| 词条 | Rock Hard (magazine) |
| 释义 |
| title = Rock Hard | image_file = Rock Hard logo.png | image_size = 300 | image_caption = Rock Hard logo | editor = Boris Kaiser | editor_title = Editor-in-chief | previous_editor = | staff_writer = | frequency = Monthly | circulation = 80,000[1] | category = Rock, metal | company = Rock Hard Verlags- und Handels- GmbH | publisher = Holger Stratmann | firstdate = {{nowrap|November – December 1983}} | country = Germany | based = Dortmund | language = German | website = www.rockhard.de | issn = 1437-8140 }}Rock Hard (also RockHard) is a German music magazine published in Dortmund, Germany, with other language editions in various countries worldwide, including France, Spain, Brazil/Portugal, Italy and Greece. The magazine focuses on hard rock and heavy metal content, including reports, interviews, specials, reviews and news. Next to the German edition of Metal Hammer, it is the leading magazine for metal and hard rock in Germany. German news magazine Der Spiegel has called it the {{lang|de|Zentralorgan}} ("central organ") of heavy metal fandom in Germany;[2] others have dubbed it a {{lang|de|Kultzeitschrift}} ("cult magazine").[3] Founded by Holger Stratmann, more than 300 issues have been published in Germany since 1983; it has been published monthly since 1989. Rock Hard magazine is independent from major media companies. Its slogan is "critical, competent, independent". Since 1990, magazine employees have also organized the Rock Hard Festival, which has been held annually in Gelsenkirchen on the Pentecost weekend since 2003. The festival is streamed by news magazine Spiegel Online, the internet edition of Der Spiegel, and by WDR television under the Rockpalast label.[3]Götz Kühnemund was editor-in-chief of Rock Hard from 1990 until January 2014, when he and some other editors had to leave the magazine due to financial needs and creative differences with the magazine's founder and publisher Holger Stratmann. Kühnemund, who is a well-known figure not only in the German metal scene, was known for his efforts to preserve what he called "real heavy metal" instead of going more commercial, opening the magazine to influences from different metal substyles. Kühnemund's departure was compared to "the pope leaving the church".[4] Kühnemund then founded a new magazine called Deaf Forever. Boris Kaiser and Michael Rensen became the new editors-in-chief in a dual leadership. Since February 2016, only Boris Kaiser is editor-in-chief, while Michael Rensen works as an editor again.[5] Rock Hard has its own music streaming channel on the internet video portal Putpat.tv.[6] It also publishes its own mobile app in addition to the magazine which is available on iTunes and Google Play.[7][8] This development was due to the falling sales of the printed magazine, a phenomenon which has affected all music press in Germany in recent years and also forced Rock Hard to "concentrate on the core business",[9] using the online sector for marketing and additional services. Further reading
References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rockhard.de/topmenu/rock-hard-international.html|title=History of Rock Hard|publisher=Rock Hard|accessdate=3 September 2016}} 2. ^GITARREN zu Pflugscharen - Der Spiegel, 1 February 1994, in German 3. ^Und Schluss! Das Rock Hard Festival live - Spiegel online, in German 4. ^1 "Als würde der Papst aus der Kirche austreten" - Freiepresse.de 5. ^Rock Hard, February 2016, Impressum, p. 130 6. ^Weiterrocken im Netz: Was aus Musikvideos geworden ist - Süddeutsche Zeitung - sueddeutsche.de, in German 7. ^[https://itunes.apple.com/de/app/rock-hard/id616636030?mt=8 iTunes - Rock Hard app], in German 8. ^[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=de.rockhard.app&hl=de Google Play - Rock Hard app], in German 9. ^Musikmagazine: Abgehört - Frankfurter Rundschau, in German External links
7 : German music magazines|Heavy metal publications|German monthly magazines|Magazines established in 1983|1983 establishments in Germany|Media in Dortmund|German-language magazines |
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