请输入您要查询的百科知识：

　

词条 Philippine Sea order of battle
释义

  1. Japanese order of battle

     Van Force  "A" Force  "B" Force  Supply Forces  Submarine Forces 

  2. American order of battle

      Task Group 58.1    Task Group 58.2    Task Group 58.3    Task Group 58.4    Task Group 58.7  

  3. Notes

  4. References

  5. Bibliography

{{more citations needed|date=January 2019}}{{prose|date=January 2019}}{{multiple image
| direction = horizontal
| width = 140
| header = IJ Combined Fleet and US Pacific Fleet Commanders
| image1 = Toyoda_Soemu.JPG
| caption1 = Adm. Soemu Toyoda (HQ at Tokyo)
| image2 = Adm_Chester_Nimitz-1942.jpg
| caption2 = Adm. Chester W. Nimitz (HQ at Pearl Harbor)
}}

The Battle of the Philippine Sea was fought 19-20 June 1944 in the waters west of the Mariana Islands by elements of the Imperial Japanese Navy's Combined Fleet and of the United States Navy's Pacific Fleet. The battle exacted a terrible toll from the Japanese naval air arm, costing them most of their few remaining experienced pilots. The Combined Fleet was no longer capable of serious offensive operations after this engagement. Historian Samuel Eliot Morison characterized it this way:

Since the Japanese assumed the tactical offensive, their forces are listed first.

{{flagdeco|Empire of Japan|naval}} Japanese forces
  • Combat ships: 3 fleet carriers, 2 old fleet carriers, 4 light carriers, 2 new battleships, 3 old battleships, 7 heavy cruisers, 2 light cruisers, 34 destroyers, 6 oilers, 7 1st-class submarines, 17 2nd-class submarines
  • Air units: 222 fighters, 113 dive bombers, 95 torpedo bombers
{{flagdeco|United States|1912}} American forces
  • Combat ships: 7 fleet carriers, 8 light carriers, 7 fast battleships, 8 heavy cruisers, 6 light cruisers, 7 anti-aircraft light cruisers, 70 destroyers
  • Air units: 423 fighters, 233 dive bombers, 194 torpedo bombers, 23 night fighters
Ship losses during campaign
IJN: 2 fleet carriers, 1 old fleet carrier, 5 destroyers, 2 oilers, 4 1st-class submarines, 9 2nd-class submarines
USN: -none-
Aircraft losses
IJN: 243
USN: 130

Japanese order of battle

Mobile Fleet[2]

Vice Admiral Jisaburō Ozawa in Taihō

Van Force

Vice Admiral Takeo Kurita in Atago

Carrier Division 3 (Rear Admiral Sueo Obayashi):

  • 3 light carriers
    • Chitose
    • Chiyoda
    • Zuihō
    • Air Unit
    • 62 Mitsubishi A6M "Zeke" fighters
    • 17 Nakajima B5N "Kate" torpedo bombers
    •   9 Nakajima B6N "Jill" torpedo bombers

Battleship Division 1 (Vice Admiral Matome Ugaki):

  • 2 new battleships: Yamato, Musashi

Battleship Division 3 (Vice admiral Yoshio Suzuki):

  • 2 old battleships: Kongō, Haruna

Cruiser Division 4 (Vice Admiral Kurita):

  • 4 heavy cruisers: Atago, Chokai, Maya, Takao

Screen (Rear Admiral Mikio Hayakawa in Noshiro):

  • 1 light cruiser: Noshiro
  • 1 super destroyer (41 knots, 15 torpedo tubes): Shimakaze
  • 8 destroyers
    • 7 Yūgumo class (6 x 5-in. main battery): Kishinami, Okinami, Naganami, Asashimo, Tamanami, Hayanami (sunk 7 June by submarine), Fujinami
    • 1 Kagerō class (6 x 5-in. main battery): Hamakaze

"A" Force

Vice Admiral Ozawa

Carrier Division 1 (Vice Admiral Ozawa):

