“Alabama House of Representatives”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The Alabama House of Representatives is the lower house of the Alabama Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Alabama. The House is composed of 105 members representing an equal number of districts, with each constituency containing at least 42,380 citizens. There are no term limits in the House. The House is also one of the five lower houses of state legislatures in the United States that is elected every four years. Other lower houses, including the United States House of Representatives, are elected for a two-year term.

Powers and process

All revenue-raising matters must originate in the Alabama House, just as in the Congress of the United States. The House must have a quorum to conduct business, and a majority of a quorum can pass any bill except a constitutional amendment, which requires a three-fifths vote of all those elected. An appropriation to a non-government organization, such as a private college, requires a two-thirds vote of those elected. In order to be a member of the Alabama House of Representatives, one must be a minimum of 21 years of age.

Membership

The Alabama House of Representatives is composed of 105 members, chosen from an equal number of districts across the state. Each member represents a district of approximately 42,000 people,^[2] and is elected to a four-year term. Members of the House at the time of their election must have been citizens of Alabama for three years, and have lived in their respective districts for at least one year immediately preceding their election. The Speaker of the House is a member of the body and is elected by his colleagues to serve as its presiding officer.

Members of the House are paid a salary of ten dollars per day, plus expenses other than travel in an amount fixed by joint resolution of the legislature.

Leadership

The Speaker of the House presides over the House of Representatives. The Speaker is elected by the majority party caucus followed by confirmation of the full House through the passage of a House Resolution. In addition to presiding over the body, the Speaker is also the chief leadership position and controls the flow of legislation and committee assignments. Other House leaders, such as the majority and minority leaders, are elected by their respective party caucuses relative to their party's strength in the chamber.

Composition

House Leadership

Majority Leadership^[3]^[4]

Minority Leadership^[5]

House roster

Past composition of the House

Throughout most of the state's history, the Democratic Party has held the majority in the Alabama House of Representatives except for a few brief exceptions. The Whig Party controlled the lower house in 1819 and again in 1821-23 and for the last time in 1837-1838. After the Civil War, Republicans held the majority during the Reconstruction period from 1868-1870 and again from 1872-1874. This was followed by 136 years of Democratic control ending in November, 2010. Beginning with the 2010 General Election Republicans swept to a large majority and have increased it in the succeeding elections in 2014 and 2018.

Committees

See also

References

1. ^http://www.ncsl.org/Portals/1/Documents/legismgt/2016_Leg_Comp_Session_Per%20Diem_Mileage.pdf
2. ^Article IV, Section 50 of the Alabama Constitution.
3. ^{{Cite web|url=http://alhousegop.org/state-rep-danny-garrett-serve-house-majority-whip-2018-2022-quadrennium/|title=State Rep. Danny Garrett To Serve As House Majority Whip For 2018-2022 Quadrennium|last=gopadmin|date=2018-12-19|website=Alabama House Republican Caucus|language=en-US|access-date=2019-02-19}}
4. ^{{Cite web|url=http://alhousegop.org/republican-caucus-elects-state-rep-nathaniel-ledbetter-serve-house-majority-leader-state-rep-connie-rowe-elected-caucus-vice-chair/|title=Republican Caucus Elects State Rep. Nathaniel Ledbetter To Serve As House Majority Leader, State Rep. Connie Rowe Elected Caucus Vice Chair|last=gopadmin|date=2018-11-14|website=Alabama House Republican Caucus|language=en-US|access-date=2019-02-19}}
5. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.alabamahousedems.com/ahdc-leadership-members/|title=Alabama House Democratic Caucus|website=A Clean, Competent and Competitive Alabama|language=en|access-date=2019-02-19}}
6. ^{{cite web |url=http://openstates.org/al/committees/?chamber=lower |title=Alabama House Committees|date=2014-04-09 |website=Open States |publisher=Sunlight Foundation |accessdate=2014-04-09}}