| 词条 | Paleoanguimorpha |
| 释义 |
| taxon = Paleoanguimorpha | fossil_range = Aptian – Present, {{Fossil range|125|0}} | image = Shinisaurus crocodilurus (4).jpg | image_caption = Chinese crocodile lizard (Shinisaurus crocodilurus) | image2 = Lace monitor (Varanus varius), photographed in the Kindra State Forest.jpg | image2_caption = Lace monitor (Varanus varius) | authority = Vidal & Hedges, 2009 | subdivision_ranks = Subclades | subdivision =
}}Paleoanguimorpha is a clade of anguimorphs comprising Shinisauria (represented today by shinisaurids) and Goannasauria (represented today by Varanoidea which includes the families Lanthanotidae and Varanidae).[1][2][3][4][5] Morphological studies in the past also classified helodermatids and pythonomorphs with the varanoids in the clade Platynota,[6][7] while the Chinese crocodile lizard was classified as a xenosaurid.[8] Current molecular work finds no support in these groupings and instead has found the helodermatids more related to Diploglossa in the sister clade Neoanguimorpha, while the Chinese crocodile lizard is the closet living relative to varanoids.[2][3] Pythonomorphs represented by snakes today are not closely related to varanoids and are instead a sister lineage to Anguimorpha and Iguania in the clade Toxicofera.[1][3] Below is the phylogeny of the neoanguimorph lineages after Pyron et al. (2013):[3] {{clade|style=font-size:110%|label1=Paleoanguimorpha |1={{Clade |label1=Shinisauria |1=Shinisauridae (Chinese crocodile lizard) |label2=Varanoidea |2={{Clade |1=Lanthanotidae (earless monitor lizard) |2=Varanidae (monitor lizards) }} }} }} See also
References1. ^1 {{cite journal |doi=10.1038/nature04328 |pmid=16292255 |title=Early evolution of the venom system in lizards and snakes |journal=Nature |volume=439 |issue=7076 |pages=584–8 |year=2005 |last1=Fry |first1=Bryan G. |last2=Vidal |first2=Nicolas |last3=Norman |first3=Janette A. |last4=Vonk |first4=Freek J. |last5=Scheib |first5=Holger |last6=Ramjan |first6=S. F. Ryan |last7=Kuruppu |first7=Sanjaya |last8=Fung |first8=Kim |last9=Blair Hedges |first9=S. |last10=Richardson |first10=Michael K. |last11=Hodgson |first11=Wayne. C. |last12=Ignjatovic |first12=Vera |last13=Summerhayes |first13=Robyn |last14=Kochva |first14=Elazar |bibcode=2006Natur.439..584F }} {{lizard-stub}}2. ^1 {{cite journal |doi=10.1016/j.crvi.2008.07.010 |pmid=19281946 |title=The molecular evolutionary tree of lizards, snakes, and amphisbaenians |journal=Comptes Rendus Biologies |volume=332 |issue=2–3 |pages=129–39 |year=2009 |last1=Vidal |first1=Nicolas |last2=Hedges |first2=S. Blair }} 3. ^1 2 3 {{cite journal| author1=Pyron | author2=Burbrink | author3=Wiens | year=2013 | title=A phylogeny and revised classification of Squamata, including 4161 species of lizards and snakes | journal=BMC Evolutionary Biology | volume=13 | page=93 | doi=10.1186/1471-2148-13-93 }} 4. ^{{cite journal|last1=Zheng|first1=Yuchi|last2=Wiens|first2=John J.|title=Combining phylogenomic and supermatrix approaches, and a time-calibrated phylogeny for squamate reptiles (lizards and snakes) based on 52 genes and 4162 species |journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution |date=2016 |volume= 94|issue= Pt B|pages=537–547 |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2015.10.009|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1055790315003127 |pmid=26475614}} 5. ^{{cite journal |doi=10.1098/rsbl.2012.0703 |pmid=22993238 |pmc=3497141 |title=Resolving the phylogeny of lizards and snakes (Squamata) with extensive sampling of genes and species |journal=Biology Letters |volume=8 |issue=6 |pages=1043–6 |year=2012 |last1=Wiens |first1=J. J. |last2=Hutter |first2=C. R. |last3=Mulcahy |first3=D. G. |last4=Noonan |first4=B. P. |last5=Townsend |first5=T. M. |last6=Sites |first6=J. W. |last7=Reeder |first7=T. W. }} 6. ^{{cite journal |last=McDowell |first=S.B. |author2=Bogert, C.M. |year=1954 |title=The systematic position of Lanthanotus and the affinities of the anguinomorphan lizards |journal=Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History |volume=105 |pages=1–141}} 7. ^{{cite journal |last=Lee |first=M.S.Y. |year=1997 |title=The phylogeny of varanoid lizards and the affinities of snakes |journal=Philosophical Transactions: Biological Sciences |volume=352 |issue=1349 |pages=53–91 |doi=10.1098/rstb.1997.0005|pmc=1691912 }} 8. ^{{Cite journal | last1 = Bhullar | first1 = B. A. S. | title = The Power and Utility of Morphological Characters in Systematics: A Fully Resolved Phylogeny of Xenosaurus and Its Fossil Relatives (Squamata: Anguimorpha) | doi = 10.3099/0027-4100-160.3.65 | journal = Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology | volume = 160 | issue = 3 | pages = 65–181| year = 2011 | pmid = | pmc = }} 1 : Anguimorpha |
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