| 词条 | PSYCHLOPS |
| 释义 |
| name = PSYCHLOPS | image = | alt = | caption = | pronounce = | synonyms = | ICD10 = | ICD9 = | MeshID = | OPS301 = | MedlinePlus = | eMedicine = | reference_range = | LOINC = | DiseasesDB = completed | ICDO = }}{{Psychology sidebar}} PSYCHLOPS (psychological outcome profiles) is a type of psychological testing, a tool used in primary care to measure mental health outcomes and as a quality of life measure. It is also one intervention that has been adapted for use in children and adopted by the World Health Organization (WHO) in response to a demand for guidance on psychological interventions for people exposed to adversity, including humanitarian disasters. Use in mental health carePSYCHLOPS is a mental health outcome-measure tool used in primary care or community care settings and is self-completed. It measures mental health problems, quality of life, social functioning and wellbeing.[1][2] Others include the Beck Depression Inventory, the CORE-OM, Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD-7) and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), amongst others.[3] By comparing scores before, during and after completion of talking therapy, the measure enables calculation of a change score. The change score indicates the change (improvement or deterioration) in perceived severity of problems during and following a course of talking therapy.[4] PSYCHLOPS is a patient-generated outcome measure which means that measurement is based on items (issues) selected by patients rather than pre-specified items. By gathering information on patient-generated items, PSYCHLOPS contains a free text record (qualitative data) of the patient’s own perception of their problems which can be used for qualitative research.[4][6] WHOIt is also one intervention that has been adopted by the WHO in response to a demand for guidance on psychological interventions for people exposed to adversity. This includes people caught up in humanitarian crises and incorporates common mental health problems in a variety of countries, cultures and settings.[4][5] WHO has included it in two of their mental health programmes, Programme Management Plus (PM+)[4]and Self Help Plus (SH+),[6] both of which use locally trained mental health workers to administer mental health support in countries affected by conflict and war.[5] ChildrenPSYCHLOPS has been adapted for use in children. Unlike a checklist, "PSYCHLOPS Kids" allows children to identify their worries themselves.[7][8] For children taking part in drama therapy, they have the potential to recognise the impact of their therapy. The reliance on the support of school staff has been reported as one limitation.[9] ProcedurePSYCHLOPS is completed by the individual person.[1][10] A specific sequence of questions is included in the questionnaire which address the respondent’s greatest and least worries. These concerns are then scored.[7] Subsequently, the answers and scores can be used to evaluate their perception of the change in their problems as a result of counselling or other talking therapy.[4] It uses a six-point scale rather than the seven used in its sister questionnaire, MYMOP.[11] The procedure encompasses answering four questions on one sheet, with the first question being “Choose the problem that troubles you most?” This is followed by scoring it on a six-point scoring range and recording the duration of the problem. An outcome score is calculated using the scores of each of the before, during and after questionnaires.[12] HistoryPSYCHLOPS was designed by an academic British general practitioner[3] and was adapted from the self-report inventory, MYMOP (Measure Yourself Medical Outcome Profile), another outcome measure first published in 1996 and mainly used for people who present with physical, emotional, or social symptoms.[13] ResearchThere has been debate as to whether to identify and measure individualized outcomes that are unique for each patient (idiographic approach) or to use standardized measures (nomothetic approach). Both measures have their advantages and disadvantages.[14] As a patient-generated measure, PSYCHLOPS appears a more sensitive (responsive) measure of change following a mental health intervention than some other standardised measures.[15][16] References1. ^1 {{Cite book|url=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20130124045059/http:/www.dh.gov.uk/prod_consum_dh/groups/dh_digitalassets/documents/digitalasset/dh_093677.pdf|title=Outcomes Compendium; helping you select the right tools for best mental health care practice in your field|last=National Institute for Mental Health in England|publisher=Barts and The London Schoolof Medicine and Dentistry|year=2008|isbn=|location=|pages=33}} 2. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lnB8i0IFysMC&pg=PT420|title=Issues in Clinical Psychology, Psychiatry, and Counseling: 2011 Edition|publisher=ScholarlyEditions|year=2011|isbn=978-1-4649-6366-7|edition=11th|location=Atlanta, Georgia|page=420}} 3. ^1 {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=-I78AgAAQBAJ&pg=PA183&dq=What+you+really+need+to+know+about+counselling+and+psychotherapy+training+psychlops#v=onepage&q=psychlops&f=false|title=What You Really Need to Know about Counselling and Psychotherapy Training: An essential guide|last=McQuaid|first=Cathy|publisher=Routledge|year=2014|isbn=978-0-415-81333-4|page=76}} 4. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/206417/WHO_MSD_MER_16.2_eng.pdf;jsessionid=57A3AC1192842C3A3BF962F546E3090A?sequence=1|title=Problem Management Plus (PM+)|last=|first=|date=|website=apps.who.int|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=8 October 2018}} 5. