| 词条 | Alcantara (river) |
| 释义 |
| name = Alcantara | image =Fiume Alcantara piena dicembre 2003.jpg | image_caption = The Alcantara during a 2003 flood | source1_location = Monti Nebrodi (Commune of Floresta, Province of Messina) | source1_elevation = {{convert|1500|m|ft|abbr=on}} | mouth_location = Ionian Sea: Capo Schiso (Commune of Giardini-Naxos, Province of Messina). | subdivision_type1 = Country | subdivision_name1 = Italy | length = {{convert|52|km|mi|abbr=on}} | discharge1_avg = {{convert|2.41|m3/s|cuft/s|abbr=on}} | basin_size = {{convert|573|km2|mi2|abbr=on}} | map = Alcantara-map-bjs.jpg | map_size = | map_alt = | map_caption = Location of the Alcantara in Sicily }} The Alcantara ({{lang-scn|Alcàntara}}) is a river in Sicily, southern Italy. It has its source on the south side of Monti Nebrodi and its mouth in the Ionian Sea at Capo Schiso in Giardini-Naxos. The river is {{convert|52|km|mi}} long. The name Alcantara is of Arabic origin ({{lang-ar|القنطرة|translit=al-Qanṭarah|lit=the Arch|label=none}}) and refers to a bridge from Roman times found by the Arabs. Thucydides called it Akesines Potamos ({{lang-grc|Ἀκεσίνης}} - Akesínes) while its Latin names were Assinus, Assinos, Asines,[1] Asinius,[2] Onobala, Onobalas,[3] and Acesines.[4] Cantera was another hydronym for it, adopted by Normans. The river is mentioned by Thucydides on occasion of the attack made on Naxos by the Messenians in 425 BCE.[5] CourseThe Alcantara has its source at an elevation of {{convert|1250|m|ft}} in the municipality of Floresta. On its way to the sea, past the north of Mount Etna, it flows through the municipalities of Randazzo, Mojo Alcantara, Francavilla di Sicilia, Motta Camastra, Castiglione di Sicilia, Graniti, Gaggi, Calatabiano, Taormina and Giardini-Naxos. Several thousand years ago, the river bed was blocked by a lava flow from Mount Etna. As the lava was cooled much more quickly by the water than it would have done otherwise, it crystallised in the form of columns. Over the next millennia, the river naturally eroded a channel through these columns, resulting an impressive gorges and ravines, such as the Gole dell'Alcantara (Alcantara Gorges) next to Francavilla di Sicilia, where Peloritani mountains end. ParkThe Alcantara River Park (Parco fluviale dell'Alcantara) was established in 2001 for the protection of the river, and to encourage its use as a relaxation area and tourist destination. The columns and surroundings can be seen in the film Tale of Tales. Tributaries
References1. ^{{Cite Pliny|3.8}} 2. ^{{Cite Vibius|p.4 }} 3. ^{{Cite Appian BC|5.109}} 4. ^{{Cite DGRG|title=Acesines}} 5. ^{{Cite Thucydides|4.25}} External links
5 : Rivers of Italy|Rivers of Sicily|Columnar basalts|Rivers of the Province of Catania|Rivers of the Metropolitan City of Messina |
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