| 词条 | Paul Wittouck |
| 释义 |
| name = Paul Grégoire Pierre Wittouck | image = Paul & Frans Wittouck.jpg | caption = Paul & Frantz Wittouck | birth_name = | birth_date = {{Birth date|1851|08|06|df=y}} | birth_place = Sint-Pieters-Leeuw, Belgium | death_date = {{Death date and age|1917|11|09|1851|08|06|df=y}} | death_place = Uccle, Belgium | nationality = Belgian | other_names = | occupation = Industrialist | known_for = }} Paul Grégoire Pierre Wittouck (6 August 1851 – 9 November 1917) was a Belgian industrialist. He and his brother Frantz Wittouck became the largest sugar manufacturers in Belgium in the period leading up to World War I (1914–18). Sugar manufacturerPaul and his brother Frans Wittouck (1855–1914) owned a sugar factory in Wanze.{{sfn|De Geschiedenis van de Tiense Suiker 2013}} They were the first in Belgium to produce crystallized sugar, and to sell sugar lumps.{{sfn|Meuwissen|1996}} The sugar factory at Wanze became the largest in Belgium after its reorganization by Paul Wittouck in 1887. During the 1887–88 period the factory used the juice of {{convert|2000000|kg}} of beets daily, extracted in 13 new plants. The manufacturing steps included carbonation, filtration, evaporation, cooking and processing by turbines.{{sfn|Tanret|1888|p=191}} In 1894 the brothers took over Vinckenbosch & Cie and turned it into a limited company.{{sfn|De Geschiedenis van de Tiense Suiker 2013}} Vinckenbosch's sugar refinery of Tienen ({{lang-fr|Raffinerie Tirlemontoise}}) had been founded in 1836–38.{{sfn|Meuwissen|1996}} The brothers faced fierce competition from other sugar manufacturers in Belgium, but emerged as the dominant firm.{{sfn|De Geschiedenis van de Tiense Suiker 2013}} Through a series of technical innovations and improvement the volume of sugar produced in Tienen rose from 7,000 tonnes in 1894 to 62,000 tonnes in 1913. The company began to export sugar and the take over other Belgian companies.{{sfn|De Geschiedenis van de Tiense Suiker 2013}} The Wanze and Tienen plants were integrated into one industrial group shortly before the outbreak of World War I in 1914. During the war the factories struggled to continue operations, but were able to manufacture enough to supply the major cities.{{sfn|De Geschiedenis van de Tiense Suiker 2013}} ChâteauThe Château de La Fougeraie was built for Paul Wittouck in 1911 by the architects Louis Süe (1875–1968) and Paul Huillard (1875–1966).{{sfn|Institut français d'architecture|1991|p=474}} The engineer was L. Bogaerts. Gustave Louis Jaulmes (1873–1959) decorated the interior.{{sfn|Objet SUELO-B-11-2...}} Sue, Huillard and Jaulmes avoided Art Nouveau for the château, and instead chose the fashionable Louis XVI style "à la Greque".{{sfn|Swimberghe|Verlinde|1997|p=}} Notes{{notes}}Sources{{refbegin}}
|title=De Geschiedenis van de Tiense Suiker – Expansie voor de Grote Oorlog|publisher=Tiense Suikerraffinaderij|date=2013|accessdate=2015-10-02}}
|author=Institut français d'architecture|title=Archives d'architecture du XXe siècle |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Uq4EDaTanWwC&pg=PA474|accessdate=2015-07-04 |date=1991-01-01|publisher=Mauad Editora Ltda|isbn=978-2-87009-446-4}}
|last=Meuwissen|first=Eric|date=1996-07-26 |title=Fortunes de Belgique: Victor Allard.. |accessdate=2015-10-01|journal=Le Soir|language=French}}
|title=Objet SUELO-B-11-2. Château de La Fougeraie pour Paul Wittouck, Bruxelles (Belgique). 1911 |work=Fonds Süe, Louis (1875-1968). 030 Ifa. Inventaire complet, réalisé par Susan Day, Sonia Gaubert, Marcos Carvalho-Canto sous la direction de Maurice Culot, Gilles Ragot |date=2013-08-27 |publisher=Centre d'archives de l'IFA|accessdate=2015-07-04}}
|last1=Swimberghe|first1=Piet|last2=Verlinde|first2=Jan|title=Living in Brussels |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8D2ovBRurZIC&pg=PA138|accessdate=2015-09-28 |year=1997|publisher=Lannoo Uitgeverij|translator=Maxim Crowley|isbn=978-90-209-4979-7}}
|last=Tanret|first=M.|title=La Sucrerie indigène et coloniale |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AJI6AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA191|accessdate=2015-10-02 |year=1888|publisher=Bureaux de la sucrerie indigène et coloniale|language=French|chapter=Sur une des bases extraites par M. Morin des liquides ayant subi la fermentation alcoolique}}{{refend}}{{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Wittouck, Paul Gregoire Pierre}} 4 : 1851 births|1917 deaths|Belgian businesspeople|People from Sint-Pieters-Leeuw |
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