| 词条 | Robert Widenmann |
| 释义 |
| name = Robert A. Widenmann | image = Robert Widenmann.jpg | caption = Robert A. Widenmann during the Lincoln County War in 1877 | birth_name = Robert Herman August Widenmann | birth_date = {{birth date|1852|01|24}} | birth_place = {{flagicon|USA}} Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States | death_date ={{Death date and age|1930|4|13|1852|1|24}} | death_place = {{flagicon|USA}} Haverstraw, New York, United States | restingplace = Mount Repose Cemetery | occupation = Deputy US Marshal | organization = Lincoln County Regulators | spouse = {{marriage|Albertine Seiler-Lemcke|1881|1905|reason=died}} | children = 4 }}Robert A. Widenmann (January 24, 1852 – April 13, 1930) was a Deputy United States Marshal and associate of Billy the Kid during the Lincoln County War.[1][2][3][4] Early lifeWidenmann was born January 24, 1852, to German-born parents in Ann Arbor, Michigan. Widenmann's father was the Bavarian Consul in Ann Arbor. As a teen-ager, Widenmann was sent back to the family’s native Germany for his schooling. He lived there for several years with a grandfather.[4] Returning to America in 1871, Widenmann settled in New York City, where he remained for two years before drifitng west, finally arriving in Lincoln in mid-February 1877. In New Mexico, he would be appointed Deputy Marshal by U.S. Marshal for New Mexico Territory John Sherman Jr.[4][3] Lincoln County War{{main|Lincoln County War}}On February 18, 1878, John Tunstall was killed by Murphy-Dolan gunmen William Morton, Frank Baker, Jesse Evans and Tom Hill. Tunstall had been accompanied by Robert Widenmann, Dick Brewer, Billy the Kid, John Middleton, Henry Newton Brown, and Fred Waite while herding horses from his ranch on the Rio Feliz to Lincoln. On February 20, 1878, Sheriff William J. Brady, and his deputies arrested Billy the Kid and two other men riding with him.[5] Three days later, Deputy U.S. Marshal Robert Widenmann, and a detachment of soldiers captured Sheriff Brady's jail guards, put them behind bars, and released the Kid and Brewer.[6] On March 9, 1878, New Mexico territorial Governor, Samuel Beach Axtell, issued a proclamation revoking Rob's appointment as Deputy Marshall. On March 30, 1878, The Santa Fe New Mexican announced that U.S. Marshal John E. Sherman had reappointed Widenmann to the deputyship. On April 1, 1878, Regulators Jim French, Frank McNab, John Middleton, Fred Waite, Henry Newton Brown and Billy the Kid ambushed Sheriff William J. Brady and four of his deputies on the main street of Lincoln. They fired on the five men from behind an adobe wall on John Tunstall's property. Brady died of at least a dozen gunshot wounds. Deputy George W. Hindman was hit twice, fatally. Widenmann was present, but whether he participated was never ascertained: he claimed he was feeding Tunstall's dog at the time of the shooting.[4] (When later asked at an inquiry why he was in possession of two pistols and a rifle, he replied that the dog was vicious).[1] Both Billy the Kid and Deputy Marshal Widenmann were wanted by county law officials for their deaths. Deputy Marshal Widenmann turned himself into the military at Fort Stanton. On April 4, 1878, Lieut. Col. Nathan Dudley assumed control of Fort Stanton and immediately released Rob and three others in default of legal documents. On April 7, 1878, Rob and Marshal John E. Sherman Jr., arrested Jesse Evans, but within hours Dudley had procured warrants for Rob and seven others, who were now rearrested and held at the fort pending investigation in connection with the murder of Brady. Here they remained until 18 April, when a grand jury ordered the release of four, including Rob, and indicted the others. On May 2, 1878, Rob, Alexander McSween, and seven others were incarcerated, this time by Sheriff John Copeland on Dudley's orders, only to be released two days later on lack of evidence. On June 12, 1878, Rob left Lincoln for the last time, traveling under military escort to Mesilla, New Mexico to testify against Jesse Evans. This he did on 2 July. Toward the end of September or the first week of October 1878, Widenmann, fearing for his life, fled the territory making his way east to ship out for London.[7][1] Later lifeRobert A. Widenmann's post-New Mexico career took him to Great Britain, where he visited Tunstall's family, and onto New York where in 1896 he was a National Democratic candidate for U.S. Representative from New York 17th District. He died in Haverstraw, N.Y. on April 13, 1930 at the age of 78.[1] According to his daughter Elsie, Widenmann lived in fear of his life for many years because of his role in the Lincoln county war and in bucking such powerful New Mexico politicians as Stephen B. Elkins.[3] See also
References1. ^1 2 3 {{cite web |url=https://familysearch.org/patron/v2/TH-300-45220-514-26/dist.txt?ctx=ArtCtxPublic |access-date=February 27, 2018 |work=Family Search}} {{Billy the Kid}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Widenmann, Robert}}2. ^{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gABJ88abRooC&pg=PA106 |last=Keleher |first=William Aloysius |title=Violence in Lincoln County, 1869-1881: Facsimile of 1957 Edition |publisher=Sunstone Press |year=2007 |page=106 |isbn=9780865346222}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite journal |url=http://www.historynet.com/billy-the-kid-and-the-us-marshals-service.htm/5 |title=Billy the Kid and the U.S. Marshals Service |date=July 12, 2006 |access-date=February 27, 2018 |journal=HistoryNet}} 4. ^1 2 3 {{cite news |url=http://www.mountaintimes.net/Newspaper/41-May2001.pdf |format=PDF |title="Past Tense" featuring "Rob Widenmann" A Bully and Braggart |page=9 |newspaper=Mountain Times |date=May 14, 2001 |last=Gomber |first=Drew}} 5. ^{{cite journal |url=http://www.truewestmagazine.com/i-shot-the-sheriff-and-i-killed-a-deputy-too/ |title=I Shot the Sheriff (and I Killed a Deputy, Too) |journal=True West Magazine |date=April 1, 2004 |access-date=February 10, 2016 |first=Bob Boze |last=Bell}} 6. ^{{cite journal |url=http://www.truewestmagazine.com/tunstall-ambushed/ |title=Tunstall Ambushed |journal=True West Magazine |date=September 11, 2015 |access-date=February 11, 2016 |first=Bob Boze |last=Bell}} 7. ^{{cite web |url=http://text-message.blogs.archives.gov/2011/08/04/deputy-marshal-v-deputy-marshal/ |title=Deputy Marshal v. Deputy Marshal |date=August 4, 2011 |author=Text Message Guest |access-date=February 27, 2018 |work=The National Archives}} 5 : 1852 births|1930 deaths|Lawmen of the American Old West|Lincoln County Wars|People from Ann Arbor, Michigan |
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