| 词条 | Presidential elections in South Korea | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
Presidential elections in South Korea determine who will serve as the President of South Korea for the next five years (formerly four, six, and seven). Since the establishment of the First Republic in 1948, the presidential elections have taken place 20 times (19 excluding the March 1960 election whose results were invalidated after the April Revolution): in 1948, 1952, 1956, 1960 (in March and August), 1963, 1967, 1971, 1972, 1978, 1979, 1980, 1981, 1987, 1992, 1997, 2002, 2007, 2012, and 2017. Prior to the Presidential Election Act of 1987, the elections were indirect. Since 1987, the president is elected directly by the public in a single round plurality vote (using the first-past-the-post simple plurality system) for a single, non-renewable five-year term.[1][2][3][4][5] Procedure (1987–present)The presidential election rules are defined by the South Korean Constitution and the Public Official Election Act. Election campaignThe election campaign period, as set by the Election Law, is short – 23 days. According to the book Internet Election Campaigns in the United States, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan, the election campaign periods in Korea (23 days for presidential elections and 14 days for National Assembly elections)[6] were made intentionally short in order to "prevent excessive campaign spending for long-running election campaigns and harmful effects from overheated elections", but, on the downside, "this works against new candidates who are not well known".[7] Popular voteThe president is elected by direct popular vote, It is conducted in a single round on a first-past-the-post basis.[1][2][3][4][5] Summary of past presidential electionsWinning party ideology: {{legend2|{{Conservative (South Korea)/meta/color}}|Conservative|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{·}} {{legend2|{{Liberal (South Korea)/meta/color}}|Liberal|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{·}} {{legend2|{{Independent (politician)/meta/color}}|Independent|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
See also
References1. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://theseoultimes.com/ST/?url=/ST/db/read.php?idx=13347|title=A Primer on the 19th South Korean Presidential Election in 2017|work=The Seoul Times|accessdate=2018-03-11}} {{South Korean elections}}{{South Korea topics}}2. ^1 {{cite book|author=Jae-jin Yang|title=The Political Economy of the Small Welfare State in South Korea|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XBs0DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA96&dq=%22single+nonrenewable+five-year+term%22|date=28 September 2017|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1-108-41590-3|pages=96–}} 3. ^1 {{cite book|author=Andrew J. Nathan|title=How East Asians View Democracy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hSs_7zKakiEC&pg=PA41&dq=%22single+nonrenewable+five-year+term%22|year=2010|publisher=Columbia University Press|isbn=978-0-231-14535-0|pages=41–}} 4. ^1 {{cite book|title=Country Profile: South Korea, North Korea|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mIS0AAAAIAAJ&q=%22first-past-the-post%22|year=2001|publisher=The Unit}} 5. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://ria.ru/spravka/20170509/1493733553.html|title=Процедура выборов президента Южной Кореи|work=RIA Novosti|date=2017-05-09|accessdate=2018-03-11|language=Russian}} 6. ^{{cite book|author1=Shoko Kiyohara|author2=Kazuhiro Maeshima|author3=Diana Owen|title=Internet Election Campaigns in the United States, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zH86DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA63&dq=%22National+Assembly%22+%2214+days%22+%22election+campaign%22|date=17 October 2017|publisher=Springer International Publishing|isbn=978-3-319-63682-5|pages=63–}} 7. ^{{cite book|author1=Shoko Kiyohara|author2=Kazuhiro Maeshima|author3=Diana Owen|title=Internet Election Campaigns in the United States, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zH86DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA159&dq=%2223+days%22|date=17 October 2017|publisher=Springer International Publishing|isbn=978-3-319-63682-5|pages=159–}} 8. ^Lee (1984), p. 378. 9. ^{{cite book|last=Kil|first=Byung-Ok|title=Security Policy Dynamics: Effects of Contextual Determinants to South Korea|publisher=Ashgate|year=2001|page=58|quotation=South Korea's political forms had been authoritarian during the Cold War and the first free and fair presidential election was held in 1987.}} 10. ^{{cite web|last1=Kim|first1=Younghwa|title=Hong Suk Ja: Pursuing Women’s Rights in South Korea|url=http://sites.bu.edu/koreandiaspora/individuals/sook-ja-hong-pursuing-womens-rights-in-south-korea/#_ftn12|accessdate=22 November 2016}} 1 : Presidential elections in South Korea |
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