  • 3 fleet carriers
    • Taihō (sunk 19 June by internal explosion)
    • Shōkaku (sunk 19 June by submarine)
    • Zuikaku
    • Air Unit
    • 79 Mitsubishi A6M "Zeke" fighters
    • 70 Yokosuka D4Y "Judy" dive bombers
    •   7 Aichi D3A "Val" dive bombers
    • 51 Nakajima B6N "Jill" torpedo bombers

Cruiser Division 5 (Rear Admiral Shintaro Hashimoto):

  • 2 heavy cruisers: Myoko, Haguro

Screen (Rear Admiral Susumu Kimura in Yahagi):

  • 1 light cruiser: Yahagi
  • 9 destroyers
    • 1 Asashio class (6 x 5-in. main battery): Asagumo
    • 3 Kagerō class (6 x 5-in. main battery): Isokaze, Tanikaze (sunk 9 June by submarine), Urakaze
    • 4 Akizuki class (8 x 3.9-in. main battery): Akizuki, Hatsuzuki, Wakatsuki, Shimotsuki
    • 1 Mutsuki class (4 x 4.7-in. main battery): Minazuki (sunk 6 June by submarine)

"B" Force

Rear Admiral Takaji Joshima

Carrier Division 2 (Rear Admiral Joshima):

  • 2 old fleet carriers: Junyō, Hiyō (sunk 19 June by air attack)
  • 1 light carrier: Ryūhō
    • Air Unit
    • 81 Mitsubishi A6M "Zeke" fighters
    • 27 Yokosuka D4Y "Judy" dive bombers
    •   9 Aichi D3A "Val" dive bombers
    • 18 Nakajima B6N "Jill" torpedo bombers
  • 1 old battleship: Nagato
  • 1 heavy cruiser: Mogami

Screen:

  • 9 destroyers
    • 2 Asashio class (6 x 5-in. main battery): Michishio, Yamagumo
    • 2 Kagerō class (6 x 5-in. main battery): Nowaki, Hamakaze
    • 2 Yūgumo class (6 x 5-in. main battery): Hayashimo, Akishimo
    • 4 Shiratsuyu class (5 x 5-in. main battery): Shiratsuyu (sunk 14 June following collision with Seiyo Maru), Shigure, Samidare, Harusame (sunk 8 June by air attack)

Supply Forces

1st Supply Force
  • 4 oilers: Hayasui, Nichiei Maru, Kokuyo Maru, Seiyo Maru (sunk 14 June following collision with Shiratsuyu)
  • 4 destroyers: Hibiki, Hatsushimo, Yūnagi, Tsuga
2nd Supply Force
  • 2 oilers: Genyo Maru (sunk 20 June), Azusa Maru
  • 2 destroyers: Yukikaze, Uzuki

Submarine Forces

Vice Admiral Takeo Takagi at Saipan

  • 7 1st class submarines
    • I-5 (sunk 19 July by depth charges), I-10 (sunk 4 July by depth charges), I-38, I-41, I-53, I-184 (sunk 19 June by aircraft), I-185 (sunk 22 June by depth charges)
  • 17 2nd class submarines
    • RO-36 (sunk 13 June by depth charges), RO-41, RO-42 (sunk 10 June by depth charges), RO-43, RO-44 (sunk 16 June by depth charges), RO-47, RO-68, RO-104 (sunk 23 May by depth charges), RO-105 (sunk 31 May by depth charges), RO-106 (sunk 22 May by depth charges), RO-108 (sunk 26 May by depth charges), RO-112, RO-113, RO-114 (sunk 17 June by depth charges), RO-115, RO-116 (sunk 23 May by depth charges), RO-117 (sunk 17 June by depth charges)

American order of battle

{{multiple image
| direction = horizontal
| width = 140
| header = Fleet and Fast Carrier commanders
| image1 = Ray_Spruance.jpg
| caption1 = Vice Adm. Raymond A. Spruance
| image2 = Marc_Mitscher.jpg
| caption2 = Vice Adm. Marc A. Mitscher
}}US Fifth Fleet[3]

