| 词条 | Bhanbhagta Gurung |
| 释义 |
|name=Bhanbhagta Gurung |image=Bhanbhagta Gurung VC.jpg |caption= |birth_date={{birth-date|September 1921}} |death_date = {{death-date|1 March 2008|dt=2008-03-02}} (aged 86) |birth_place=Phalbu, Nepal |death_place=Gorkha, Nepal |nickname= |allegiance=Nepal |branch=British Indian Army |serviceyears=1939–1946 |rank=Hon. Havildar |unit=2nd Gurkha Rifles |commands= |battles=World War II
|awards= Victoria Cross Star of Nepal |relations= |laterwork= }} Havildar Bhanbhagta Gurung VC (Nepali: भनभक्त गुरुङ; September 1921 – 1 March 2008), also known as Bhanbhakta Gurung, was a Nepalese Gurkha recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces, awarded for his actions while serving as a Rifleman with the 3rd Battalion of the 2nd Gurkha Rifles in Burma during the Second World War. Early life and serviceBhanbhagta Gurung was born in Phalpu, a small hill village in western Nepal in the district of Gorkha in September 1921.[1] He enlisted in the British Indian Army during World War II, joining 3rd Battalion, 2nd King Edward VII's Own Gurkha Rifles (The Sirmoor Rifles) at the age of eighteen.[2] Promoted to Lance Naik (Lance Corporal), he served in the Chindit expedition led by Brigadier Orde Wingate into northern Burma in March 1943. He was serving in Number 4 Column, deep behind Japanese lines across the Chindwin, when the column was ambushed by the Japanese 33rd Division and ordered to disperse.[1] His battalion was withdrawn from the line after the expedition for several months of training and refitting, and redeployed in March 1944 in Arakan in the 25th Indian Division, fighting down the Mayu Range towards Akyab.[1] Bhanbhagta was promoted to Naik (Corporal).{{Citation needed|date=February 2009}} Shortly before the action that won him the VC, he was reduced to the ranks for neglect of duty after being blamed for taking the wrong hill, to the ire of the battalion commander (although it later transpired that he had followed the orders of his platoon commander, who had given him the wrong target).{{Citation needed|date=February 2009}} In February 1945, the 25th Indian Division landed at Ru-ywa, as a diversion from the offensive by General Sir William Slim's 14th Army towards Mandalay, and advanced to the Irrawaddy through the An pass, held by the Japanese 54th Division from a number of hills. The Gurkhas held two hills, code-named "Snowdon" and "Snowdon East", but were attacked by the Japanese and pushed back. They were ordered to retake the hills.{{Citation needed|date=January 2011}} DetailsBhanbhagta Gurung was about 24 years old, and a Rifleman in the 3rd Battalion, 2nd Gurkha Rifles, British Indian Army when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC: On 5 March 1945 at Snowdon-East, near Tamandu, Burma (now Myanmar), Gurung and his unit were approaching Snowdon-East. His company became pinned down by an enemy sniper and were suffering casualties. As the sniper was inflicting casualties on the section, Rifleman Bhanbhagta Gurung, being unable to fire from the lying position, stood up fully exposed to the heavy fire and calmly killed the enemy sniper with his rifle, thus saving his section from suffering further casualties.[3] Again the section advanced, and again it came under fire. Without waiting for orders, Gurung dashed out to attack the first enemy fox-hole. Throwing two grenades, he killed the two occupants and without any hesitation rushed on to the next enemy fox-hole and killed the Japanese in it with his bayonet. He cleared two further fox-holes with bayonet and grenades. "During his single-handed attacks on these four enemy fox-holes, Rifleman Bhanbhagta Gurung was subjected to almost continuous and point-blank Light Machine Gun fire from a bunker on the North tip of the objective." For the fifth time, Gurung "went forward alone in the face of heavy enemy fire to knock out this position. He doubled forward and leapt on to the roof of the bunker from where, his hand grenades being finished, he flung two No. 77 smoke grenades into the bunker slit." [3] Gurung killed two Japanese soldiers who ran out of the bunker with his Kukri, and then advanced into the cramped bunker and killed the remaining Japanese soldier. Gurung ordered three others to take up positions in the bunker. "The enemy counter-attack followed soon after, but under Rifleman Bhanbhagta Gurung's command the small party inside the bunker repelled it with heavy loss to the enemy. Rifleman Bhanbhagta Gurung showed outstanding bravery and a complete disregard for his own safety. His courageous clearing of five enemy positions single-handed was in itself decisive in capturing the objective and his inspiring example to the rest of the Company contributed to the speedy consolidation of this success."[3] His regiment gained the battle honour "Tamandu" as a result of the engagement and he received his Victoria Cross from King George VI at Buckingham Palace.[4] Later lifeSoon after the war ended, Gurung's company commander tried to persuade him to continue serving, but he declined as he had a frail widowed mother as well as a young wife and children to take care of in Nepal.[5] When he quit the regiment in January 1946 he had regained his former rank of Naik and had been given the rank of Honorary Havildar. In addition to his VC he was also awarded the Star of Nepal, 3rd Class, in 1945.[4] In 2000 the Gurkha training company block at Catterick (England) was named after him. His three sons also served in the 2nd Gurkhas.[4] Bhanbhagta suffered from asthma for many years and for the last four years of his life was housebound at his youngest son's house at Gorkha. His oldest son Krishna Bahadur Gurung's youngest son is now a captain in the 1RGR army in Brunei with his wife (Sabita) and children (Siya and Resham). Resham is hoping to be an entrepreneur in the future instead of joining the army. [6] He died on 1 March 2008, aged 86.[1] The medalHis Victoria Cross is displayed at The Gurkha Museum at Winchester, Hampshire, in England.{{Citation needed|date=February 2009}} See also
Notes1. ^1 2 3 Staunton 2008, p. 48. 2. ^Parker 2005, p. 203. 3. ^1 2 {{London Gazette |issue=37107 |date=1 June 1945 |page=2831 |supp=y }} 4. ^1 2 Parker 2005, p. 205. 5. ^Parker 2005, p. 205 6. ^{{cite news |title=Bhanubhakta Gurung, VC |url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/obituaries/article3477202.ece |publisher=The Times |date=4 March 2008 |accessdate=4 March 2008 | location=London | archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20080311222854/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/obituaries/article3477202.ece| archivedate= 11 March 2008 | deadurl= no}} References
Obituaries
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10 : Nepalese World War II recipients of the Victoria Cross|Nepalese recipients of the Victoria Cross|Recipients of the Order of the Star of Nepal|Nepalese people of World War II|British Indian Army soldiers|1921 births|2008 deaths|Nepalese Buddhists|Gurkhas|People from Gorkha District |
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