“Sandra Day O'Connor Institute”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The Sandra Day O'Connor Institute is a Phoenix, Arizona-based non-profit organization whose mission is to "continue Justice Sandra Day O’Connor’s legacy and lifetime work to advance civics education, civic engagement and civil discourse."^[1] The institute was established with retired U.S. Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O'Connor from Arizona in 2009.^[2] Leaders and luminaries who have spoken at the O'Connor Institute include General Colin Powell,^[3] President George W. Bush^[4] and former Soviet Union President Mikhail Gorbachev.^[5]

History

The institute, a non-profit, nonpartisan organization, was originally founded as O'Connor House to oversee saving and preserving Justice Sandra Day O'Connor's historic 1958 adobe family home, which was slated for demolition. The house in Paradise Valley, Arizona was painstakingly dismantled brick by brick and successfully reassembled in a new location in Tempe, Arizona's Papago Park near the Arizona Historical Society in 2009. The O'Connor Institute conserves the house.^[6]^[7] In 2015, Justice O'Connor and the organization's Board of Directors authorized the renaming from O'Connor House to the Sandra Day O'Connor Institute to better represent the broader spectrum of programs and emphasis on civil discourse, civic engagement and civics education.^[8]

Programs

Distinguished Speakers Series

The O'Connor Institute Distinguished Speakers Series features prominent individuals who have fostered civil discourse in their careers. Past speakers have included former U.S. Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice, former President of South Africa and Nobel Peace Prize recipient F.W. de Klerk,^[9] former Finnish Minister of Defense Elisabeth Rehn,^[10] Pulitzer Prize winner David McCullough, Human Rights Foundation chairman and past world chess champion Garry Kasparov,^[11] retired Admiral and NATO Supreme Allied Commander Europe James Stavridis,^[12] former CIA Director James Woolsey^[13] and First Lady Laura Bush^[14].^[15]

Annual History Dinner

The O'Connor Institute Annual History Dinner presents educational dinners highlighting historic figures, with a notable speaker. Past dinners have showcased Abraham Lincoln (with Pulitzer Prize winner Doris Kearns Goodwin),^[16]^[17] Thomas Jefferson (with Pulitzer Prize winner Jon Meacham)^[18] and John F. Kennedy (with Ambassador Caroline Kennedy).^[19]

Camp O'Connor

Conceived in 2014 by Justice Sandra Day O'Connor, the goal of Camp O'Connor is to “educate, inspire and encourage the next generation of citizens…to develop a deeper understanding of our democracy.”^[20] The O'Connor Institute delivers this five-day "democracy boot camp" for middle school students each summer in Phoenix.^[21]

Issues and Answers Forums

The institute hosts debates about various policies featuring speakers from all sides of each issue. Past topics have included independent expenditures, anonymous campaign finance contributions, so-called "dark money,"^[22] legalization of recreational marijuana,^[23] and water and drought in the American Southwest.^[24]

Sandra Day O'Connor Scholarship

Each year, the institute provides a competitive scholarship for a promising law student at the Sandra Day O'Connor College of Law.^[25]^[26]

