“Randa Slim”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Randa Slim is a Lebanese-American foreign-policy professional specializing in Track II diplomacy.

Career

Slim is founding director of the Initiative for Track II Dialogues at the Middle East Institute^[1] as well as a senior research fellow at the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies' Foreign Policy Institute^[2] and the New America Foundation.^[3]^[4]

She has said that her interest in Track II diplomacy — so-called to distinguish conflict-resolution conversations that are not part of official Track I talks — came from her experiences as a girl during the Lebanese Civil War.^[5]

From 1991 to 2000, Slim worked at the Kettering Foundation on the Dartmouth Conferences,^[6] confidential U.S.-Soviet, then U.S.-Russian, discussions that began in 1961 at Dartmouth College.^[7] She was part of the multi-year Inter-Tajik Dialogue.^[8]

After the September 11 attacks on New York City and Washington, D.C., Slim decided to become involved in Track II diplomacy in the Middle East. She worked on an Iraqi national reconciliation dialogue involving Iraqi parliamentarians, tribal leaders and representatives of Iraqi opposition groups.^[4] After the Syrian civil war broke out in 2011, Slim initiated Track II diplomacy aimed at resolving the conflict.^[9] She particularly emphasized making women part of the conflict-resolution dialogue.^[10]

The BBC's Kim Ghattas wrote in Foreign Policy, "The sessions organized by Slim continue, and they stand out because unlike most 'Track II' dialogues, which include only former officials and experts, these include advisors and aides to current officials. Both Saudis and Iranians have attended all the sessions."^[9] As director of the Middle East Institute's Initiative for Track II Dialogues,^[11] Slim seeks to extend non-official talks to help resolve conflicts across the region.^[12]

References

1. ^{{Cite web| url=http://www.mei.edu/profile/randa-slim| title=Randa Slim| publisher=Middle East Institute| access-date=September 6, 2016}}
2. ^{{Cite web| url=http://www.fpi.sais-jhu.edu/our-fellows| title=Our Staff| publisher=The Foreign Policy Institute| access-date=September 6, 2016}}
3. ^{{Cite web| url=https://www.newamerica.org/our-people/randa-slim/| title=Our People: Randa Slim| publisher=New America| access-date=September 6, 2016}}
4. ^¹{{Cite news| url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/think-tanked/post/personnel-files-middle-east-expert-randa-slim-joins-new-america/2011/07/13/gIQAmoboCI_blog.html| title=Personnel Files: Middle East expert Randa Slim joins New America| last=McDuffee| first=Allen| work=The Washington Post| date=July 13, 2011| access-date=September 6, 2016}}
5. ^{{Cite web| url=https://www.carnegie.org/news/articles/q-other-track-toward-syrian-peace-part-2/| title=Q&A: From Back Channel to Diplomatic Fixture| publisher=Carnegie Corporation of New York| last=Malcomson| first=Scott| date=February 11, 2016| website=International Peace and Security| access-date=September 6, 2016}}
6. ^{{Cite web| url=https://www.kettering.org/wp-content/uploads/Dartmouth_50_Years.pdf| title=The Dartmouth Conference: The First 50 Years| last=| first=| date=2010| website=| publisher=Kettering Foundation| access-date=September 6, 2016}}
7. ^{{Cite book| title=Dialogue Sustained: The Multilevel Peace Process and the Dartmouth Conference| last=Voorhees| first=James| publisher=United States Institute of Peace and Charles F. Kettering Foundation| year=2002| isbn=| location=| pages=| via=}}
8. ^{{Cite web| url=https://www.un.org/esa/socdev/sib/egm/paper/Randa%20Slim.pdf| title=The Sustained Dialogue Process in Tajikistan: 1993- 2005| last=Slim| first=Randa| date=November 2005| website=| publisher=United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs| access-date=September 6, 2016}}
9. ^¹{{Cite news| url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2015/11/13/the-blood-feud-that-drives-the-middle-east-saudi-arabia-iran/| last=Ghattas| first=Kim| title=The Blood Feud That Drives the Middle East| date=November 13, 2015| work=Foreign Policy| access-date=September 6, 2016}}
10. ^{{Cite news| url=http://nytlive.nytimes.com/womenintheworld/2016/02/03/syrian-peace-talks-will-include-women-but-will-their-voices-be-heard/| title=Syria peace talks will include women, but will their voices be heard?| last=Curry| first=Colleen| work=The New York Times| date=February 3, 2016| language=en-US| access-date=September 6, 2016}}
11. ^{{Cite web| url=http://www.mei.edu/track-ii-dialogues| title=Initiative for Track II Dialogues| publisher=Middle East Institute| access-date=September 6, 2016}}
12. ^{{Cite news| url=http://www.washdiplomat.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=13167&Itemid=437| title=Track II Diplomacy Practitioner Creates Space to Open Up Dialogue| last=Coleman| first=Michael| date=March 1, 2016| work=The Washington Diplomat| publisher=| access-date=September 6, 2016}}