| 词条 | Project Fear (British politics) |
| 释义 |
"Project Fear" is a term that has entered common usage in British politics in the 21st century, principally in relation to two major referendum debates. It first appeared during the 2014 Scottish independence referendum, and then again during and after the 2016 UK referendum on EU membership. The phrase has been used to characterise claims of economic and socio-political dangers–primarily those that would result from a change to the existing political status quo–as scaremongering and pessimism.[1] 2014 Scottish Independence referendumThe phrase was coined by Rob Shorthouse, who was the "Better Together" campaign's director of communications during the Scottish independence referendum and first appeared in Scotland's Herald newspaper in 2013. It was originally intended as a joke, “an ironic suggestion for Yes Scotland – a handy name it could use in its constant complaints about Better Together’s alleged Unionist scaremongering”. However it was subsequently adopted by Scottish nationalists after Shorthouse used it in conversation with journalists at the Scottish Conservatives party conference in June 2013 and it entered print. Scottish National Party leader Alex Salmond used it to taunt unionist campaigner Alistair Darling during a televised debate.[2][3][1][4] 2016 EU Membership referendumIt later reappeared during EU membership referendum campaigning ahead of the 2016 UK referendum on EU membership, being used to criticise the campaign being run by Britain Stronger in Europe, supporters of the UK remaining in the European Union. Former Mayor of London and key figurehead of the Leave campaign Boris Johnson, re-introduced the term. He put forward claims that the pro-EU campaign was guilty of scaremongering, saying that "the agents of Project Fear" were trying to "spook" the British public into voting against British withdrawal from the European Union.[5][6] The phrase was also used by those who were in favour of Britain remaining within the European Union,[7] Labour Shadow Chancellor John McDonnell said that "The EU referendum is about our future relationship with Europe, not who is the next leader of the Tory Party ... the Labour leadership will not go anywhere near the Tories' 'project fear' campaign on both sides of the debate. But instead we will continue to set out the positive case to 'Remain and Reform' the EU to create 'Another Europe' ... Another Europe is not just possible but urgently and vitally needed, which is why we must reject the offer of a Tory Brexit.".[8] In a speech, Remain campaigner Alistair Darling said "Project Fear? In fact, it is a reality check. The kind anyone would take before making such an enormous decision in their lives."[9] David Cameron, who resigned as Prime minister after the referendum result, rejected any allegations of fear-mongering, saying that "The only project I'm interested in is Project Fact. Project Fact is about saying: 'Stay in and you know what you'll get.'"[10] Others, such as the Mayor of London Sadiq Khan, pointed out that the Leave side had also been scaremongering with false claims of imminent Turkish accession to the EU.[11][12][13] References1. ^1 {{cite news|last=Jack|first=Iain|title=‘Project Fear’ started as a silly private joke during another referendum, but now it won’t go away|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2016/mar/11/project-fear-started-as-a-silly-private-joke-now-it-wont-go-away|date=11 March 2016|publisher=Guardian|accessdate=20 March 2019}} {{Scottish independence referendum, 2014}}{{Brexit referendum}}2. ^{{cite news |last=Gordon |first=Tom |title=I admit it: the man who coined Project Fear label |url=http://www.heraldscotland.com/news/13194407.I_admit_it__the_man_who_coined_Project_Fear_label/ |date=21 December 2014 |publisher=The Herald |accessdate=15 March 2017}} 3. ^{{cite news|last=Ross|first=Jamie|title=The Man Who Created The Phrase “Project Fear” Says He Has No Regrets|url=https://www.buzzfeed.com/jamieross/fear-we-go-again|date=24 May 2016|publisher=Buzzfeed|accessdate=15 March 2017}} 4. ^{{cite news|last=Deacon|first=Michael|title=The EU referendum: Project Fear is already under way|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/politics/david-cameron/12120999/The-EU-referendum-Project-Fear-is-already-under-way.html|date=25 January 2016|publisher=Daily Telegraph|accessdate=2 October 2016}} 5. ^{{cite news |title=EU referendum: Final push for votes on last day of campaign |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-eu-referendum-36594834 |accessdate=4 February 2019 |publisher=BBC |date=22 June 2016}} 6. ^{{cite news|last=Eaton|first=George|title="Project Fear" is back - and it's still Remain's best hope|url=http://www.newstatesman.com/politics/uk/2016/06/project-fear-back-and-its-still-remains-best-hope|date=15 June 2016|publisher=New Statesman|accessdate=2 October 2016}} 7. ^{{cite news|last1=Mason|first1=Rowena|title=John McDonnell: sharing EU platform with Tories discredits Labour|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2016/may/31/john-mcdonnell-sharing-eu-platform-with-tories-discredits-labour|accessdate=31 May 2016|work=The Guardian|date=31 May 2016}} 8. ^{{cite news|last1=Cowburn|first1=Ashley|title=Half of Labour voters have no idea what their position is on the EU referendum|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/eu-referendum-nearly-half-of-labour-votes-unaware-of-party-s-position-a7057236.html|accessdate=31 May 2016|work=The Independent|date=31 May 2016|language=en-GB}} 9. ^https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/uk-politics-36055510/eu-referendum-alistair-darling-denies-project-fear 10. ^{{cite news|last1=Stewart|first1=Heather|last2=Asthana|first2=Anushka|title=David Cameron says his EU campaign is Project Fact, not Project Fear|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2016/feb/29/cameron-dismisses-claims-project-fear-eu-remain-negative|work=The Guardian|publisher=Guardian Media Group|date=29 February 2016}} 11. ^{{cite news|title=Khan and Davidson clash with Johnson on immigration in EU debate|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2016/jun/21/eu-referendum-khan-and-davidson-clash-with-johnson-on-immigration|work=The Guardian|publisher=Guardian Media Group|date=22 June 2016}} 12. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/the-campaign-to-stay-in-the-eu-is-project-fear-says-boris-johnson-a6903216.html|title=The campaign to stay in the EU is 'Project Fear', says Boris Johnson|last1=Stone|first1=Jon|date=29 February 2016|work=The Independent|accessdate=31 May 2016|language=en-GB}} 13. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/debate/article-3467634/There-s-reason-s-called-Project-Fear-ex-Chancellor-battled-maelstrom-2008-crash-dire-warning-against-voting-Out.html|title=There's a reason why it's called Project Fear, by Alistair Darling|last1=Darling|first1=Alistair|date=28 February 2016|work=Mail on Sunday|accessdate=31 May 2016|publisher=Daily Mail and General Trust|authorlink1=Alistair Darling|via=Mail Online}} 13 : 2012 establishments in Scotland|2012 in British politics|2016 in Gibraltar|Cross-party campaigns|Euroscepticism in the United Kingdom|Referendums related to the European Union|Scottish Conservative Party|Scottish Labour Party|Scottish Liberal Democrats|United Kingdom European Union membership referendum, 2016|Political campaigns in the United Kingdom|Unionism in Scotland|2014 Scottish independence referendum |
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