| 词条 | Alexander Vershbow |
| 释义 |
| name = Alexander Vershbow | image = Alexander Vershbow.JPG |office = Deputy Secretary General of NATO |term_start = February 2012 |term_end = October 17, 2016 |predecessor = Claudio Bisogniero |successor = Rose Gottemoeller |office1 = Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs |president1 = Barack Obama |term_start1 = April 2009 |term_end1 = February 2012 |predecessor1 = Mary Beth Long |successor1 = Derek Chollet |office2 = United States Ambassador to South Korea |president2 = George W. Bush |term_start2 = October 2005 |term_end2 = October 2008 |predecessor2 = Christopher R. Hill |successor2 = Kathleen Stephens |office3 = United States Ambassador to Russia |president3 = George W. Bush |term_start3 = 2001 |term_end3 = 2005 |predecessor3 = James Franklin Collins |successor3 = William Joseph Burns |office4 = United States Ambassador to NATO |president4 = Bill Clinton George W. Bush |term_start4 = November 10, 1997 |term_end4 = July 9, 2001 |predecessor4 = Robert E. Hunter |successor4 = R. Nicholas Burns | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1952|07|03}} | birth_place = Boston, Massachusetts | death_date = | death_place = | alma_mater = Yale College, Columbia University | nationality = American | known_for = |awards = }} Alexander Russell "Sandy" Vershbow (born July 3, 1952) is an American diplomat and former Deputy Secretary General of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. From October, 2005 to October, 2008, he was the United States Ambassador to South Korea. Before that post he had been the ambassador to the Russian Federation from 2001 to 2005 and the ambassador to NATO from 1997 to 2001.[1] For his work with NATO he was awarded the State Department's Distinguished Service Award. In March, 2009, President Barack Obama nominated Vershbow as Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs, a position that holds responsibility for U.S. policy toward NATO, coordination of U.S. security and defense policies relating to the nations and international organizations of Europe, the Middle East and Africa.[2] He was confirmed in April, 2009.[3] After almost three years with the U.S. Department of Defense, in February 2012, Vershbow moved back to Brussels where he took the position of Deputy Secretary General of NATO, becoming the first American to hold the position.[4] Early life and educationVershbow was born in Boston, Massachusetts, to Arthur Vershbow and Charlotte Vershbow (née Zimmerman), both of German descent.[5] Vershbow attended the Buckingham Browne & Nichols School before moving on to Yale College, from which he graduated in 1974 in Russian and East European Studies. He earned an MA at Columbia University in 1976 in International Relations and Certificate of the Russian Institute.[6] He learned to play the drums at a young age and kept up his passion abroad including occasionally playing in bands with other Ambassadors while on foreign assignments.[6] CareerNational Security CouncilVershbow was Special Assistant to the President and Senior Director for European Affairs at the National Security Council (1994–97). He was the first recipient of the Department of Defense's Joseph J. Kruzel Award for his contributions to peace in the former Yugoslavia (1997). Ambassador to RussiaVershbow was US ambassador to Russia from 2001 to 2005. He is famous for ignoring the official ceremony of giving his letter of credence to Russian President Vladimir Putin, for which the reason of "a planned vacation" was given.[7] Ambassador to South KoreaEarly in his tenure as ambassador to South Korea he generated controversy by continuing the hard line on North Korea begun by his predecessor Christopher Hill. He pressed North Korea on the issues of human rights and superdollars, calling the government a "criminal regime",[8][9] and called on them to return to the Six-Party Talks.[10][9] The South Korean government has asked him to tone down his rhetoric,[11] in accordance with their Sunshine Policy, and one lawmaker even tried to have him expelled from the country.[12][13] In January 2006 his attempt to meet with the Korea Internet Journalists' Association, which describes itself as 'progressive', was blocked by protestors from the Korean Confederation of Trade Unions.[14][15] Together with Christopher Hill, who was the Assistant Secretary of State, Vershbow also pioneered a strategy of speaking directly to the Korean people through the internet and by actually appearing and speaking at street rallies.[16][17] Vershbow spoke out in favour of the expansion of the US base at Pyeongtaek. Local people demonstrated in great numbers against this expansion, although Vershbow claims that they are "out of step" with the sentiments of most residents of the area. Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security AffairsVershbow was Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs (ISA).[18] In a July, 2010, organization chart he was shown as five ASD's serving under Under Secretary of Defense for Policy Michèle Flournoy, with the other four being Wallace Gregson, Paul Stockton, Michael Nacht, and Michael G. Vickers.[19] Vershbow was leading sessions for the chief of staff of Egypt's armed forces, Lt. Gen. Sami Hafez Enan, and a delegation in Washington in January, 2011, when the visit was truncated due to concurrent Egyptian protests.