| 词条 | Predictions of the end of Wikipedia |
| 释义 |
Various publications and commentators have offered a range of predictions of the end of Wikipedia. As soon as Wikipedia became well-known, around 2005, one scenario of doom after another has appeared, based on various assumptions and allegations. For example, some claim a degradation in quality of Wikipedia's articles, while others say potential editors are turning away. Prophets of doom suggest that a rival website will appear and supplant it, or that disagreements within the Wikipedia community will lead to the collapse of Wikipedia as a project. Some predictions present a criticism of Wikipedia as a fatal flaw, and some go on to predict that another website will do what Wikipedia does, but without that fatal flaw, thus making it a Wikipedia-killer, capturing the attention and resources which Wikipedia currently gets. Many online encyclopedias exist; proposed replacements for Wikipedia have included Google's since-closed Knol,[1][2] Wolfram Alpha,[3] and AOL's Owl.[4] FactorsSome critics cite specific hoaxes, error, propaganda and other poor content, and assert that the lack of good content will lead to people finding better content elsewhere.[5][6] Wikipedia is crowdsourced by a few million volunteer editors. Tens of thousands contribute the majority of contents and do quality control and maintenance work. In the 2010s their numbers have not steadily grown and have sometimes declined. Various sources have predicted that Wikipedia will eventually have too few editors to be functional, and will collapse due to lack of participation.[5][7][8][9][10][11][12] Wikipedia has a few thousand volunteer administrators who perform various functions, including functions similar to those carried out by a forum moderator. Critics have described their actions as harsh, bureaucratic, biased, unfair, or capricious, and predicted that the resulting outrage will lead to the site's closure.[5][13][14] Some such critics are aware of the duties of administrators; others merely assume they govern the site. Decline in editorsA 2014 trend analysis published in The Economist stated that "The number of editors for the English-language version has fallen by a third in seven years."[15] The attrition rate for active editors in English Wikipedia was described by The Economist as substantially higher than in other languages (non-English Wikipedias). It reported that in other languages, the number of "active editors" (those with at least five edits per month) has been relatively constant since 2008: some 42,000 editors, with narrow seasonal variances of about 2,000 editors up or down. In the English Wikipedia, the number of active editors peaked in 2007 at about 50,000 editors, and fell to 30,000 editors in 2014. If this trend continues, by 2021 there will only 10,000 active editors on the English Wikipedia.[15] Given that the trend analysis published in The Economist presents the number of active editors for Wikipedia in other languages (non-English Wikipedia) as remaining relatively constant, sustaining their numbers at approximately 42,000 active editors, the contrast has pointed to the effectiveness of Wikipedia in those languages to retain their active editors on a renewable and sustained basis.[15] No comment was made concerning which of the differences in policy standards between Wikipedia in English and in other languages might provide an alternative to English Wikipedia for effectively ameliorating editor attrition rates on the English-language Wikipedia.[16] Andrew Lih and Andrew Brown both maintain editing Wikipedia with smartphones is difficult and discourages new potential contributors. In a 2013 article, Tom Simonite of MIT Technology Review said that for several years running the number of Wikipedia editors had been falling and claimed the bureaucratic structure and rules are a factor in this. Simonite alleged that some Wikipedians use the labyrinthine rules and guidelines to dominate others and have a vested interest in keeping the status quo.[17] Lih alleges there is serious disagreement among existing contributors how to resolve this. Lih fears for Wikipedia's long-term future while Brown fears problems with Wikipedia will remain and rival encyclopedias will not replace it.[10][7]See also
