| 词条 | Questions sur les Miracles |
| 释义 |
ContentQuestions sur les Miracles starts with theological questions, but moves on to repeat some of the defences of democracy and free expression that Voltaire had proposed in his earlier Idées républicaines:[1]"Let us uphold the liberty of the press, it is the basis of all other liberties; through it we enlighten each other."[1] The letters satirically express Voltaire's criticisms of the English biologist John Needham who had promoted the idea of spontaneous generation, of the French philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and of the authorities at Geneva who had resisted greater democracy.[2][3] Voltaire uses irony and sarcasm to convey his sceptical opinion on miracles; one letter poses that miracles are authentic and, with exaggerated optimism, hopes that priests will manifest them. "We even hope that not only will these learned men work miracles, but that they will hang all those who do not believe in them. Amen!"[3] Voltaire thought that the alleged miracles of Jesus were best seen as moral lessons interpreted for a wide audience, rather than as real events.[7] One surviving copy has extensive notes by Voltaire on just the first letter, suggesting that he intended to revise the book into the form of a treatise rather than series of letters, but never completed this.[4] References1. ^1 2 {{cite book|last1=Gay|first1=Peter|title=Voltaire's Politics: The Poet as Realist|date=1959|publisher=Princeton University Press|location=New Jersey|page=215}} 2. ^{{cite book|last1=Aldridge|first1=A. Owen|title=Voltaire and the Century of Light|date=1975|publisher=Princeton University Press|location=New Jersey|page=335}} 3. ^1 {{cite book|last1=Besterman|first1=Theodore|title=Voltaire|date=1969|publisher=Longmans|location=London|isbn=0582112168|pages=447–448}} 4. ^1 {{cite journal|last1=Philips|first1=Edith|title=Some Changes Contemplated by Voltaire in His "Questions sur les Miracles"|journal=Modern Philology|date=February 1931|volume=28|issue=3|jstor=433669}} Further reading
2 : Works by Voltaire|1765 books |
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