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Alexander, Prince of Lippe

释义

Early life and ascension
Regency dispute
Life as prince
Ancestry
References

{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2012}}{{Infobox royalty
|name =Alexander
|title =Prince of Lippe
|image =File:Alexander zur Lippe.jpg
|caption =
|reign =20 March 1895 – 13 January 1905
|predecessor =Woldemar
|successor =Leopold IV
|house =House of Lippe
|father =Leopold II
|mother =Emilie of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
|birth_date ={{birth date|1831|1|16|df=y}}
|birth_place =Detmold
|death_date ={{death date and age|1905|1|13|1831|1|16|df=y}}
|death_place =St Gilgenberg
|}}

Alexander, Prince of Lippe ({{lang-de|Karl Alexander Fürst zur Lippe}}) (16 January 1831 – 13 January 1905) was the penultimate sovereign of the Principality of Lippe. Succeeding to the throne in 1895, power was exercised by a regent throughout his reign on account of his mental illness.

Early life and ascension

Prince Alexander of Lippe was born in Detmold the seventh child of Leopold II, Lippe's reigning prince and his consort Princess Emilie of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen (1800–1867). Prince Alexander for a time served as a captain in the Hanoverian Army.^[1]

He succeeded as Prince of Lippe on 20 March 1895 following the death of his brother Prince Woldemar. As Alexander had been showing signs of a mental illness and having been placed under legal restrictions in 1870 and 1893 it was necessary for a regency to established in Lippe.^[2] Alexander was the last male of the Lippe-Detmold line, the next senior line of the House of Lippe were the Counts of Lippe-Biesterfeld followed by the Counts of Lippe-Weissenfeld and then the most junior line the princes of Schaumburg-Lippe.

Regency dispute

Prince Adolf of Schaumburg-Lippe the brother in law of the German Emperor Wilhelm II immediately claimed the position of regent on Alexander's ascension, basing his claim on a decree issued by Prince Woldemar in 1890 but kept secret until his death. This act was disputed by Count Ernst of Lippe-Biesterfeld who also put forward a claim to the regency. Lippe's diet confirmed Prince Adolf as regent on 24 April pending a settlement over the disputed regency.^[3]

A settlement was reached in 1897 when a commission under the presidency of King Albert of Saxony ruled in favour of the claims of Count Ernst of Lippe-Biesterfeld.^[4] Prince Adolf then resigned the regency and was replaced by Count Ernst who would rule as regent for Alexander until his death in 1904 when his son Count Leopold of Lippe-Biesterfeld succeeded as regent.

Life as prince

While unable to exercise power Alexander lived at the sanatorium of St Gilgenberg near Baireuth where he would often be seen attending concerts and the theatre. He also passed time by playing chess, copying pictures from newspapers and listening to music. He was also aware of his position as a sovereign prince and used to insist on etiquette being observed.^[5]

Alexander's death at St Gilgenberg brought about the extinction of the Lippe-Detmold line, with the regent Count Leopold of Lippe-Biesterfeld succeeding him as Prince of Lippe.

Ancestry

{{ahnentafel
|collapsed=yes |align=center
|boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc;
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|boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc;
|boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc;
|boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe;
|1= 1. Alexander, Prince of Lippe
|2= 2. Leopold II, Prince of Lippe
|3= 3. Princess Emilie of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
|4= 4. Leopold I, Prince of Lippe
|5= 5. Princess Pauline of Anhalt-Bernburg
|6= 6. Günther Friedrich Karl I, Prince of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
|7= 7. Princess Karoline of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
|8= 8. Simon August, Count of Lippe-Detmold
|9= 9. Princess Maria Leopoldine of Anhalt-Dessau
|10= 10. Frederick Albert, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg
|11= 11. Princess Luise of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön
|12= 12. Christian Günther III, Prince of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
|13= 13. Princess Charlotte Wilhelmine of Anhalt-Bernburg
|14= 14. Frederick Charles, Prince of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
|15= 15. Princess Friederike of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
|16= 16. Simon Henry Adolph, Count of Lippe-Detmold
|17= 17. Princess Johannette Wilhelmine of Nassau-Idstein
|18= 18. Leopold II, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau
|19= 19. Princess Gisela Agnes of Anhalt-Köthen
|20= 20. Victor Frederick, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg
|21= 21. Margravine Albertine of Brandenburg-Schwedt
|22= 22. Friedrich Carl, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön
|23= 23. Countess Christiane Irmgard of Reventlow
|24= 24. Prince August of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
|25= 25. Princess Charlotte Sophie of Anhalt-Bernburg
|26= 26. Victor Frederick, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg (= 20)
|27= 27. Margravine Albertine of Brandenburg-Schwedt (= 21)
|28= 28. Louis Günther II, Prince of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
|29= 29. Countess Sophie Henriette Reuss of Untergreiz
|30= 30. John Frederick, Prince of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
|31= 31. Princess Bernardina Christina Sophia of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
}}

References

1. ^{{cite book |year=1904 |publisher=Justus Perthes |edition=141st |title=Almanach de Gotha |page=52 }}
2. ^{{cite journal | last = Beéche | first = Arturo E. | title = A Headless House? The Dynastic Dispute of the House of Lippe | journal = European Royal History Journal | issue = LIII | pages = 13 | date = October 2006 }}
3. ^{{cite news | title = Prince Adolf Confirmed as Regent | work=The New York Times| page = 5 | date = 25 April 1895 }}
4. ^{{cite news | title = Lippe Succession Decided | work=The New York Times| page = 7 | date = 8 July 1897 }}
5. ^{{cite news | title = Lippe's Insane Monarch | work=The New York Times| page = 6 | date = 14 October 1904 }}

{{s-start}}{{s-hou|House of Lippe|16 January|1831|13 January|1905}}{{s-reg}}{{s-bef|before=Woldemar}}{{s-ttl|title=Prince of Lippe|years=1895–1905}}{{s-aft|after=Leopold IV}}{{end}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Alexander, Prince Of Lippe}}

4 : 1831 births|1905 deaths|House of Lippe|Princes of Lippe

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