References

1. ^{{cite web | url=http://oconnorinstitute.org/about/missionopportunity/ | title= Mission Statement | publisher=Sandra Day O'Connor Institute | accessdate=December 15, 2018 }}
2. ^{{cite web|url=https://asunow.asu.edu/20151020-sandra-day-oconnor-institute-announces-future-home-arizona-center-law-and-society-0|title=Sandra Day O’Connor Institute announces future home at Arizona Center for Law and Society|author=|date=20 October 2015|website=ASU Now: Access, Excellence, Impact|accessdate=2 January 2019}}
3. ^{{cite web|url=http://northcentralnews.net/2013/business/powell-to-discuss-leadership-at-event/|title=Powell to discuss leadership at event|author=|date=|website=northcentralnews.net|accessdate=2 January 2019}}
4. ^https://paradisevalleyindependent.com/events/traveling-exhibit-of-artwork-by-president-george-w-bush-coming-to-arizona/
5. ^https://www.bizjournals.com/phoenix/blog/business/2012/04/michael-bidwill-flies-mikhail.html
6. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.azcentral.com/story/news/local/tempe/2017/04/28/sandra-day-oconnors-former-house-center-civility-tempe-gets-flung-mud-adobe/100905274/|title=Sandra Day O'Connor's former house, a center of civility in Tempe, gets flung with mud|author=|date=|website=azcentral|accessdate=2 January 2019}}
7. ^http://archive.azcentral.com/style/hfe/decor/articles/20100324sandra-day-oconnor-historic-house-rebuilt-papago.html
8. ^https://azbigmedia.com/oconnor-house-names/
9. ^{{cite web|url=https://asunow.asu.edu/20160926-asu-global-engagement-de-klerk-encourages-support-ethical-leadership|title=F.W. De Klerk encourages support for ethical leaders at ASU event|author=|date=26 September 2016|website=ASU Now: Access, Excellence, Impact|accessdate=2 January 2019}}
10. ^{{cite web|url=https://suomenkuvalehti.fi/jutut/ulkomaat/amerikka/yhdysvaltain-ex-suurlahettilas-suomalaiset-ovat-valtavan-ennakkoluulottomia-luomaan-uutta/|title=Yhdysvaltain ex-suurlähettiläs: "Suomalaiset ovat valtavan ennakkoluulottomia luomaan uutta"|author=|date=22 October 2017|website=suomenkuvalehti.fi|accessdate=2 January 2019}}
11. ^https://www.mccaininstitute.org/events/garry-kasparov/
12. ^https://www.mccaininstitute.org/events/leadership-voices-james-stavridis-on-global-diplomacy-and-security/
13. ^{{cite web|url=http://sonorannews.com/2017/11/29/former-cia-director-james-woolsey-speak-phoenix/|title=Former CIA Director James Woolsey to speak in Phoenix|first=Sonoran|last=News|date=29 November 2017|website=sonorannews.com|accessdate=2 January 2019}}
14. ^{{cite web|url=https://paradisevalleyindependent.com/living-in-paradise/former-first-lady-speaks-at-inaugural-legacy-luncheon/|title=Former first lady speaks at inaugural Legacy Luncheon|author=|date=6 June 2018|website=paradisevalleyindependent.com|accessdate=2 January 2019}}
15. ^{{cite web|url=http://oconnorinstitute.org/programs/distinguished-speaker-series/past-distinguished-speakers/|title=Past Distinguished Speakers|author=|date=|website=Sandra Day O'Connor Institute|accessdate=2 January 2019}}
16. ^{{cite web|url=https://paradisevalleyindependent.com/news/author-doris-kearns-goodwin-to-speak-at-oconnor-institute/|title=Author Doris Kearns Goodwin to speak at O’Connor Institute|author=|date=30 January 2017|website=paradisevalleyindependent.com|accessdate=2 January 2019}}
17. ^https://paradisevalleyindependent.com/living-in-paradise/dinner-with-lincoln-raises-500000-for-sandra-day-oconnor-institute/
18. ^{{cite web|url=https://heavy.com/news/2018/12/jon-meacham/|title=Jon Meacham: 5 Fast Facts You Need to Know|first=Jessica|last=McBride|date=5 December 2018|website=heavy.com|accessdate=2 January 2019}}
19. ^{{cite web|url=http://oconnorinstitute.org/programs/distinguished-speaker-series/history-dinners/|title=History Dinners|author=|date=|website=Sandra Day O'Connor Institute|accessdate=2 January 2019}}
20. ^https://www.raisingarizonakids.com/2017/03/new-camp-oconnor-offers-free-weeklong-civics-camp-middle-school-students/
21. ^{{cite web|url=https://asunow.asu.edu/20180921-arizona-impact-asu-law-host-sandra-day-o%E2%80%99connor-day-downtown-phoenix-campus|title=ASU Law to host 'Sandra Day O’Connor Day' at Downtown Phoenix campus|author=|date=21 September 2018|website=ASU Now: Access, Excellence, Impact|accessdate=2 January 2019}}
22. ^https://paradisevalleyindependent.com/events/oconnor-institute-host-panel-discussion-dark-money/
23. ^https://asuevents.asu.edu/content/issues-answers-forum-regulation-and-taxation-marijuana,
24. ^https://theshow.kjzz.org/content/734389/forum-planned-address-arizonas-water-issues
25. ^https://paradisevalleyindependent.com/events/supreme-evening-of-jazz-benefits-oconnor-scholarship/
26. ^http://oconnorinstitute.org/programs/scholarships-fellow-interns/sandra-day-oconnor-scholarship/