Admiral Raymond A. Spruance in heavy cruiser Indianapolis

Task Force 58 – Fast Carrier Forces

Vice Admiral Marc A. Mitscher in fleet carrier Lexington

Task Group 58.1

Rear Admiral Joseph J. Clark

2 fleet carriers:
  • Hornet (Capt. W.D. Sample)
    • Air Group 2 (Cmdr. J.D. Arnold)
    • 36 F6F Hellcat fighters (Lt. Cmdr. W.A. Dean)
    • 33 SB2C Helldiver dive bombers (Lt. Cmdr. G.B. Campbell)
    •   4 TBF Avenger, 14 TBM Avenger torpedo bombers (Lt. Cmdr. L.M.D. Ford)
    •   4 F6F-xN Hellcat night fighters (Lt. R.L. Reiserer)
  • Yorktown (Capt. R.E. Jennings)
    • Air Group 1 (Cmdr. J.M. Peters)
    • 41 F6F Hellcat fighters (Lt. Cmdr. B.M. Strean)
    • 40 SB2C Helldiver, 4 SBD-5 Dauntless dive bombers (Lt. Cmdr. J.W. Runyan, USNR)
    •   1 TBF Avenger, 16 TBM Avenger torpedo bombers (Lt. Cmdr. W.F. Henry)
    •   4 F6F-xN Hellcat night fighters (Lt. A.C. Benjes)
2 light carriers:
  • Belleau Wood (Capt. John Perry)
    • Air Group 24 (Cmdr. E.M. Link)
    • 26 F6F Hellcat fighters (Lt. Cmdr. Link)
    •   3 TBF Avenger, 6 TBM Avenger torpedo bombers (Lt. R.M. Swensson)
  • Bataan (Capt. V.H. Schaeffer)
    • Air Group 50 (Lt. Cmdr. J.C. Strange, USNR)
    • 24 F6F Hellcat fighters (Lt. Cmdr. Strange)
    •   9 TBM Avenger torpedo bombers (Lt. Cmdr. L.V. Swanson)

3 heavy cruisers (Rear Admiral L.H. Thebaud):

  • Baltimore (Capt. W.C. Calhoun), Boston (Capt. E.E. Herrmann), Canberra (Capt. A.R. Early)

2 anti-aircraft light cruisers{{efn|These cruisers were intended as destroyer leaders when designed. After the first two to be used in this role, Atlanta and Juneau, were lost at the Naval Battle of Guadalcanal, this mission was rejected and the anti-aircraft mission adopted.[4]}}: (Rear Admiral Thebaud):

  • San Juan (Capt. G.W. Clark), Oakland (Capt. W.K. Philips)

14 destroyers (Capt. Clark):

  • 9 Fletcher class (5 x 5-in. main battery): Bell, Boyd, Bradford, Brown, Burns, Charrette, Conner, Cowell, Izard
  • 4 Gridley class (4 x 5-in. main battery): Craven, Gridley, Maury, McCall
  • 1 Bagley class (4 x 5-in. main battery): Helm

Task Group 58.2

Rear Admiral Alfred E. Montgomery

2 fleet carriers:
  • Bunker Hill (Capt. T.P. Jeter)
    • Air Group 8 (Cmdr. R.L. Shifley)
    • 37 F6F Hellcat fighters (Lt. Cmdr. W.M. Collins)
    • 33 SB2C Helldiver dive bombers (Lt. Cmdr. J.D. Arbes)
    • 13 TBF Avenger, 5 TBM Avenger torpedo bombers (Lt. Cmdr. K.F. Musick)
    •   4 F6F-xN Hellcat night fighters (Lt. Cmdr. E.P. Aurand)
  • Wasp (Capt. C.A.F. Sprague)
    • Air Group 14 (Cmdr. W.C. Wingard)
    • 34 F6F Hellcat fighters (Lt. Cmdr. E.W. Biros, USNR)
    • 32 SB2C Helldiver dive bombers (Lt. Cmdr. J.D. Blitch)
    • 18 TBF Avenger torpedo bombers (Lt. Cmdr. H.S. Roberts, USNR)
    •   4 F6F-xN Hellcat night fighters (Lt. J.H. Boyum)
2 light carriers:
  • Cabot (Capt. S.J. Michael)
    • Air Group 31 (Lt. Cmdr. R.A. Winston)
    • 24 F6F Hellcat fighters (Lt. Cmdr. Winston)
    •   1 TBF Avenger, 8 TBM Avenger torpedo bombers (Lt. E.E. Wood, USNR)
  • Monterey (Capt. S.H. Ingersoll)
    • Air Group 28 (Lt. Cmdr. R.W. Mehle, USNR)
    • 21 F6F Hellcat fighters (Lt. Cmdr. Mehle)
    •   8 TBF Avenger torpedo bombers (Lt. Cmdr. R.P. Gift, USNR)

