit in 2015.[6] Those levels saw a 12-minute reduction in game times.[7]

Towards the end of the 2014 season, Commissioner of Baseball Bud Selig announced the formation of a committee to examine the issue. John Schuerholz chaired the committee, which also included Sandy Alderson, Tony Clark, Rob Manfred, Joe Torre, and Tom Werner.[8] Manfred, having succeeded Selig as the Commissioner in 2015, instituted rule changes to MLB before the start of the 2015 MLB season to address pace of play, including having batters remain in the batters box and the installation of time clocks to limit the time spent around commercial breaks.[9] In 2015, MLB had a committee discuss bringing back the bullpen car.[10][11]

Prior to the 2017 MLB season, the rules were amended to allow a manager to order an automatic intentional walk.[12] MLB and the MLB Players Association (MLBPA) discussed the possibility of introducing the pitch clock at the major league level for the 2018 season.[13] MLB opted against imposing it unilaterally, over the opposition of the MLBPA.[14] Before the 2018 season, MiLB took major actions, including adding pitch clocks at all levels, beginning each extra inning with a runner on second base, and restricting the number of mound visits for full-season Class A through Triple-A teams.[15] Also, the Arizona Diamondbacks of MLB announced they would introduce their first bullpen car in 2018.[16]

Minor League Baseball expanded its pace of play initiatives in 2019 by requiring Double-A and Triple-A pitchers to face a minimum of three consecutive batters until the side is retired or the pitcher becomes injured and is unable to continue playing.[17] Also, the number of allowed mound visits was reduced: Class A (9 visits), Double-A (7 visits), and Triple-A (5 visits).[17]

References

1. ^1 {{cite web|last=Perry |first=Dayn |url=https://www.cbssports.com/mlb/news/chart-the-rise-of-the-three-hour-baseball-game/ |title=CHART: The rise of the three-hour baseball game |publisher=CBSSports.com |date=August 27, 2014 |accessdate=March 16, 2018}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://ftw.usatoday.com/2014/09/mlb-games-length-three-hours-pace-of-play |title=Why are baseball games getting so much longer? | For The Win |publisher=Ftw.usatoday.com |date=September 30, 2014 |accessdate=March 16, 2018}}
3. ^{{cite web|url=http://content.usatoday.com/communities/gameon/post/2010/05/pitch-clock-for-baseball-experiment-begins-in-sec/1|title=Pitch clock for baseball? Experiment begins in SEC|work=USATODAY.COM|accessdate=October 11, 2015}}
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nola.com/tulane/index.ssf/2011/03/ncaa_rules_for_college_basebal.html |title=NCAA rules for college baseball are designed to speed up the game |publisher=NOLA.com |date=March 7, 2011 |accessdate=March 16, 2018}}
5. ^https://www.si.com/mlb/2014/08/05/atlantic-league-pace-of-play-mlb
6. ^{{cite web|title=Pitch clock for Double-A, Triple-A use|url=http://espn.go.com/mlb/story/_/id/12172716/mlb-use-pitch-clock-double-triple-games|website=ESPN|accessdate=October 11, 2015}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.milb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20151009&content_id=152478810&fext=.jsp&vkey=toolshed&sid=milb|title=Minor League Baseball Toolshed: Pitch clocks do their job in debut season - MiLB.com News - The Official Site of Minor League Baseball|work=MiLB.com|accessdate=October 11, 2015}}
8. ^{{cite web|url=http://ftw.usatoday.com/2014/09/mlb-creates-committee-to-improve-pace-of-games |title=MLB creates committee to improve pace of games | For The Win |publisher=Ftw.usatoday.com |date=September 22, 2014 |accessdate=March 16, 2018}}
9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ksdk.com/story/sports/2015/02/20/mlb-pace-of-play-rule-changes/23771199/|title=Rob Manfred thinks inside the box to speed up MLB games|date=February 20, 2015|work=KSDK|accessdate=June 10, 2015}}
10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.espn.com/mlb/story/_/id/12568605/mlb-mlb-bring-back-bullpen-carts|title=Time to bring back bullpen carts?|work=ESPN.com|first=Jerry|last=Crasnick|date=March 31, 2015|accessdate=February 24, 2018}}
11. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.cbssports.com/mlb/news/mlb-is-reportedly-considering-bringing-back-bullpen-carts-to-improve-pace-of-play/|title=MLB is reportedly considering bringing back bullpen carts to improve pace of play: Bullpen carts are viewed as a potential answer to the pace of play problem|first=R.J.|last=Anderson|publisher=CBS Sports|date=February 2, 2018|accessdate=February 24, 2018}}
12. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/sports/baseball-makes-intentional-walk-easier-faster-w468401|title=Major League Baseball Eliminates One of Its Most Annoying Rules|last=Rafferty|first=Scott|date=February 22, 2017|work=Rolling Stone|access-date=April 11, 2017|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=}}
13. ^{{cite web|last=Castrovince |first=Anthony |url=https://www.mlb.com/news/opinions-differ-on-mlb-pitch-clock/c-265068962 |title=Opinions differ on MLB pitch clock |publisher=MLB.com |date=January 20, 2016 |accessdate=March 16, 2018}}
14. ^{{cite web|author=USA TODAY Sports |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/mlb/2018/02/19/mlb-no-pitch-clock-2018-but-mound-visits-warm-up-times-limited/351422002/ |title=MLB pace of play: No pitch clock in 2018, but mound visits limited |publisher=Usatoday.com |date=February 19, 2018 |accessdate=March 16, 2018}}
15. ^{{cite web|author=THE ASSOCIATED PRESS|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/14/sports/baseball/minor-leagues-pace-of-play.html |title=Minor League Baseball Expands Pace-of-Play Rules - The New York Times |publisher=Nytimes.com |date= |accessdate=March 16, 2018}}
16. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.espn.com/mlb/story/_/id/22665199/arizona-diamondbacks-use-golf-cart-bring-relief-pitchers-2018|title=Golf cart to bring in relief pitchers is reborn with Diamondbacks|first=Darren|last=Rovell|work=ESPN.com|date=March 6, 2018|accessdate=March 6, 2018}}
17. ^1 {{cite web |title=MiLB announces pace-of-play rules for 2019|url=https://www.milb.com/milb/news/milb-announces-pace-of-play-rules-for-2019/c-305774226|work=MILB.com|date=March 29, 2019|accessdate=March 29, 2019}}

External links

  • {{cite web|url=http://mlb.mlb.com/mlb/pace-of-game/?mode=afl|title=Pace of Game|work=Major League Baseball}}
{{Baseball}}

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