| 词条 | Pre-Columbian Honduras |
| 释义 |
The territory of current Honduras was inhabited by two culturally distinct peoples: the Maya civilization and the Nahua. CultureThese cultures reached big attainments in the diverse fields of the human knowledge. AgricultureThey were promoted by the development of a varied agriculture (bean, cocoa, chili pepper, etc.) and had big irrigation systems which guaranteed a suitable production for his numerous populations. ArtsThey developed techniques of great sophistication in fabrics and the ceramics. They developed an intense and varied trade. SciencesThey reached a high scientific development in mathematics and astronomy; in addition to architecture and sculpture, that employed in the construction of big cities.[1] Toltec culturesIn the northwestern section of Honduras, villages with Tolteca influences predominated, between them the following:
Nomadic and semi-nomadic culturesThe rest of the Honduran territory is inhabited by villages from the south of the continent, with a nomadic and semi-nomadic cultures, governed by relations of primitive communal production. Between these villages found the following:
Into this group, falls the majority of the population of the country.[3] LencasThe largest population is the Lencas who, when the Spanish arrived, were the most widespread and organised of the groups of the country. They lived in populations of considerable size, with an average of 350 houses and much more of 500 pobladores.[4] Although scientific controversies exist on the descendants and origin of the Lencas, of agreement to Rodolfo Baron Castro, are the direct rests heirs of the mayas, that did not follow the exodus that gave end to the Ancient Empire. At the arrival of the Spaniards, they were established in the territory that today comprise the Republics of El Salvador and Honduras."[5] The area maya comprises what in our days are the countries of Honduras, Guatemala, El Salvador and Mexico.[6]{{RS|date=June 2018}} The Maya flowered in these countries in the first fifteen centuries of the Christian era.[7] Causes unknown to this day, caused the abandonment and destruction of Copán and other Mayan cities, that in the period of the Spanish conquest were no longer more than ruins. Hunger, plagues, internal wars have been proposed as causes of the abandonment.[8] See also
References1. ^{{Citation|title=La comunidad primitiva de Honduras |trans-title=The Primitive Community of Honduras |first=Longino |last=Becerra|date=1981|publisher=Editorial Universitaria|language=Spanish|postscript=.}} 2. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=W1HVI4mMGjIC&pg=PA68&lpg=PA68|title=Pueblos indígenas y garífuna de Honduras|access-date=14 February 2011|first=Ramón D.|last=Rivas|date=1993|publisher=Editorial Universitaria|location=Tegucigalpa|language=Spanish|isbn=99926-15-53-2}} 3. ^{{Cite book|last=Stone|first=Doris|title=Demarcación de la culturas pre-colombinas del centro y norte de Honduras |trans-title=Demarcation of Central and North Honduran Pre-Columbian Cultures |language=Spanish|date=1940|editor-first=Doris|editor-last=Stone|location=Tegucigalpa|chapter=Introducción}} 4. ^{{Cite book|last=Chapman|first=Anne|title=Los Lencas de Honduras|language=Spanish|date=1978|location=Tegucigalpa|chapter=Introducción}} 5. ^{{Cite book|last=Baron Castro|first=Rodolfo|title=La Población de El Salvador|trans-title=The Population of El Salvador|language=Spanish|date=1978|publisher=UCA Editores|location=Tegucigalpa}} 6. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.angelfire.com/ca5/mas/maya/maya.html|title=Honduras antes de Colon|trans-title=Honduras before Columbus|website=angelfire.com|access-date=14 February 2008}} 7. ^{{Cite book|last=Aplícano Mendieta|first=Pedro|title=Los mayas en Honduras |trans-title=The Mayas in Honduras |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GUdlAAAAMAAJ|access-date=14 February 2011|language=Spanish|date=1969|publisher=Impr. y Papelería Calderón|location=Tegucigalpa|quote=Los mayas florecieron en estos países en los primeros 15 siglos de la era cristiana}} 8. ^{{Cite book|last=Swiggett|first=Glen Levin|title=Proceedings of the Second Pan American Scientific Congress|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b6zLAAAAMAAJ|access-date=14 February 2011|date=1917|location=Washington|chapter=Introducción}} 6 : Indigenous peoples of the Americas|Honduran culture|Ethnic groups in Honduras|History of Honduras|Languages of Honduras|Indigenous peoples in Honduras |
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