[20] NATO Deputy Secretary GeneralVershbow was the Deputy Secretary General of NATO from February 2012 to October 2016 after serving for three years in the Pentagon as the U.S. Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs. While in Brussels, Vershbow argued that partnerships are "a necessity, not a luxury" stressing that NATO's partnerships have helped to consolidate peace and stability in Europe, and to extend stability beyond the Alliance's borders.[21] Near the end of his tenure Vershbow was awarded the 'Grand Cross of the Order of the Crown' in recognition of his years of distinguished service for the Alliance.[22] Atlantic CouncilFollowing his career in public service, Vershbow joined the Atlantic Council as Distinguished Fellow, Brent Scowcroft Center on International Security. He has become a frequent media commentator on national security affairs and predicted the Russian government would not respond militarily to the Trump administration's bombing of Syria in response to the Asad regime's use of chemical weapons in 2017.[23] Rasmussen GlobalVershbow also acts as a Senior Advisor to Anders Fogh Rasmussen's political consultancy firm Rasmussen Global [24] where he offers advice on transatlantic relations and foreign policy. Personal lifeVershbow's wife, Lisa Vershbow, is a designer of contemporary jewelry.[25] Honours
References1. ^{{cite web|title=U.S. Ambassadors to Russia: Alexander R. Vershbow (2001-2005)|url=http://moscow.usembassy.gov/alexander_r_vershbow.html|website=Embassy of the United States, Moscow|publisher=U.S. Department of State|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140422025330/http://moscow.usembassy.gov/alexander_r_vershbow.html|archivedate=22 April 2014}} 2. ^{{cite news|last1=Sweet|first1=Lynn|title=Obama taps new ambassadors for Iraq, Afghanistan|url=http://blogs.suntimes.com/sweet/2009/03/obama_taps_new_ambassadors_for.html|work=Chicago Sun-Times|date=11 March 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090313045244/http://blogs.suntimes.com/sweet/2009/03/obama_taps_new_ambassadors_for.html|archivedate=13 March 2009|format=Press release}} 3. ^{{cite news|title=Head Count: Tracking Obama's Appointments: Alexander Vershbow|url=http://projects.washingtonpost.com/2009/federal-appointments/person/alexander-vershbow/|work=The Washington Post|date=2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003194027/http://projects.washingtonpost.com/2009/federal-appointments/person/alexander-vershbow/|archivedate=3 October 2012}} 4. ^{{cite news|title=NATO Deputy Secretary General (2012-2016) Ambassador Alexander Vershbow|url=http://www.nato.int/cps/en/SID-7C417036-67074BC0/natolive/who_is_who_84342.htm|work=NATO|date=17 October 2016|language=en}} 5. ^{{cite news|last1=Stickgold|first1=Emma|title=Arthur Vershbow, collector of rare books, donated works to MFA - The Boston Globe|url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2012/05/17/arthur-vershbow-collector-rare-books-donated-works-mfa/IZgqryMr1fFiS1O4MyegfJ/story.html|work=The Boston Globe|date=18 May 2012}} 6. ^"How rock 'n' roll freed the world" http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/world/2003-11-06-rockroll-usat_x.htm 7. ^{{cite news| url = http://www.gazeta.ru/2001/08/27/posolssaotka.shtml | title = Посол США отказался выпить с Путиным |trans-title=U.S. Ambassador refused to drink with Putin | date = 27 August 2001 | publisher = The Russian Gazette}} 8. ^{{cite news|url=http://english.chosun.com/w21data/html/news/200512/200512070016.html |title=Unknown |publisher=The Chosun Ilbo (English Edition) – Daily News from Korea |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080503000002/http://english.chosun.com/w21data/html/news/200512/200512070016.html |archivedate=May 3, 2008 }} 9. ^1 {{cite news | title = US says N Korea 'criminal regime' | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/4505960.stm | publisher = BBC News | date = 7 December 2005}} 10. ^{{cite news|url=http://english.chosun.com/w21data/html/news/200512/200512090012.html |title=Unknown |publisher=The Chosun Ilbo (English Edition) – Daily News from Korea |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060618171536/http://english.chosun.com/w21data/html/news/200512/200512090012.html |archivedate=June 18, 2006 }} 11. ^{{cite news | url = http://cnsnews.com/news/article/us-envoy-calls-north-korea-criminal-regime | title = US Envoy Calls North Korea 'Criminal Regime' | first= Patrick |last = Goodenough | date = 7 July 2008 | publisher = Cybercast News Service}} 12. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.cnsnews.com/ViewForeignBureaus.asp?Page=%5CForeignBureaus%5Carchive%5C200512%5CFOR20051208a.html |title=Unknown |publisher=Cybercast News Service |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080503202154/http://www.cnsnews.com/ViewForeignBureaus.asp?Page=%5CForeignBureaus%5Carchive%5C200512%5CFOR20051208a.html |archivedate=May 3, 2008 }} 13. ^{{cite news|url=http://english.chosun.com/w21data/html/news/200512/200512130019.html |title=Unknown |publisher=The Chosun Ilbo (English Edition) – Daily News from Korea |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060618171548/http://english.chosun.com/w21data/html/news/200512/200512130019.html |archivedate=June 18, 2006 }} 14. