“Aldreth”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Aldreth is a hamlet in Cambridgeshire with about 260 residents (2001 census). It is located near the larger village of Haddenham (where the population is listed) and falls under the same Parish council. Aldreth is surrounded by fenland on all sides and the River Great Ouse, or the Old West as the locals call it, runs close by. Aldreth has no church.

Blossoms and Bygones

Aldreth shares an annual village open day, Blossoms & Bygones, with neighbouring village Haddenham. Features of the day include tractor rides and vintage car and tractor displays, while many residents throw open their gardens to visitors. Blossoms & Bygones celebrated its 40th Anniversary in 2011 with a VE Day theme, that saw the villagers of Aldreth dress up as if it was 1940.^[1] They also have geocaching by the river which is good for dog walkers and explorers.

History

The origin of the name

The name "Aldreth" occurs as Alreheða in the Pipe rolls, under the year 1170, and means "landing-place by the alders", from a combination of the Old English words for "alder" and "hythe".^[2] The name also occurs a number of times in the text of the 12th century Liber Eliensis, as Alreheðe, with one variant as Alhereðe.^[3]

There are other theories about how Aldreth got its name: it may be a derivation of the words Alder Hithe (the old shore) or Alder Reche (the old reach), which relate to the Old West river flowing near Aldreth.

Two battles

Aldreth may have been the site of two battles^[4]^[5] between Hereward the Wake (Anglo-Saxons) and William the Conqueror (Normans). Aldreth was one of three routes, or causeways, into the Isle of Ely at that time; Stuntney Causeway {{convert|2.25|mi}} to the south-east, the Earith Causeway {{convert|10|mi}} to the west-south-west and the Aldreth Causeway {{convert|7|mi}} south-west of the Isle of Ely.^[6]^[7] For comparison of such causeways, consider the Bronze-Age causeway discovered in 1934 between Little Thetford and Fordey Farm, Barway.^[8]

Geography

Geology

The village is on an east-west running boulder clay (middle-Pleistocene till) ridge sitting on a belt of mainly Jurassic Kimmerigian clays running south-west from The Wash. To the east is a north-south running belt of geologically more recent Upper-Cretaceous Lower Greensand capped by Lower-Cretaceous Gault Clay; the whole area is surrounded by even more recent fen deposits. To the west, again running north-east—south-west, is a scarp belt of middle-Jurassic sedimentary rocks including limestone and sandstone.^[9]^[10]

The flat fenland countryside around the village, typical for this part of the region, lies about {{Convert|16|ft|m|0}} above sea-level. The highest point in the village is {{convert|23|ft|m|0}} above sea-level and the highest point in the area is {{convert|85|ft|m|0}} at Ely, seven-mile ({{convert|7|mi|km|0|disp=output only}}) north-east.^[11] In contrast, the highest point in Cambridgeshire, {{Convert|479|ft|m|0}} above sea-level, is at Great Chishill, {{Convert|21|mi|km|0}} almost due south. Holme at nine feet ({{Convert|9.02|ft|m|2|abbr=on|disp=output only}}) below sea-level is East Cambridgeshire's (and the United Kingdom's) lowest point, and is {{Convert|18|mi|km|0}} north-west.^[12]

References

1. ^{{cite web|title=Ely People – Blossoms & Bygones story |url=http://www.elypeople.co.uk/news/Haddenham-Aldreth-Celebrate-Blossoms-amp-Bygones/story-11107837-detail/story.html |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120322142952/http://www.elypeople.co.uk/news/Haddenham-Aldreth-Celebrate-Blossoms-amp-Bygones/story-11107837-detail/story.html |archivedate=22 March 2012 }}
2. ^Ekwall, E., The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Place-Names (4th ed.), OUP, 1960, p. 5 (Aldreth). Cf. Mills, A.D., A dictionary of British place-names, OUP, 1991–2003, p. 5 (Aldreth). Note that Head (1995), p. 86, quotes "Freeman" as follows: "…Aldreth, a corruption of the name of the patron saint Æthelthryth". Head does not give a reference for, or expand on, the statement from "Freeman", but see Head (1995), pp. 7–8, and cf. Freeman, E.A., The History of the Norman Conquest of England (5 vols. & Index), OUP, 1867-9.
3. ^Blake, E.O. (ed.), Liber Eliensis, Camden 3rd Series XCII, Royal Historical Society, 1962, pp. 178, 185, 194, 314(x2), 315, 322, 328; the variant "Alhereðe" is at p. 314.
4. ^[https://www.webcitation.org/5s1kKE8EL?url=http://boar.org.uk/ariwxo3FNQsupXXI.htm Miller (1895) chap. XXI]
5. ^[https://www.webcitation.org/5s1kOhVuP?url=http://boar.org.uk/ariwxo3FNQsupXXV.htm Miller (1895) chap. XXV]
6. ^Head (1995) p. 149 plus google earth for distances
7. ^Darby (1970) p. 106–118 and fig. 16 on p. 107
8. ^Lethbridge (1934) | pp. 86–89
9. ^Darby (1970) p. 3 fig. 1
10. ^{{Cite map|publisher = Ordnance Survey |title = Geological Survey of Great Britain |edition = Based on 1st series 1:50000 map part of sheet 143 – 1974 |section = Cambridge, Sheet 188 |date=1981}}
11. ^{{Cite map |publisher = Ordnance Survey |title = Get-A-Map |url = http://getamap.ordnancesurvey.co.uk/getamap/frames.htm?mapAction=gaz&gazName=g&gazString=TL446735|edition = 2010 1:25,000 Scale |section = TL446735GB|accessdate = 11 August 2010}}
12. ^{{Cite news | title = UK's lowest spot is getting lower|location = England|page = 1|publisher = BBC|date = 29 November 2002|url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/2529365.stm|accessdate = 11 August 2010}}