| 词条 | Pterostylis ventricosa |
| 释义 |
| image = Pterostylis ventricosa.jpg | image_caption = Pterostylis ventricosa growing near Jervis Bay | genus = Pterostylis | species = ventricosa | authority = (D.L.Jones) G.N.Backh.[1] | synonyms_ref = [1] | synonyms = Speculantha ventricosa D.L.Jones }} Pterostylis ventricosa is a recently described and critically endangered species of orchid endemic to a small area of New South Wales. As with similar orchids, the flowering plants differ from those which are not flowering. The non-flowering plants have a rosette of leaves but the flowering plants lack a rosette at the base but have up to six tiny green, white and brown flowers. DescriptionPterostylis ventricosa is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and when not flowering, a rosette of four to nine dark green, egg-shaped leaves which lie flat on the ground. Each leaf is {{convert|3-12|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|3-6|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide. Flowering plants have up to six well-spaced flowers {{convert|10-13|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long and about {{convert|5|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide borne on a thin, wiry spike {{convert|80-300|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} high. One or two leaf rosettes are arranged on the side of the flowering spike. The flowers are green and white, swollen at the base and taper towards a bright reddish-brown tip. The dorsal sepal and petals are fused, forming a hood or "galea" over the column. The dorsal sepal is erect near the base but then curves forward and is {{convert|13-16|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|5-8|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide. The petals are slightly longer than the dorsal sepal. The lateral sepals are erect, held closely against the galea with thread-like tips about 3mm long reaching just past the top of the galea. The labellum is about {{convert|5|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long, {{convert|2|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide, dark brown and white, curved and barely visible above the sinus.[2][3]Taxonomy and namingThis greenhood was first formally described in 2008 by D.L.Jones who gave it the name Speculantha ventricosa and published the description in The Orchadian.[4] In 2010, Gary Backhouse changed the name to Pterostylis ventricosa.[5] The specific epithet (ventricosa) is a Latin word meaning "pot-bellied" or "bulging".[6] Distribution and habitatThe tiny greenhood mostly grows in tall forest with a dense understorey, but sometimes in disturbed areas, including roadsides. It occurs near Nowra, Tallong and Mittagong.[2][3] ConservationPterostylis ventricosa is classed as "critically endangered" under the New South Wales Threatened Species Conservation Act. The main threats to the species are land clearing, disturbance by off-road vehicles, grazing by livestock and illegal collection.[2][3]References1. ^{{WCSP | 170677 | Pterostylis ventricosa }} {{Taxonbar|from=Q17329277}}2. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=Pterostylis ventricosa an orchid - critically endangered species listing|url=http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/determinations/pterostylisventricosaFD.htm|publisher=Government of New South Wales, Office of the Environment and Heritage|accessdate=31 May 2017}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=Pterostylis ventricosa - profile|url=http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/threatenedSpeciesApp/profile.aspx?id=20162|publisher=Government of New South Wales, Office of the Environment and Heritage|accessdate=31 May 2017}} 4. ^{{cite web|title=Speculantha ventricosa|url=https://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/631693|publisher=APNI|accessdate=31 May 2017}} 5. ^1 {{cite web|title=Pterostylis ventricosa|url=https://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/657272|publisher=APNI|accessdate=31 May 2017}} 6. ^{{cite book|last1=Brown|first1=Roland Wilbur|title=The Composition of Scientific Words|date=1956|publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press|location=Washington, D.C.|page =137}} 4 : Pterostylis|Endemic orchids of Australia|Orchids of New South Wales|Plants described in 2008 |
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