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.koreaherald.co.kr/SITE/data/html_dir/2006/01/13/200601130029.asp |title=Unknown |date=13 January 2006 |publisher=The Korea Herald |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080503014803/http://www.koreaherald.co.kr/SITE/data/html_dir/2006/01/13/200601130029.asp |archivedate=May 3, 2008 }} 15. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rjkoehler.com/2006/01/13/protestors-stop-vershbow-from-attending-meeting/ |publisher=The Marmot's Hole: Korea... in Blog Format |title=Protestors stop Vershbow from attending meeting |first=Robert |last=Koehler |date=13 January 2006 |quote=U.S. Ambassador Alexander Vershbow was stopped by KCTU protestors from attending a meeting with the Korean Internet Journalists' Association, reports the Korea Herald: 'The U.S. envoy to Korea was to meet with members of the Korea Internet Journalists' Association at the office of progressive radio channel, Voice of the People in Yeongdeungpo, western Seoul. But members of the Korean Confederation of Trade Unions who share an office in the same building barricaded the entrance and held out placards saying "U.S. obstructs reunification."' |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080704134229/http://www.rjkoehler.com/2006/01/13/protestors-stop-vershbow-from-attending-meeting/ |archivedate=4 July 2008 }} 16. ^{{cite news|url=http://english.chosun.com/w21data/html/news/200601/200601170020.html |title=Unknown |publisher=The Chosun Ilbo (English Edition) – Daily News from Korea |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061018122811/http://english.chosun.com/w21data/html/news/200601/200601170020.html |archivedate=October 18, 2006 }} 17. ^{{cite news | url = http://english.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2005/09/23/2005092361028.html | title = New U.S. Envoy to Woo Young Koreans | date = 23 September 2005 | publisher = The Chosun Ilbo (English Edition) – Daily News from Korea}} 18. ^{{cite web | title = Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs | url = http://policy.defense.gov/OUSDPOffices/ASDforInternationalSecurityAffairs.aspx | publisher = Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Policy, U.S. Department of Defense | accessdate = 19 October 2012 | quote = Alexander Vershbow is currently the Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs (ISA). In this capacity, Ambassador Vershbow was responsible for coordinating U.S. security and defense policies relating to the nations and international organizations of Europe (including NATO), the Middle East and Africa.}} 19. ^{{citation|url=http://policy.defense.gov/common/Policy_Leadership_Slate.pdf |title=Policy Leadership Slate |format=PDF |publisher=United States Department of Defense |accessdate=28 January 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721035233/http://policy.defense.gov/common/Policy_Leadership_Slate.pdf |archivedate=July 21, 2011 }} 20. ^{{cite news | authorlink=Elizabeth Bumiller | last = Bumiller | first= Elizabeth | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/29/world/middleeast/29military-egypt.html?hp | title = Egyptian Military Chiefs Cut Pentagon Visit Short | newspaper = The New York Times | date = 28 January 2011 | accessdate = 28 January 2011}} 21. ^"NATO Deputy Secretary General: Partnerships are a necessity, not a luxury" 22. ^"NATO Deputy Secretary General Receives Prestigious Order of the Crown" 23. ^US Strike in Syria Unlikely to Provoke Russian Response April 10 2017 24. ^https://rasmussenglobal.com/the-firm 25. ^1 {{cite web |title = Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs – Leadership: Alexander Vershbow |url = http://policy.defense.gov/OUSDPOffices/ASDforInternationalSecurityAffairs/Leadership.aspx |publisher = Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Policy, U.S. Department of Defense |accessdate = 28 January 2011 |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20120915080923/http://policy.defense.gov/OUSDPOffices/ASDforInternationalSecurityAffairs/Leadership.aspx |archivedate = 15 September 2012 |df = }} 26. ^{{cite news | url = http://www.thenews.pl/1/10/Artykul/260757,Deputy-NATO-chief-awarded-Polands-top-diplomatic-decoration- | title = Deputy NATO chief awarded Poland's top diplomatic decoration | newspaper = Radio Poland | date = 8 July 2016 | accessdate = 8 July 2016}} 27. ^{{cite news|title=Stoltenberg tells President Margvelashvili: "Bonds between NATO and Georgia are stronger than ever"|url=http://agenda.ge/news/64820/eng|accessdate=8 September 2016|work=agenda.ge|date=8 September 2016}} 28. ^{{cite tweet|user=dreynders|author=didier reynders|number=781084216004075520|date=28 September 2016|title=J'ai remis la décoration de Grand Croix de l'Ordre de la Couronne à l'Ambassadeur Vershbow #OTAN @BelgiumMFA #begov}} 29. ^http://www.didierreynders.be/2016/09/27/jai-remis-la-decoration-de-grand-croix-de-lordre-de-la-couronne-a-lambassadeur-vershbow/ External links{{Commons category|Alexander Vershbow}}
14 : Permanent Representatives of the United States to NATO|Ambassadors of the United States to Russia|Ambassadors of the United States to South Korea|American Jews|Ashkenazi Jews|Yale University alumni|Living people|School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University alumni|1952 births|People from Boston|Buckingham Browne & Nichols School alumni|Recipients of the Order of the Golden Fleece (Georgia)|Grand Crosses of the Order of the Crown (Belgium)|United States Assistant Secretaries of Defense |
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