3 light cruisers (Rear Admiral L.T. Dubose):

  • Santa Fe, Mobile, Biloxi
12 destroyers:
  • 9 Fletcher class (5 x 5-in. main battery): Hickox, Hunt, Lewis Hancock, Marshall, Miller, Owen, Stephen Potter, The Sullivans, Tingey
  • 3 Farragut class (4 x 5-in. main battery): Dewey, Hull, MacDonough

Task Group 58.3

Rear Admiral John W. Reeves

2 fleet carriers:
  • Enterprise (Capt. M.B. Gardner)
    • Air Group 10 (Cmdr. W.R. Kane)
    • 31 F6F Hellcat fighters (Lt. R.W. Schumann)
    • 21 SBD Dauntless dive bombers (Lt. Cmdr. J.D. Ramage)
    •   9 TBF Avenger, 5 TBM Avenger torpedo bombers (Lt. Cmdr. W.I. Martin)
    •   3 F4U Corsair night fighters (Lt. Cmdr. R.E. Harmer)
  • Lexington (Capt. E.W. Litch)
    • Air Group 16 (Cmdr. E.M. Snowden)
    • 37 F6F Hellcat fighters (Lt. Cmdr. Ralph Weymouth)
    • 34 SBD Dauntless dive bombers (Lt. Cmdr. Ralph Weymouth)
    • 17 TBF Avenger, 1 TBM Avenger torpedo bombers (Lt. Cmdr. N.A. Sterrie, USNR)
    •   4 F6F-xN Hellcat fighters (Lt. W.H. Abercrombie, USNR)
2 light carriers:
  • San Jacinto (Capt. H.M. Martin)
    • Air Group 51 (Lt. Cmdr. C.L. Moore)
    • 24 F6F Hellcat fighters (Lt. Cmdr. Moore)
    •   6 TBF Avenger, 2 TBM Avenger torpedo bombers (Lt. Cmdr. D.J. Melvin)
  • Princeton (Capt. W.H. Buracker)
    • Air Group 27 (Lt. Cmdr. E.W. Wood – KIA)
    • 24 F6F Hellcat fighters (Lt. Cmdr. Wood)
    •   9 TBM Avenger torpedo bombers (Lt. Cmdr. S.M. Haley, USNR)
1 heavy cruiser:
  • Indianapolis (Capt. E.R. Johnson)
3 light cruisers:
  • Montpelier (Capt. H.D. Hoffman), Cleveland (Capt. A.G. Shepard), Birmingham (Capt. T.B. Inglis)
1 anti-aircraft light cruiser{{efn|These cruisers were intended as destroyer leaders when designed. After the first two to be used in this role, Atlanta and Juneau, were lost at the Naval Battle of Guadalcanal, this mission was rejected and the anti-aircraft mission adopted.[4]}}:
  • Reno (Capt. R.C. Alexander)
Screen:
  • 16 Fletcher class destroyers (5 x 5-in. main battery): Anthony, Braine, Caperton, Clarence K. Bronson, Cogswell, Cotten, Dortch, Gatling, Healy, Ingersoll, Knapp, Terry, Wadsworth