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://www.who.int/mental_health/emergencies/PM_plus_2018/en/|title=Scaling up capacity for Problem Management Plus (PM+)|last=|first=|date=|website=World Health Organization|language=en-GB|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=8 October 2018}} 6. ^{{Cite journal|last=Brown|first=Felicity|last2=Carswell|first2=K|last3=Augustinavicius|first3=Jura|last4=Adaku|first4=A|last5=R. Leku|first5=M|last6=White|first6=Ross|last7=Ventevogel|first7=Peter|last8=Kogan|first8=Cary|last9=García-Moreno|first9=C|date=2018-08-13|title=Self Help Plus: study protocol for a cluster-randomised controlled trial of guided self-help with South Sudanese refugee women in Uganda|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326994029|journal=Global Mental Health|volume=5|pages=e27|doi=10.1017/gmh.2018.17|pmid=30128163|pmc=6094406|via=}} 7. ^1 {{Cite web|url=https://www.kcl.ac.uk/news/spotlight-article.aspx?id=8dcdc004-aaac-4290-9bb2-d208b1702427|title=New tool gets children's perspective on own mental health|last=|first=|date=29 May 2018|website=www.kcl.ac.uk|language=en-GB|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=11 October 2018}} 8. ^{{Cite web|url=https://thepsychologist.bps.org.uk/volume-31/june-2018/assessing-childrens-mental-health-concerns|title=Assessing children's mental health concerns {{!}} The Psychologist|last=|first=|date=|website=thepsychologist.bps.org.uk|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=12 October 2018}} 9. ^{{Cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=dQMmpi2XJagC&pg=PA192&dq=psychlops&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjv_ZbPq8DdAhVLQMAKHczyDfoQ6AEILzAB#v=onepage&q=psychlops&f=false|title=Dramatherapy with Children, Young People, and Schools: Enabling Creativity, Sociability, Communication and Learning|last=Haythorne|first=Deborah|last2=Crockford|first2=Susan|last3=Godfrey|first3=Emma|date=2012|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9780415670760|editor-last=Leigh|editor-first=Lauraine|location=|pages=192|language=en|chapter=19. Roundabout and the development of PSYCHLOPS Kids evaluation|editor-last2=Gersch|editor-first2=Irvine|editor-last3=Dix|editor-first3=Ann|editor-last4=Haythorne|editor-first4=Deborah}} 10. ^1 {{Cite web|url=https://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/PDF/CALCMPconf2013Chris%20Evans.pdf|title=The danger of trading measures but not meeting distressed minds: "outcome" measurement in MH and psychological therapies|last=Evans|first=Chris|date=|website=www.psychtc.org|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=8 October 2018}} 11. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.bristol.ac.uk/primaryhealthcare/resources/mymop/sisters/psychlops/|title=Psychlops {{!}} Centre for Academic Primary Care {{!}} University of Bristol|last=Bristol|first=University of|website=www.bristol.ac.uk|language=en-GB|access-date=8 October 2018}} 12. ^{{Cite journal|last=Ashworth|first=Mark|last2=I. Robinson|first2=Susan|last3=Godfrey|first3=Emma|last4=Shepherd|first4=Melanie|last5=Evans|first5=Chris|last6=Seed|first6=Paul|last7=Parmentier|first7=Henk|last8=Tylee|first8=Andre|date=1 January 2005|title=Measuring mental health outcomes in primary care: The psychometric properties of a new patient-generated outcome measure, 'PSYCHLOPS' ('psychological outcome profiles')|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/203827086|journal=Primary Care Mental Health|volume=3|pages=261–270|via=}} 13. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.ncor.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/MYMOP.pdf|title=National Council for Osteopathic Research; Measure Your Medical Outcome Profile (MYMOP)|last=|first=|date=|website=www.ncor.org.uk|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=9 October 2018}} 14. ^1 2 3 {{Cite book|url=https://dspace.uevora.pt/rdpc/bitstream/10174/17420/1/Patient-generated%20outcome%20measures%20and%20development%20the%20therapeutic%20alliance.pdf|title=Patient-generated outcome measures and development the therapeutic alliance|last=Brinquete|first=Cláudia Sofia Velez|publisher= University of Évora, Social Science School|year=2015|isbn=|location=Department Psychology, University of Évora|pages=}} 15. ^{{Cite journal|last=Kendrick|first=Tony|last2=Stuart|first2=Beth|last3=Leydon|first3=Geraldine M.|last4=Geraghty|first4=Adam W. A.|last5=Yao|first5=Lily|last6=Ryves|first6=Rachel|last7=Williams|first7=Samantha|last8=Zhu|first8=Shihua|last9=Dowrick|first9=Christopher|date=1 March 2017|title=Patient-reported outcome measures for monitoring primary care patients with depression: PROMDEP feasibility randomised trial|url=https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/7/3/e015266|journal=BMJ Open|language=en|volume=7|issue=3|pages=e015266|doi=10.1136/bmjopen-2016-015266|issn=2044-6055|pmid=28363932|pmc=5387943}} 16. ^{{Cite journal|last=Bryant|first=Richard A.|last2=Schafer|first2=Alison|last3=Dawson|first3=Katie S.|last4=Anjuri|first4=Dorothy|last5=Mulili|first5=Caroline|last6=Ndogoni|first6=Lincoln|last7=Koyiet|first7=Phiona|last8=Sijbrandij|first8=Marit|last9=Ulate|first9=Jeannette|date=2017-08-15|title=Effectiveness of a brief behavioural intervention on psychological distress among women with a history of gender-based violence in urban Kenya: A randomised clinical trial|url=https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/8314/b6ae31ccf0e04be49a62c86743b8c21b24ed.pdf|journal=PLOS Medicine|language=en|volume=14|issue=8|pages=e1002371|doi=10.1371/journal.pmed.1002371|issn=1549-1676|pmc=5557357|pmid=28809935}} Further reading
External links
3 : Clinical psychology tests|Mental health|Primary care |
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