“Pa-O National Army”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

Pa-O National Army

释义

References

{{EngvarB|date=April 2016}}{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2016}}{{distinguish|text=the Pa-O National Liberation Army}}{{infobox war faction
|name = Pa-O National Army
|native_name = ပအိုဝ်းအမျိုးသားတပ်မတော်
|native_name_lang = my
|war = the Internal conflict in Myanmar
|image =
|caption = Flag of the Pa-O people, used by the PNA
|active= {{Start date|df=yes|1949}}–{{End date|2009|12|9|df=yes}}
|leaders = U Aung Kham Hti^[1]
|ideology = Pa-O nationalism
|clans =
|previous = {{flagicon image|Pa-o nationality flag.svg}} Pa-O National Liberation Army
|headquarters = Taunggyi, Shan State, Myanmar
|area = Pa-O Self-Administered Zone
(controlled territory)
|strength =
|allies = {{flagicon image|Fighting Peacock Flag.png}} All Burma Students' Democratic Front
{{flagicon image|Flag of the Karenni Army.png}} Karenni Army
|opponents = {{flag|Myanmar}}

{{flagicon image|Flag of the Myanmar Armed Forces.svg}} Tatmadaw

{{flagdeco|Myanmar|1974}} Union of Myanmar
{{flagdeco|Myanmar|1974}} Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma (until 1988)
{{flagdeco|Myanmar|1948}} Union of Burma (until 1962)
|battles = Internal conflict in Myanmar
|website =
}}

The Pa-O National Army ({{lang-my|ပအိုဝ်းအမျိုးသားတပ်မတော်}}; abbreviated PNA) was a Pa-O paramilitary group in Myanmar (Burma). It was established in 1949, and was the armed wing of the Pa-O National Organisation, which has since become a political party that now has seats in the government of Myanmar.^[1]^[2] The PNA also has an informal alliance with the All Burma Students' Democratic Front (ABSDF) and the Karenni Army, in an attempt to prevent the spread of drug use and smuggling in their territory.

The PNA signed a ceasefire agreement with the then ruling State Peace and Development Council on 11 April 1991, and merged with other Pa-O paramilitary groups on 9 December 2009.^[2]^[3] The PNA has since disbanded, and its political wing, the PNO, now administers the Pa-O Self-Administered Zone, which consists of three townships in southern Shan State: Hopong, Hsi Hseng, and Pinlaung townships.^[4]

References

1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.mmpeacemonitor.org/stakeholders/armed-ethnic-groups|title=Armed ethnic groups|publisher=Myanmar Peace Monitor}}
2. ^¹{{cite web|url=http://mmpeacemonitor.org/stakeholders/stakeholders-overview/166-pnlo|title=PNLO|publisher=Myanmar Peace Monitor}}
3. ^{{cite book|last1=Kyaw|first1=Sann|last2=Christensen|first2=Russ|title=The Pa-O: Rebels and Refugees|date=2006|publisher=Silkworm Books|location=Chiang Mai|isbn=978-974-9575-93-2}}
4. ^¹{{cite book|last=South|first=Ashley|title=Ethnic Politics in Burma: States of Conflict|publisher=Routledge|location=Oxon|year=2008|pages=122–124|isbn=0-203-89519-3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Tv2OKKMoTEsC&pg=PT148&lpg=PT148}}

4 : Rebel groups in Myanmar|Separatism in Myanmar|Paramilitary organisations based in Myanmar|1949 establishments in Burma

随便看

开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。