References1. ^{{cite web|url=https://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/07/23/wikipedia-meet-knol/|title=Wikipedia, Meet Knol|last1=Helft|first1=Miguel|date=23 July 2008|website=The New York Times|language=en}} {{Wikipedia}}2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.zdnet.com/article/google-knol-yup-its-a-wikipedia-killer/|title=Google Knol - Yup, it's a Wikipedia killer|last1=Dawson|first1=Christopher|date=28 July 2008|website=ZDNet|publisher=CBS Interactive|language=en}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.zdnet.com/article/wolfram-alpha-wikipedia-killer/|title=Wolfram Alpha: Wikipedia killer?|last1=Dawson|first1=Christopher|date=17 May 2009|website=ZDNet|publisher=CBS Interactive|language=en}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.mediapost.com/publications/article/120803/is-owl-aols-wikipedia-killer.html|title=Is Owl AOL's Wikipedia-Killer?|author1=Techcrunch|date=18 January 2010|website=www.mediapost.com|language=en}} 5. ^1 2 {{cite web|last1=Simonite|first1=Tom |title=The Decline of Wikipedia |url=https://www.technologyreview.com/s/520446/the-decline-of-wikipedia/|website=MIT Technology Review |publisher=Massachusetts Institute of Technology|language=en|date=22 October 2013}} 6. ^{{cite web|last1=Dawson|first1=Christopher |title=Will Virgin Killer be a Wikipedia killer? |url=http://www.zdnet.com/article/will-virgin-killer-be-a-wikipedia-killer/ |website=ZDNet|publisher=CBS Interactive|language=en|date=9 December 2008}} 7. ^1 {{cite news|last1=Lih|first1=Andrew|authorlink1=Andrew Lih |title=Can Wikipedia Survive? |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/21/opinion/can-wikipedia-survive.html |website=The New York Times|date=20 June 2015}} 8. ^{{cite web|last1=Halfaker|first1=Aaron|last2=Geiger|first2=R. Stuart|last3=Morgan|first3=Jonathan T.|last4=Riedl|first4=John |title=The Rise and Decline of an Open Collaboration System |url=https://www-users.cs.umn.edu/~halfak/publications/The_Rise_and_Decline/halfaker13rise-preprint.pdf |website=American Behavioral Scientist|pages=664–688 |doi=10.1177/0002764212469365|date=28 December 2012}} 9. ^{{cite web|last1=Chen|first1=Adrian |title=Wikipedia Is Slowly Dying |url=http://gawker.com/5827835/wikipedia-is-slowly-dying|website=Gawker |date=4 August 2011}} 10. ^1 {{cite web|last1=Brown|first1=Andrew |title=Wikipedia editors are a dying breed. The reason? Mobile |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/jun/25/wikipedia-editors-dying-breed-mobile-smartphone-technology-online-encyclopedia |website=The Guardian|date=25 June 2015}} 11. ^{{cite web|last1=Angwin|first1=Julia|last2=Fowler|first2=Geoffrey A. |title=Volunteers Log Off as Wikipedia Ages |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB125893981183759969|website=Wall Street Journal|date=27 November 2009}} 12. ^{{cite web|last1=Derakhshan|first1=Hossein |title=How Social Media Endangers Knowledge |url=https://www.wired.com/story/wikipedias-fate-shows-how-the-web-endangers-knowledge/|website=Wired|date=19 October 2017}} 13. ^{{cite web|last1=James|first1=Andrea |title=Watching Wikipedia's extinction event from a distance |url=https://boingboing.net/2017/02/14/watching-wikipedias-extincti.html|website=Boing Boing |date=14 February 2017}} 14. ^{{cite web|last1=Carr|first1=Nicholas G.|authorlink1=Nicholas G. Carr |title=The death of Wikipedia |url=http://www.roughtype.com/?p=394|website=ROUGH TYPE|date=24 May 2006}} 15. ^1 2 {{cite news |url = https://www.economist.com/news/international/21597959-popular-online-encyclopedia-must-work-out-what-next-wikipeaks |title = The future of Wikipedia: WikiPeaks? |work = The Economist |date = March 1, 2014 |accessdate = March 11, 2014 }} 16. ^Andrew Lih. Wikipedia. Alternative edit policies at Wikipedia in other languages. 17. ^{{cite journal |last = Simonite |first = Tom |url = http://www.technologyreview.com/featuredstory/520446/the-decline-of-wikipedia/ |title = The Decline of Wikipedia |date = October 22, 2013 |journal = MIT Technology Review |accessdate = November 30, 2013 }} 2 : Criticism of Wikipedia|Media disestablishments |
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