“Salinas (ancient lake)”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Salinas (ancient lake)

释义

References
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Salinas is a lake event in the Salar de Uyuni, Bolivia.

The existence of this lake event is documented by tufa mounds which are up to {{convert|7|m}} high.{{sfn|Placzek|Quade|Patchett|2006|p=523}} It belongs to a series of ancient lakes which covered the southern Altiplano in Bolivia, reaching a maximum surface area of {{convert|33,000|-|60,000|km2}}. This series includes several phases, two major phases named Lake Tauca and Ouki as well as a few minor ones. These lake phases appear to occur in response to increased moisture supply from the Amazon.{{sfn|Placzek|Quade|Patchett|2006|p=515}} The formation of the Salinas lake was probably accompanied by a 50-100% increase of precipitation.{{sfn|Placzek|Quade|Patchett|2013|p=104}}

The Salinas event lasted between approximately 95,000 and 80,000 years ago. It was preceded by another lake event, Ouki. Alternatively, it may be part of the Ouki event, more specifically of its waning stage.{{sfn|Placzek|Quade|Patchett|2006|p=523}} The Ouki and Salinas lake cycles coincided with cooling events in the North Atlantic,{{sfn|Placzek|Quade|Patchett|2013|p=106}} glacier expansions in the Puna and with changes to alluvial fans at Llano de Chajnantor.^[2]

During the Salinas lake cycle, lake levels did not rise above {{convert|3670|m}} altitude,{{sfn|Placzek|Quade|Patchett|2006|p=523}} but overall lake levels were variable.^[3] Overall the lake covered a surface area of {{convert|21000|km2}} if the Poopo basin is included, or {{convert|20500|km2}} if not.{{sfn|Placzek|Quade|Patchett|2013|p=103}} The hydrology of the Salinas event includes water flow from the Lake Poopo into the Salar de Coipasa/Salar de Uyuni basin, as in the previous Ouki phase.{{sfn|Placzek|Quade|Patchett|2011|p=233}} This input probably did not exceed 45% of the total water supply of the Salinas lake.{{sfn|Placzek|Quade|Patchett|2011|p=239}}

References

1. ^¹{{cite journal |last1=Cesta |first1=Jason M. |last2=Ward |first2=Dylan J. |title=Timing and nature of alluvial fan development along the Chajnantor Plateau, northern Chile |journal=Geomorphology |date=November 2016 |volume=273 |page=424 |doi=10.1016/j.geomorph.2016.09.003 |language=en |issn=0169-555X}}
2. ^¹{{cite journal|last1=Sánchez-Saldías|first1=Andrea|last2=Fariña|first2=Richard A.|title=Palaeogeographic reconstruction of Minchin palaeolake system, South America: The influence of astronomical forcing|journal=Geoscience Frontiers|date=March 2014|volume=5|issue=2|page=258|doi=10.1016/j.gsf.2013.06.004}}

^[1]^[2]
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Sources

{{cite journal|last1=Placzek|first1=C.|last2=Quade|first2=J.|last3=Patchett|first3=P. J.|title=Geochronology and stratigraphy of late Pleistocene lake cycles on the southern Bolivian Altiplano: Implications for causes of tropical climate change|journal=Geological Society of America Bulletin|date=8 May 2006|volume=118|issue=5–6|pages=515–532|doi=10.1130/B25770.1|ref=harv}}
{{cite journal|last1=Placzek|first1=Christa J.|last2=Quade|first2=Jay|last3=Patchett|first3=P. Jonathan|title=Isotopic tracers of paleohydrologic change in large lakes of the Bolivian Altiplano|journal=Quaternary Research|date=January 2011|volume=75|issue=1|pages=231–244|doi=10.1016/j.yqres.2010.08.004|ref=harv}}
{{cite journal|last1=Placzek|first1=C.J.|last2=Quade|first2=J.|last3=Patchett|first3=P.J.|title=A 130ka reconstruction of rainfall on the Bolivian Altiplano|journal=Earth and Planetary Science Letters|date=February 2013|volume=363|pages=97–108|doi=10.1016/j.epsl.2012.12.017|ref=harv}}

4 : Former lakes of South America|Geology of Bolivia|Pleistocene|Lakes of Bolivia

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