| 词条 | Pakaʻalana heiau |
| 释义 |
OriginsAccording to Winona Beamer, known as Aunty Nona, Waipio Valley has had; "An aura of enchantment, of mysticism" since 1415 when the "puʻuhonua" or "place of refuge" called Pakaʻalana was built. She recalls that the area is associated with the Goddess Hiʻiaka who fought a legendary battle at the mouth of Waipio Valley with Makaʻukiu and that the area is chosen by the Hawaiian gods as a place to keep a constant watch which was guarded by cliff spirits.[5] First royal mausoleumPrior to the Westernized tombs of the Hawaiian Royalty such as Mauna Ala, there were only two ancient heiau designated as royal tomb enclosures, both on Hawaii Island, Hale o Keawe being one and Hale o Liloa being the first.[6] Liloa had named his first born son Hakau as his heir however, he left the war god and the care of Pakaʻalana heiau to his lesser ranking son Umi. Hakua, already jealous and unhappy with Umi's presence became so enraged, Umi was forced into exhile in Hilo.[7] After the death of his father, Hakau builds a temple and names it the Halo o Liloa (House of Liloa) and inters the bones of Liloa there.[8] In 1828-29, Kuhina Nui (Regent) Kaʻahumanu visited the Waipio Valley and took the kaʻai (funerary basket) of Liloa and Lono-i-ka-Makahiki and had them hidden at Kaawa-loa in a cave. The remains were moved again in 1858 and finally interred at Muana Ala in 1865 along with other aliʻi (nobles) from the Royal Tomb at Pohukaina.[9] References1. ^{{cite book|author=Roger G. Rose|title=Reconciling the past: two basketry kāʻai and the legendary Līloa and Lonoikamakahiki|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NrZAAQAAIAAJ|year=1992|publisher=Bishop Museum Press|page= 11}} {{Hawaii-geo-stub}}{{coord missing|Hawaii}}2. ^{{cite book|title=San Diego Magazine|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1ukjAQAAIAAJ|date=November 1984|page=150|publisher=San Diego Magazine Publishing Company}} 3. ^{{cite book|author=Brad Olsen|title=Sacred Places, North America: 108 Destinations|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l4hTCuby90IC&pg=PA147|year=2008|publisher=CCC Publishing|isbn=978-1-888729-19-1|page=147}} 4. ^{{cite book|title=All about Hawaii: The Recognized Book of Authentic Information on Hawaii, Combined with Thrum's Hawaiian Annual and Standard Guide|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=s-sKAAAAIAAJ&pg=RA3-PA57|year=1904|publisher=Honolulu Star-Bulletin|page=3}} 5. ^{{cite book|author=Winona Desha Beamer|title=Talking Story with Nona Beamer: Stories of a Hawaiian Family|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=C0BwSE_hrn4C&pg=PA27|year=1984|publisher=Bess Press|isbn=978-0-935848-20-5|page=27}} 6. ^{{cite book|author=Ralph Thomas Kam|title=Death Rites and Hawaiian Royalty: Funerary Practices in the Kamehameha and Kalākaua Dynasties, 1819-1953|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1tg5DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA177|date=6 November 2017|publisher=McFarland|isbn=978-1-4766-6846-8|page=177}} 7. ^{{cite book|author=Robert F. Oaks|title=Hawai'i: A History of the Big Island|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HDVNJ5wzcisC&pg=PT18|date=1 November 2003|publisher=Arcadia Publishing|isbn=978-1-4396-1403-7|page=18}} 8. ^{{cite book|author=Davianna McGregor|title=Na Kua'aina: Living Hawaiian Culture|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=brPxqIxh3JYC&pg=PA53|year=2007|publisher=University of Hawaii Press|isbn=978-0-8248-2946-9|page=53}} 9. ^{{cite book|author=Dorothy B. Barrère|title=Kamehameha in Kona: two documentary studies|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=C0U8AAAAMAAJ|year=1975|page= 66|publisher=Dept. of Anthropology, Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum}} 2 : Buildings and structures in Hawaii|Heiau |
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