Task Group 58.4

Rear Admiral William K. Harrill

1 fleet carrier:
  • Essex (Capt. R.A. Ofstie)
    • Air Group 15 (Cmdr. David McCampbell)
    • 38 F6F Hellcat fighters (Lt. Cmdr. C.W. Brewer -- KIA)
    • 36 SB2C Helldiver dive bombers (Lt. Cmdr. J.H. Mini)
    • 15 TBF Avenger, 5 TBM Avenger torpedo bombers (Lt. Cmdr. V.G. Lambert)
    •   4 F6F-xN Hellcat night fighters (Lt. R.M. Freeman)
2 light carriers:
  • Langley (Capt. W.M. Dillon)
    • Air Group 32 (Lt. Cmdr. E.C. Outlaw)
    • 23 F6F Hellcat fighters (Lt. Cmdr. Outlaw)
    •   7 TBF Avenger, 2 TBM Avenger torpedo bombers (Lt. D.A. Marks)
  • Cowpens (Capt. H.W. Taylor)
    • Air Group 25 (Lt. Cmdr. R.H. Price)
    • 23 F6F Hellcat fighters (Lt. Cmdr. Price)
    •   3 TBF Avenger, 6 TBM Avenger torpedo bombers (Lt. R.B. Cottingham, USNR)
3 light cruisers:
  • Vincennes (Capt. A.D. Brown), Houston (Capt. W.W. Behrens), Miami (Capt. J.G. Crawford)
1 anti-aircraft light cruiser{{efn|These cruisers were intended as destroyer leaders when designed. After the first two to be used in this role, Atlanta and Juneau, were lost at the Naval Battle of Guadalcanal, this mission was rejected and the anti-aircraft mission adopted.[4]}}:
  • San Diego (Capt. L.J. Hudson)
14 destroyers:
  • 6 Fletcher class (5 x 5-in. main battery): Charles Ausburne, Stanly, Dyson, Converse, Spence, Thatcher
  • 1 Mahan class (5 x 5-in. main battery): Case
  • 3 Gleaves class (4 x 5-in. main battery): Lansdowne, Lardner, McCalla
  • 4 Benham class (4 x 5-in. main battery): Lang, Sterett, Wilson, Ellet

Task Group 58.7

Vice Admiral Willis Augustus Lee

7 fast battleships
  • Battleship Division 6 (Vice Admiral Lee)
    • 2 North Carolina class: North Carolina, Washington
  • Battleship Division 7 (Rear Admiral O.M. Hustvedt)
    • 2 Iowa class: Iowa, New Jersey
  • Battleship Division 8 (Rear Admiral G.B. Davis)
    • 1 South Dakota class: Indiana
  • Battleship Division 9 (Rear Admiral E.W. Hanson)
    • 2 South Dakota class: South Dakota, Alabama
4 heavy cruisers:
  • Wichita (Capt. J.J. Mahoney), Minneapolis (Capt. Harry Slocum), New Orleans (Capt. J.E. Hurff), San Francisco (Capt. H.E. Overesch)
14 destroyers:
  • 1 Porter class (8 x 5-in. main battery): Selfridge
  • 9 Fletcher class (5 x 5-in. main battery): Halford, Guest, Bennett, Fullam, Hudson, Yarnall, Twining, Stockham, Monssen
  • 3 Bagley class (4 x 5-in. main battery): Bagley, Mugford, Patterson
  • 1 Mahan class (5 x 5-in. main battery): Conyngham

Notes

{{Notelist}}

References

1. ^Morison 1953, pp. 277-278
2. ^Morison 1953, pp. 416-417
3. ^Morison 1953, pp. 412-415
4. ^1 2 Stille 2016, p. 7

Bibliography

{{Refbegin}}
  • {{citation

| last = Morison
| first = Samuel Eliot
| authorlink = Samuel Eliot Morison
| title = New Guinea and the Marianas, March 1944 – August 1944
| series = History of United States Naval Operations in World War II
| volume = VIII
| publisher = Little, Brown and Co.
| location = Boston
| date = 1953}}
  • {{cite book

| last = Stille
| first = Mark
| year = 2016
| chapter =
| title = US Navy Light Cruisers, 1941-45
| publisher = Osprey Publishing, Ltd.
| location = Oxford
| isbn = 978-1-4728-1140-0}}

1 : World War II orders of battle
随便看

　

开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。

　

Copyright © 2023 OENC.NET All Rights Reserved
京ICP备2021023879号 更新时间：2024/9/23 6:35:07