Alexander or Aleksandr Makarov may refer to:

• Aleksandr Makarov (athlete) (born 1951), javelin thrower
• Aleksandr Viktorovich Makarov (born 1978), soccer goalkeeper
• Aleksandr Vladimirovich Makarov (born 1978), Russian soccer midfielder
• Aleksandr M. Makarov, director of Ukrainian rocket factory Yuzhmash, 1961-1986
• Aleksandr Makarov (footballer, born 1996), Russian football (soccer) midfielder
• Alexander Makarov (ice hockey, born 1962), Russian ice hockey player
• Alexander Makarov (ice hockey, born 1989), Russian ice hockey player
• Alexander Alexandrovich Makarov (1857–1919), Imperial Russian politician
• Alexander Alexeyevich Makarov, Russian inventor in the field of mass spectrometry
• Alexander Sergeyevich Makarov (born 1946), mayor of the city of Tomsk, Russia

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